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What Is an American? By Charles W. Eliot
List of Frontispieces .
CHAPTER I-EXPECTATIONS FROM THE
NEW WORLD (1492-1600)
Introductory
1. Eric the Red:
The First European Immigrants (1000) ..
2. Christopher Columbus:
What Columbus Expected from America
(1493-1503)
30
31
36
3. Martin Waltzee-Müller (Hylaco-Mylus):
First Use of the Name America (1507) . 40
4. Captain John Verrazano:
First Visit to New York and Newport (1524)
5. Sir Francis Drake:
Foundation of the Pacific Coast States
(1579)
6. Sir George Peckham:
Expected Profits of American Colonization
(1582)
7. Sir Walter Ralegh:
4I
43
46
Early Relations with Latin-America (1595) 50
8. Edward Hayes:
First Suggestion of Transcontinental Trade
(1602)
54
CHAPTER II-THE FIRST IMMIGRANTS
(1601-1689)
1. George Wither:
Need of a Navy (1620)
PAGE
60
61
*The Future of Virginia (1616)
2. Clerk John Twine:
Proceedings of the First American Legis-
lature (1619)
3. The Plymouth Voyagers:
62
The Mayflower Compact (1620). Facsimile.
67
4. Captain John Smith:
69
5. Senator Charles Sumner:
The Voice from Plymouth Rock (1620) .
6. John Boyle O'Reilly (written 1889)
*The Pilgrim Fathers (1620).
7. Governor William Bradford:
Reasons for the Pilgrim Emigration (1621)
8. Reverend William Hooke:
A Colonial View of War (1640)
9. Reverend William Castell:
Reasons for Emigrating to America (1641).
10. Anne Bradstreet:
*Old England and New (1642)
An Appeal to the Loyalty of America (1643)
12. Theodore de la Guard (Nathaniel Ward):
Be Resolute, Brave Englishmen (1645).
13. Governor John Winthrop :
Authority and Liberty (1645)
14. Theodore de la Guard (Nathaniel Ward):
An Early Appeal for Women's Rights (1645) 110
15. Sir Ferdinando Gorges:
Benefits to be Derived from Colonies (1658) 113
16. Reverend Michael Wigglesworth
*"No Enemyes at Home, nor no Domestick
Jars" (1662)
17. Reverend Roger Williams:
Religious Toleration as a Principle of Gov-
ernment (1670).
18. Daniel Denton :
116
119
The Allurements of the New World (1670) 122
19. Father James Marquette:
The First European on the Mississippi (1673) 126
20. Father Membre:
Origin of the French Claim to the Mississippi
Valley (1682)
21. Governor William Penn:
131
The Quiet Land of Pennsylvania (1684) 134
22. Sir Thomas Browne:
"A Prophecy Concerning the Future State
of Several Nations" (1684).
23. Governor William Penn:
136
Good Advice to a Colonial Council (1685). 138
24. The Town of Ipswich in the Massachusetts
Bay Colony:
A Stubborn Town Meeting (1687)
25. Deputy Governor Thomas Danforth:
A Bloodless Revolution (1689)
CHAPTER III-PRINCIPLES OF PERSONAL
LIBERTY (1689-1748)
1. Reverend Abiel Holmes:
Defying a Colonial Governor (1693) .
2. Governor William Penn:
Plan for the Peace of Europe (1694)
3. Judge Samuel Sewall:
Liberty for All Men (1700)
4. Governor William Penn:
"Excess of Vanity upon People in Power"
(1705).
5. Reverend John Wise:
"Englishmen Hate an Arbitrary Power"
(1710).
6. Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spotswood:
Warning Against the French in the West
(1718).
157
160
162
7. Jeremiah Dummer:
Let the Colonies Keep Their Charters (1721)
166
8. Benjamin Franklin:
A Young Patriot's First Appearance in
Philadelphia (1723)
170
9. Reverend Jonathan Edwards:
Some Good Resolutions of a Puritan Parson
(about 1727).
10. Governor Sir William Keith:
173
Weakness of Colonial Government (1728) . 175
II. Colonel William Byrd:
Hopes of Iron Making in Virginia (1732) . 180
12. General James Edward Oglethorpe:
America as a Refuge for the Unfortunate
(1733).
13. Bishop George Berkeley of Newport:
*On the Prospect of Planting Arts and
Learning in America (1731?)
183
187
14. Colonel William Byrd:
(1735)
188
15. Colonel William Byrd:
A Southern Criticism of Slavery and Rum
(1736).
191
16. Andrew Hamilton:
The Right to Tell the Truth about Govern-
ment (1737)
17. Reverend John Callender:
Good Effect of Liberty of Conscience (1739) 198
18. Benjamin Franklin:
Nonresistants on Preparedness (1744) .
19. Bishop George Berkeley of Newport:
Maxims Concerning Patriotism (1745?)
20. Peter Kalm:
How to Keep the Colonies in Submission
(1748)
. . 210
CHAPTER IV-PRINCIPLES OF COLONIAL
SELF-GOVERNMENT (1749-1765)
Age-Long Settlement of America (1751). 218
3. Chief Justice Stephen Hopkins:
The Albany Plan of Union (1754)
4. Benjamin Franklin:
220
Plan of a Federal Union of the Colonies
(1755)
5. Doctor William Douglass:
Military Preparedness (1755) .
6. Edmund Burke:
224
226
Activity the Salvation of a Nation (1757). 230
7. Edmund Burke:
Oppose but Esteem Your Enemy (1757). 233
8. Nathaniel Ames:
Iron More Useful Than Gold and Silver
(1758)
9. Benjamin Franklin:
Good Advice by Poor Richard (1758)
10. Reverend Samuel Davies:
236
238
Preparedness Against Indians and French
II. Governor Thomas Pownall:
243
Prediction of a Commercial Union (1760). 247