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66

stocks held by Philadelphia....... 500
stocks, N. England, in Boston..... 368

Railroads centering at Chicago, Illinois.

in New York in 1855

.....

682

Specie, receipts and exports of, at N. York.. 344
Stang-holm, fixed light on ...

356

494

751

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in Maine in 1854-55

747

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of Wisconsin..

Railway traveling in England, safety of.............
Railways, liabilities of..
Rathlin-o-Birne flashing light...
lighthouse, Ireland

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Real and personal property in R. Island..
Receipt, general theory of the....

Receipts, sealed...

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-uses of the receipt

....

Regulations, commercial.. 247, 374, 483, 616, 742 Sugar, a new Mexican

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465
381

brokers, or gimlet rangers........... 519
production of, in Louisiana.......... 119

Statistics of agriculture, 118, 253, 378, 502, 624, 752
of population, 105, 249, 382, 492, 636, 756
...... 354
in United States................. 245 Staværnso, fixed light on.
373
618 Steamboat accidents in 1855..
present and future of American.. 367 Steamboat disasters on Western waters..... 369
246 Steamboats on Western and Southern rivers. 117
113
712 Steam-carriages for common roads..
481 Steam navigation, statistics of............. 501
480 Steamships, the loss of international..
725 Steel manufacture of Pittsburg
573 Sterling exchange, the par of....
191 St. Louis, increase of trade of, in 1855..
571 Stock markets, the Boston and New York

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CONTENTS OF NO. I., VOL. XXXIV.

ARTICLES.

ART.

I. A SYSTEM OF NATIONAL CURRENCY

PAGE.

19

II. COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES.-No. XXI. Passage of the Stamp Act-Its effect on American, British, and West India Commerce-Congress-Non-ImportationAmerican Manufactures-British Goods in the Colonies. By ENOCH HALE, Jr., Esq., of New York

........

III. MERCANTILE BIOGRAPHY: ALEXANDER HENRY.

IV. ABBOTT LAWRENCE: THE MAN, THE MERCHANT, THE STATESMAN

V. THE TRUE MERCANTILE CHARACTER. By J. H. ALLEN, Esq......

VI. THE LAW MERCHANT.-No. 111. The Application of Voluntary Payments-(Concluded.) By ABBOTT BROTHERS, Counselors at Law, of New York.

JOURNAL OF MERCANTILE LAW.

Contract-Consideration...

Libel for Materials alleged to have been used in the construction of a Ship..
Contract-Waiver of Condition.-A New Doctrine of Prize Law in England..
Lien of Builder upon a Ship-Maritime Law-English Law-Contract-Attachment...
Of Banks in State of New York receiving the Bills of other States.......
Principles and effects not patentable

COMMERCIAL CHRONICLE AND REVIEW:

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EMBRACING A FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW OF THE UNITED STATES, ETC., ILLUSTRA

TED WITH TABLES, ETC., AS FOLLOWS:

Excitement in the Money Market-Causes of Commercial Disquiet-Difficulties with EnglandIndications of General Prosperity-The Crops North and South-The Stock Market, and Movements in Foreign Exchange-Bank Difficulties, and the Bank Movement in New York and Boston-Deposits at the New York Assay Office-Imports at New York for November, and since January 1st-Cash Duties received at New York-Imports of Foreign Dry Goods --Exports from New York to Foreign Ports for November, and from January 1st-Comparative Exports of Leading Articles of Domestic Produce - Probable Demand for Breadstuffs in Europe, etc.................

New York Cotton Market. By ULHORN & FREDERICKSON, Brokers, New York

76-83

84

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Steam-carriages for Common Roads....

Railroad Management in Germany.-Steamboats on the Western and Southern Rivers

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110

111

112

113

117

118

119

120

121

122

125

125

Model Furnace for making Iron..

126

Ship-building in Boston and Vicinity in 1855.

127

Ames's Shovel Manufactory........

128

Incombustible Wood.-Glass-faced and Grooved Bricks.-Zinc Paint

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HUNT'S

MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE

AND

COMMERCIAL REVIEW.

JANUARY, 1856.

Art. I-A SYSTEM OF NATIONAL CURRENCY.

THE following sheets were written in 1841, when the subject of a National Bank was before Congress, under the first year of Tyler's administration, to embody the writer's speculations on the absorbing topic of that day. They were submitted to Mr. Clay during the session in which the bank bill passed. In a letter acknowledging their receipt, he expresses his approbation of the plan in the following words:-"I have received your plan of a bank of the United States, embracing a system of banking' for all the States. I have perused it with much pleasure, and with much more satisfaction than I have derived from the examination of any other plans, of which I have received a great number." After discussing its details, and showing the points of coincidence with his own plan submitted to the Senate, he adds:-"I cannot give you a better proof of my estimate of the good sense which characterizes your communication, than by having written so much about it. After all, it is very doubtful whether our labors will be of any avail-whether the state of public opinion is such as to admit, for some time to come, the establishment of any effectual regulation of the paper currency. I advise you to preserve your plan, and at the proper period submit it to the consideration of the public. It will receive my approbation and support."

There is, perhaps, less prospect now than in 1841, of the adoption of a national bank by the country, but the plan, by a slight variation, can be adapted to a system of State banking. Free banking under State laws being at present the popular plan, the chief difficulty appears to be to devise some basis for the security of the circulation. A State bank of issue, that should have the exclusive right to issue bills for circulation, and which should be restricted in its dealings to bankers and banks under the general

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