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point. As the telescope with micrometers had not yet arrived at the Cape Observatory, Mr. Fallows had not the means of determining the exact position of these spots. On the evening of the 29th November, the large spot was fully as bright as before, two others were nearly invisible, and the small brilliant spot had disappeared.

Singular contrast between the Winter of 1821-2, in the north of Europe and South America.-No fact in meteorology is more remarkable than the mildness of last winter in the north of Europe and Asia, and its severity in South America. The winter at St. Petersburgh, which is always very severe during four successive months, and continues two months more, so as to last six months, lasted only about a month and a few days. The first snow fell at Christmas, and it disappeared generally on the first day of February. Although the weather in the interior of Russia was colder and more constant than at St. Petersburgh, yet there was no snow, and the frost did not commence till the middle of January. On the 2d March, the Dwina was free of ice at Riga. The winter in Siberia was equally mild. Warm winds prevailed both at Tobolsk and also farther to the north-east. Every where there was no snow. At Beresoff, one of the most northern of these districts, it rained abundantly on the 8th December, a circumstance which had never occurred in the memory of the oldest inhabitants.

Near Buenos Ayres there fell in the month of December, 1821, such a quantity of snow, that the communication between that city and Lima was entirely interrupted. The cold which prevailed in the different parts of South America is a most extraordinary phenomenon, and the inhabitants of Peru and Chili have considered it as a true calamity.

Dr. Fleming's Zoology. We have long regretted the want of a scientific, and at the same time popular view of the leading facts in zoology. On the continent, it is true, some philosophers have published general statements in regard to the facts and reasonings of zoology, but hitherto all the works published in England have afforded but a limited and often incorrect account of the subject. It is, therefore, with much pleasure and satisfaction, that we announce to the public the appearance of a work by Dr. FLEMING, in two volumes octavo, entitled, Philosophy of Zoology, which we have no hesitation in recommending to the particular notice, not only of the professed naturalist, but also of the general reader, as a successful arrangement of the known facts and views of one of the most difficult and interesting branches of natural history. It also contains several ingenious and original views, and many new facts, the result of our author's own extensive researches.

Diffusion of Natron.-The existence of natron in the midst of plains, in the waters of lakes and marshes which cover them, is one of the most interesting facts in geology. It is not in Hungary only that this phenomenon presents itself; we find it every where in the midst of the vast deserts which occur in so many places on the surface of our globe. All that we know of this wis ral production in Egypt, in Arabia, in Persia, in India in Ti.". "ina, in Siberia, in the plains of the Caspian and Bla!

Tat Mexico,

evinces that every where it occurs with the same relations, and in the same circumstances; every where is it found in the midst of sands mixed with marl and clay, and is accompanied with many other salts, of which the most constant is common salt.

Mr. Cavallo seems to have been the first person who found, that red hot iron had a greater power over the magnet than cold iron. Captain Scoresby has more recently determined, that hot iron receives more magnetism of position than the same iron does when cold, a red hot bar producing a deflection of 77o, whereas it was only 15o when cold.

Odessa.—In this town in the year 1792 a hut was not visible, but there are now 40,000 inhabitants; Russians, Germans, French, Greeks, Jews, Americans, and Polanders. A French and an Italian theatre are built, and a lyceum, founded by the Duke of Richelieu, furnishes ample resources to the learned. There are, besides, several schools for law, navigation, and commerce; eight churches, 2000 houses, and numerous public buildings. The harbour is two verstes in length. In summer a number of Russian and Polish families visit Odessa for the purpose of sea-bathing, which is there remarkably convenient and healthy: the population of the environs is rapidly increasing.

The Greek seminary, founded in 1775, by Catherine II. at St. Petersburgh, becomes daily of higher importance; two hundred young Greek and Albanian officers are thus educated; they have twenty; five professors. Besides the military sciences, they are instructed in French, Italian, and German, and when they have completed their education, they may have the choice of a commission in the army, of becoming interpreters at the colleges of St. Petersburgh or Moscow, or of returning to their native country. Among the pupils now educating, there are several youths from Chio, Lesbos, and Naxos.

Fine Arts.—The Duke Albert, of Saxe-Teschen, has left, by a codicil in his own hand-writing, his rich collection of works of art to be possessed entire by a prince of the imperial family. It contains above 300,000 engravings from the very commencement of the art to its present high state of perfection, 82,000 portraits, and above 40,000 original drawings. This is the finest and most extensive collection in Europe.

M. Farkas de Farkasfalva, at Futak, has invented a machine by which a person may plunge to the bottom of the sea, walk at the bottom, work with the hands or feet, ascend easily to the surface, or stop in the middle, without any help; and in this manner remain several days under water, without interruption and without effort. The inventor calls this machine the dolphin, and pretends that it has many advantages over the diving bells.' This machine, which only costs about 90l . and only employs two men, would be useful in shipwrecks

, in regaining any thing dropt into the sea, and in facilitating pearl and coral fishing; an experiment the author made last year at Vienna, in the presence of Count Joseph Esterhazy and other persons of distinction, had the greatest success. To procure this machine, and to

have directions for using it, the inventor at Futak, through Buda, must be applied to.

The Chevalier Theodore Carezzini, a Piedmontese, has invented two kinds of round tables, which he calls geocentric and heliocentric; by which you may, without understanding mathematics, in a little time, perfectly well know the course of the stars, and explain celestial phenomena; you may also, in a few minutes, in the open air, find the meridian line; and in a journey by land, always discover the North.

Mr. Thomas Dale, B. A. of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, author of the "Widow of the City of Nain," is preparing for publication, a new translation of the Tragedies of Sophocles, the object of which has been, to render the various metres of the Greek Tragedian by measures, as nearly corresponding with the original as the genius of the English language will permit. The work will be comprised in two volumes, octavo, and is expected to be ready for publication early in the ensuing spring.

The celebrated Lexicon of Protius, of which an edition was published at Leipzig, from a faulty manuscript, in 1808, is now, for the first time, printing under the auspices of the Society of Trinity College, Cambridge, from the celebrated Codex Galeanus, or rather from a corrected transcript of the Codex Galeanus, made with his own hand by the late Professor Porson. Mr. Dobree, the editor, has collated the MS. and noted all the varieties and corrections; and, by way of appendix, has subjoined a fragment of a rhetoric lexicon from a MS. in the University library.

The Rev. Thomas H. Horne, M. A. has in the press a third edition of his Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, in four volumes, octavo, corrected, and illustrated with numerous maps and fac-similes of biblical manuscripts; it is expect. ed to be ready in the course of November next. At the same time will be published, with one new plate, a small supplement to the second edition, (of which a limited number only will be printed) so arranged as to be inserted in the respective volumes without injury to the binding.

Anatomy of the Brain.-A new periodical work has been just published, entitled, "Anatomical and Physiological Commentaries, by Herbert Mayo, Surgeon and Lecturer on Anatomy." Our readers will here find a translation of Keil's Essay on the Structure of the Brain, which, although scarcely known in this country, appears to possess the highest interest and importance; we are, therefore, glad to see them at length introduced to the English reader.

Homer. After an interval of about twenty years, that magnificent classical work, Tischbein's Illustrations of Homer, from ancient monuments, has been resumed; the Seventh Number, forming the first of a new series, having lately appeared. It contains six subjects, five of which have been only one hitherto published is the celebra here given of the exact

size of the original, a cast having been made expressly for this purpose, and with the utmost exactness. On the interest of such a work, and the value to philology, it is needless to dwell; it is enough to remark, that M. Schorn, the writer of the accompanying text, is in every respect a worthy successor to the illustrious Hayne. The archæological erudition, and the superior taste uniformly displayed, will render this work a most honourable monument of that zeal for classical literature by which Germany has been long distinguished.

Count Cicagnara, the author of the excellent Storia della Scultura, and president of the Academy of Fine Arts at Venice, has published an extensive Catalogue Raisonné of his library, one of the richest in the world in works of engravings and graphic literature. This collection has been enriched with the rarest articles of this description from some of the most distinguished libraries in Europe, for its possessor spared neither pains nor cost in amassing whatever related to the fine arts. The Catalogue is divided into forty sections or classes, and contains remarks on each article, pointing out its rarity, the value of the editions, the merits of its embellishments, &c. &c. all of which render it truly valuable to those who study the bibliography of the fine arts. Under the head of Ingressi, Triørifi, Feste, &c. there are no fewer than 200 articles; and relative to the single subject of ancient and modern Rome, about 300.

Mineralogy.-A work on the science of mineralogy is about to make its appearance in Germany. It is from the pen of Mr. Frederick Mohs, Professor of Mineralogy at Fryberg, and will contain the terminology, the rules of the construction of Mr. Mohs's system, and the nomenclature, the characteristic and the descriptive part of natural history. The whole to be comprised in two volumes octavo, with plates.-An English translation will appear at the same time, made under the inspection of the author, by Mr. Haidinger, who lately visited this country, in company with Count Brenner. From the known celebrity of the Fryberg school, as well as the acknowledged ability of the author, we have reason to expect that this will be a useful work.

Mr. Physick, sculptor, will publish twelve Subjects on Utero-gestation, which he has modelled from the originals of the late Dr. Smellie, and which are now in the possession of H. G. Clough, Esq. These models are coloured from nature, and will be opened for inspection every Monday and Thursday, (commencing the 3d October,) between the hours of two and four, at 23, Spring-street, Portman Square.

A Treatise on Dislocations and Fractures of Joints. By Sir Asiley Cooper, Bart. T.R.S. 4to. With plates.

Dr. John Boron is about to publish, Illustrations of the Inquiry respecting Tuberculous Diseases, with coloured engravings.

Joseph Swan, Esq., has in the press, an Inquiry into the Action of Mercury on the Living Body.

Mr. W. Wallace, Surgeon and Lecturer on Anatomy, is printing a System of General Anatomy, in an 8vo. volume.

INDEX TO VOLUME I.

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A.

Combustible Earthy Matter, 88.
Annals of Philosophy, 184, 229. Cunningham's Mariner's Song, 191.
Academy, Royal, of Sciences, 92, 570.
Anatomy of the Brain, 575.

D.
Armenia, Travels in, 429.

Dancing Snakes of India, 79.
Arsenic, 184.

Davy, Sir H.'s, recommendation for pre-
Abbé Andre's work, 384.

servation from Lightning, 93.
Africa, Journey from Eastern to Western Damp in Walls, 187.
Coast, 518.

Danish Artists at Rome, 480.
Ancient Monuments, 382.

Desportes, Philippe, 475.
Geography, 382.

Defoe's History of the Great Plague, 325.
Atmosphere, Finite extent of, 56.

Life, 191.
Authors, Trading, 175.

Douglas on Missions, 457.

Drunkard, Confessions of a, 134.
B.

Ductilimetre, Description of a, 565.
Blackwood's Magazine, 5, 18, 101, 339,
457, 465.

E.
Bracebridge Hall, 18.

Eggs, Preservation of, 189.
Barometer, Great fall of the, 95. Elba, Visit to, 43.
Barcelona, Yellow Fever at, 334. Earthquakes, Theory of, 287.
Bagdad, 153.

Ecclesiastical Sketches in Verse, 339.
Babylon, 159.

Electric Phenomena, 564.
Brewster's Description of the Monochro- Electro-Magnetic Experiment, 570.
matic Lamp, 93.

Eclectic Review, 29, 497.
Bread; Machine for making, 190. Edinburgh Review, 261, 289.
Bezoars, voided by a Woman, 569. Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, 49, 51,
Bridal Customs of the Irish, 126.

54, 56, 93, 111, 183, 507, 513.
British Critic, 21, 58, 193, 481.

Edinburgh Magazine, 352, 436.
Review, 81, 409.

Entomology, Kirby's, 261.
Bonaparte in Elba, 43.

European Magazine, 74, 429,
St. Helena, 63.

Euphrates, 150.
Blood, Globules of, in different Animals, Egypt, 381,

95.
Books and Reading, Detached Thoughts

F.

Fall of the Leaf, 572.
Buckland, Rev. William's, Account of French Poets, Early, 475.
Fossil Teeth, &c. 229.

Ferdinand Mendez Pinto, Adventures of,

528.
C.

Fresco Painting, 559.
Craniology, 29.

Fish preserved by Sugar, 571.
Catullus, Poems of, 31.

Friendship, 174.
Cannibalism in Sumatra, 51.

Finite extent of the Atmosphere, 56.
Camphor Tree in Sumatra, 53.

Fircher's Life of Klaproth, 548.
Calculus, Large Human, 90.

Fossil Teeth, 229.
Canal Steam Navigation, 94.

Fruits, Green, 185.
Casanova's Adventures in Warsaw,

352.
Cast Iron, Strength of, 566.

G.
Chalk improves Wine, 567.

Grain, Preservation of, 96.
Cement, 90.

Damaged, 384.
Circular Sterns for Ships of War, 111. Ganges, Source of the, 170.
Chimneys, 567.

Grattan's Speeches, 204.
Childhood, 465.

Grates, Portable, 382.
Colouring Matter in Crabs, &c. 288. Glass, 189.
Courts of Love, 116.

Geography of the Ancients, 382.
Confessions of a Drunkard, 134. Green Fire, 568.
VOL. I. No. 6-Museum,

on, 97.

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