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1153. Give the formulæ of several analogous ethyl and potassium compounds.

1154. What occurs when alcohol vapour is passed through a red-hot tube?

1155. How did Berthelot obtain alcohol from inorganic materials? Give other methods.

1156. Seventeen grammes of alcohol are burned completely. Find the volume of carbon dioxide obtained at N.T.P., and also the weight of water produced.

1157. Find the volume of air at N.T.P. required for the complete combustion of 19 c.c. of absolute alcohol at o° C. (S. G. at o° C. 080625). Find also the volumes

=

of the gaseous products.

1158. By the action of potassium on alcohol 1987 c.c. of hydrogen at N.T.P. were obtained. Find the weight of alcohol decomposed and of potassium used.

1159. What is the composition of the substance called propiontrile? How is it prepared, and how would you prepare the body with which it is isomeric?

1160. What is mercaptan, and how is it prepared?

ETHYLENE.

1161. Give several methods for the preparation of ethylene. Represent the reactions by equations.

1162. What is the volume at N.T.P. of 7.89 grammes of ethylene, and what volume of oxygen is required to burn it?

1163. Starting with carbon and hydrogen how may ethylene be prepared?

1164. What occurs when a mixture of ethylene with twice its volume of chlorine is kindled?

1165. How may ethylene be made to combine with chlorine? Give the properties of the compound produced, and sketch the apparatus you would employ to prepare it. 1166. Explain the difference in constitution between ethylene and its isomer ethylidene.

1167. What is glycol? State fully how it is prepared, and what occurs when it is oxidized. Give equations.

1168. What is the action (a) of potassium, (b) of phosphorus pentachloride, (c) of hydrochloric acid, on glycol ?

ACETYLENE.

1169. What occurs when electric sparks are passed

through coal-gas?

collected?

How may the body produced be

1170. How may acetylene be obtained from (a) chloroform, (b) methyl chloride, (c) coal-gas, (d) marsh-gas?

1171. What is the composition of copper acetylide, and how may pure acetylene be obtained from it?

1172. What is the action on acetylene of (a) bromine, (b) nascent hydrogen, (c) sulphuric acid, (d) heated potassium?

GLYCERINE.

1173. Explain the terms mono- di- and trihydric alcohols, and give examples of each.

1174. How is glycerine prepared on the large scale from fats? How is it purified ?

1175. How could you obtain glycerine from the hydrocarbon C,H,?

8

1176. What is the action on glycerine of (a) hydrochloric acid, (6) phosphorus pentachloride, (d) hydriodic acid?

1177. How is glycerine related to (a) propyl glycol, (b) isopropylic alcohol, (c) acrolein and acrylic acid?

ETHERS.

1178. Define the terms ethers and haloid ethers, and give examples of each derived from mono- di- and trihydric alcohols respectively.

1179. Describe fully the so-called continuous process for preparing ether, and give equations for the reactions. How is ether purified?

1180. How may ether be prepared from sodium ethy. late? What are mixed ethers, and how are they prepared?

1181. How would you separate and detect each constitutent in a mixture of alcohol, ether, and water?

1182. What occurs when sodium is dropped into (a) pure ether, (b) ether containing alcohol?

1183. What volume of oxygen is required for the complete combustion of three volumes of ether vapour? Ether vapour is mixed with fifty times its volume of air and exploded, what is the composition of the residual gases

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