ABORIGINES, American treatment
of, contrasted with English, 85,
85; extirpation of, in Tasmania,
346, 349; hostility of English
military to, 349; contempt of the
settlers for, ib.

Acapulco (see Mexico).

Adelaide, climate of, 359, 361;

curious fact relating to wheat
trade, 360; "the farinaceous
village," so called by Victorians,
ib.; character of the buildings,
dress, and people, 560, 361;
pretty suburbs, 361.
Afghanistan, as neutral ground
against Russia, 488-490.
Agra (see India :

Cities).

Mohamedan

Akashi, castle of, 586-588.
Alabama claims, feeling of Ameri-
cans respecting, 211; their opinion
of England's refusal to arbitrate
on the entire question, 211, 212.
Albany, harbour, scenery and
natives of, 368.

Alexandria, French influence in,
560.

Allahabad (see India:-Mohamedan
Cities).

Alleghanies, eastern and western
slopes of, 72.

America, wear and tear of life in,
38, 39; indoor life of children,
ib; unhealthiness of tilling virgin
soil, &c., ib.; politics discarded
by the most intellectual men in
the slave-ruling days, 41; new
map of the States, 51; extension

of United States influence in the
Canadian dominion, 51; insecure
relations between Canada and
United States, 53; Canada a
cause of jealousy in United States
towards Great Britain, 55; splen-
did appropriations for educa-
tional purposes, 63; railways pre-
ceding population, 68; North
America, conformation of, as
compared with other continents,
72; faults of children in, 175,
176; difficulty of forming an
idea of America, 217; apparent
Latinization of, ib; democracy
of, different from that of Aus-
tralia, 316; social difference, ib.
American Desert, the, 94; alkali
dust, 94, 131, 144.

-Union, not likely to fall to
pieces, 80, 192, 247; tendency
of the time to great powers not
small ones, 192; interest of all
the States in union, 192, 193;
real danger from the seizure of
the Atlantic coast cities by the
Irish, 193; shape of North
America, rendering almost im-
possible the existence of distinc-
tive peoples within it, 219.

-opinion of Great Britain,
France, and Russia, 195; of the
Fenians and Irish complaints, 210;
the Alabama claims, 211-213.

-Parties, Republican and
Democratic, 199, 200; Radical
watchfulness needed to guard the
country against great dangers,

201; great issue involved in the
struggle between the parties, ib.
possibility of the future abolition
of the Presidency, 202.
American Sensitiveness to English
opinion, 214; an instance of the
injustice done to Americans during
the war, ib.; their firmness while
the Trent affair was pending, ib.
Ann Arbor institute, men sent by it
to the war, 63; officers returned
to complete their studies, ib.
Artemisia (see Sage-brush.)
Artemus Ward, joke of, to Elder
Stenhouse, 108; in Virginia city,
140.

Asaksa: religious fair at temple of,
581-582.

Athletic sports in United States;
rowing, skating, etc., 38, 39;
cricket, 40.

Atlantic States of America (see
Western States).

Attar of roses (see India :-Um-
ritsur)

Auckland, effect on, of the banana-
tree, 19.

Aurora, in California, 146.
Austin, the pleasures and immuni-
ties of a Western tour, 135;
Chinese quarter of, 135, 136; a
farewell swop," 136.
Australasia, misuse of the term in
England, 286.
Australia (see Coal :

Rival
Colonies); youth of Australia
and their future, 289; climate
of, ib.; eager democracy of,
ib.; different from the repub-
licanism of the United States, ib.
concentration of populations in
towns, 296; poetic native names,
306, 307; seasons in, 307; in-
fluence of towns in government,
314; social differences between
Australia and America, 316;
statesmen of, 317; wines and
vineyards, 343; prospects of, 379;
progress and extent of, ib.; ob-
stacles to the peopling of the
whole of, 380; want of railroads,
ib; small amount of agricultural
land as compared with extent of
territory, 381; moral and intel-

lectual health of, ib.; love of
mirth, and absence of the
American downrightness, &c., in
pursuit of truth, ib.; waste of
food, ib. ; manners, &c., ib.;
dress, ib.; imitation of home
customs, 381, 382; the Univer-
sity of Sydney, 382; its Conser-
vatism as distinguished from the
Radicalisin of the Western Uni-
versities, 383; small freeholds,
gaining on large tenancies, 383;
Australia West (see Convicts).

South, position, climate
and extent of, 359; probability
of becoming the granary of the
Pacific colonies, 360; production
of wheat, 362; the land system,
362, 363; regulated migration,
363; Scotch and German immi-
grants, 365; political life of the
colony, 366; expedition to fix a
new capital for the northern
territory, ib.; possibility that the
north may be found a land of
gold, 367; from South to West
Australia, 367, 368.

BALLARAT (see Victorian Ports).
Ballot (see Tasmania).

Banana-tree, injurious effect of, in
affording food without labour in
the Southern States of America,
Panama, Ceylon, Mexico, Auck-
land, &c., 19; a devil's agent,
ib.; danger to Florida and Louis-
iana, 20.

Benares (see India).
Bendigo (see Sandhurst).

Benicia, former rival of San Fran-
cisco, 174.

Bentham, his philosophy in Utah,

IOL.

Bhawulpore (see India :- Native
States).

Black Mountains (see Rocky Moun-
tains), 93.

Bombay (see India :-Bombay).
Boston, population extremely Irish,
29, 30; brains v. brawn in, 38;
its Elizabethan English and old
English names, 42; its readiness
during the war, 44.

Brannan, the chief mover in re-

pressing disorders by lynch law
in California, 161; his speech to
his fellow-citizens, 163.
Brigham Young, Elder Evans, the

Shaker's" opinion of, 99; a
conversation of three hours with,
100; blessing at parting, ib.;
"Is Brigham sincere?" 100; his
position as a Prophet, while in
fact a utilitarian deist, 101; his
practical revelations, ib.; and
manner of announcing them, ib. ;
his definition of the highest in-
spiration, 102; his position
among his people, ib.; his im-
mense personal influence, 103;
his sons sent out, each to work
his own way in the World, 122.
Brisbane (see Queensland).
British Columbia, proposed sale of,
to the U. States. 51.
Buffalo herds on the plains, 77;
skeletons of, ib.; buffalo tracts,
79; migration, 90; traces in the
Rocky Mountains, 96.
Buller, the (see Hokitika).

CAIRO, dirt and degredation of,
558; slave market, ib.; punish-
ment by selection, 559; mis-
government of the country, 559,
560 (see also French in Egypt).
Calcutta (see India).

California and Nevada, rectification
of frontiers of, 145.

-the terms Golden State and
El Dorado well applied to, 148;
scenery, 151; names given to
places by diggers, 152, 153;
luxury, &c., 154; scenery, 156,
157; duels, 158; Episcopalian-
ism flourishing in, 178; its pros-
pects in the Pacific, ib.; nitro-
glycerine, the nightmare of, 179;
the valley of, 180; position of,
on the overland route to the
Pacific, 189; extent of, ib.;
climate, ib.; coal of, 280.
Californian celebrities, portraits of,
139.
Cambridge, Mass. (see Harvard).
Canada, population mainly French
in Lower Canada, 47; customs
and feelings of old France pre-

served, 48; the only true French
colony in the world guarded by
English troops against inroads of
English race, ib.; newspapers of,
ib.; inactivity of life as compared
with that in New England, ib. ;
infinence of Hudson Bay Co.;
religion and politics, 49; dis-
union of French and Irish
Catholics, 50; French support
of the Confederation scheme, ib. ;
Fenians in, ib.; need of British
Columbia to the Confederation,
ib.; Scotchmen in Upper Canada,
ib.; difficulties in the way of
real confederation, 51, 52; emi-
gration to, 52; size exaggerated
in maps, b.; emigration from,
to the United States, 53; jealousy
of the Canadian States, ib.; their
dislike to America, 54; difficulty
of defending, ib.; protective
duties, ib.; advantages of inde-
pendence, ib.; narrowness
English views respecting, 55;
belief of the Canadians that they
possessed the only possible road
to China for the trade of the
future, 64.

of

an-

Cannibalism amongst the Maories,
276, 277.
Canterbury, New Zealand, Episco-
palian colony, 241, 242; pro-
vince of, divided both politically
and geographically, 242;
tagonism between the Christ-
church people and the diggers,
ib.; dignified Episcopalian char-
acter of Christchurch, 244; its
importation of rooks from Eng-
land to caw in the elm-trees of
the Cathedral close, while
Hokitika imports men, ib.
Canton, high efficiency of Tartar

troops, 604; strained relations
with Hong Kong, 605.
Capital, future, of the United States,
73.

Carolina, North, 5.

Carolina, South, probable future of
negro in, 20.

Cartier, early explorer, 64.
Cashmere (see India :-Colonization
and Native States).

Caste, assailed by railways and tele-
graph, 417, 418; difficulty of
discovering the opinion of a
Hindoo, 425; British ignorance
of the real feeling of the people,
426; census as viewed by the
Hindoos, ib. ; its revelations with
respect to caste and "callings,"
427; beggars, 428; superstition,
ib; a play at demonology, 428,
429; the praying wheel, 429; a
saint's privileges in the days of
the Emperor Akbar, ib.; strength
of caste, 431; missionaries and
Hindoo reformers, ib.; more a
custom than a form of religion,
431, 432; Hindoo deists, ib.;
Christians, 433; different posi-
tion of native Catholics and Pro-
testants, ib. ; fewness of native
Christians, ib. ; infanticide, 434;
remarkable changes in the last
few years, 435; progress of the
spirit of Christianity, ib.
Catholicism (see Religion).
Caucus, King, 205; Americans, on
the derivation of the term, 206.
Cawnpore (see India :-)
-Mohamedan
Cities).
Cemeteries, Hollywood, Richmond,

13; Lone Mountain Cemetery in
California, the most beautiful in
America, 173; other American
cemeteries, ib.

Census, curious results of, in India,
427-435.

Centre, government from the, 70;

ancient and modern views of, 70,
71; centre of the United States,
72.

Ceylon (see Kandy).
Ceylon, harbour of Point de Galle,

396; the streets of Point de
Galle, ib.; women and men of,
ib.; mixture of races, 397;
American missionaries, quaint
humour of, ib.; beggars, ib.;
gem and jewel sellers, trade in
precious stones, ib.; British
soldiers in white, 398; heat at
night, ib.; the morning gun, 399;
character of the Cinghalese, ib. ;
translucent water, and brilliance

of colour at the bottom, 400; a

Cinghalese dinner, ib.; a stage-
coach ride to Colombo, ib. ; aspect
of the fine road, crowded with all
ranks of the people, 401; one
continuous village, ib.; dense
population and food of the people
on the coast, ib.; Colombo, 402;
trees and foliage, ib.; a garden
scene, ib.; Fort, or European
town of, ib.; the most graceful
street in the world, ib.; the peak
where Adam mourned his son a
hundred years, ib.; Ceylon Coffee
Company's Establishment, 403;
steam factory, ib.; French Catho-
lic priests, ib.; their success, ib.;
the old Dutch quarter, 404; rapid
changes from heat to cold, ib.
Chaudière Falls (Ottawa), 56.
Cheyennes (see Indians).

Chicago (see San Francisco and Chi-
cago, &c.).

Chickahominy, the, scene of M'Clel-
lan's defeat, 9.

China, prejudicial influence of
foreigners in, 591; policy of sup-
porting the central government
and integrity of the empire, 591,
592; injudicious behaviour of
missionaries, 592; London Mis-
sionary Society, 592, 593; transit
dues difficulties, 593-595; the in-
land residence dispute, 595, 596;
liberal interpretation of treaties
by, ib.; show adoption of Euro-
pean civilization by, as compared
with Japan, 596, 597; due mainly
to the magnitude of the change
and congested state of the country,
598; the Yunan affair, 598, 599;
opening of coal mines, 599; En-
glish action in trade matters
hampered by other powers, ib.;
climate of Hong Kong, 600;
Coolie traffic, 601; export
trade to, will soon cease, 602;
abolition of English mint at Hong
Kong, 602, 603; dollars, 603;
Canton, 604; strained relations
of Canton and Hong Kong, 605,
605; the future of Hong Kong,
606; Chinese coolies in the
Southern States of America, 19;
first seen at Austin, 135; "one

man and a Chinaman," 182; a
Chinese theatre, ib.; peculiarity
of its drama, ib.; the second
month and third act of the play,
183; a Chinese restaurant, 184;
saucer and chopsticks for the
Author, ib.; Chinese supper, ib.;
gaming-houses, 185; Chinese in-
dustry and cleanliness, ib.; simi-
larity of faces common to all
coloured races, ib.; benevolent
societies, 186; wealth of mer-
chants, ib.; prejudice against, on
the part of the Americans, as
also on that of the Australians,
186, 187; Chinese expostulations
against the prejudice, 187; cow-
ardice of, ib.; practical slavery
of, in California, ib; the Irish of
Asia, ib.; capability for work,
ib.; the serious side of the Chinese
problem, 188.

Chinese, first arrival among, 136;
in California, 151; a tiny Chinese
theatre, 152; as taxpayers, ib.;
at Melbourne, 296 ; at Sandhurst,
302; anti-Chinese mobs, ib. ; un-
just treatment of, 303; marriage
between, and Irish women, ib. ;
character of, as citizens in Aus-
tralia, ib.; restaurants of, 304;
in the Australian labour-market,
331, 332, 336, 337.
Churches (see Religion).
Cinnabar (see Quicksilver).
Civilization, limits of, Westward,
74; coaching between Virginia
City and Placerville, 146.
Coal in United States, 71, 72; in
connection with San Francisco's
future, 190; in Vancouver Island,
Chili, and New South Wales,
279; in New Zealand, 279, 280;
in China, Borneo, California,
280; Tasmania, Japan, New
South Wales, Vancouver Island
and Saghalien, 281; in New
South Wales, 294, 295; its im-
portance to Australia, 294 ; value
to Sydney, 295; mines in For-
mosa and China, 599.
Coalville, the Mormon Newcastle,
98.

Cocoa-nut tree, 19.

Cocoas, Island of, kingdom of John
Ross, 395.
Coffee (see Kandy).
Colonial Government (see Squatter
and Democracy).

Colonies, taxation of England in aid
of wealthy, 385, 386; of Canada,
386; exclusion of English produc-
tions from, ib.; cost to England,
ib.; refusal of the, to contribute
towards the cost of Imperial wars,
ib.; readiness of the old American
colonists to do so, ib. ; position of
Imperial soldiers in the colonies,
387; absurdity of supposing that
the Australians would be in dan-
ger if separated from England,
388; our defence of, necessarily
of least value when most needed,
ib.; and really a source of weak-
ness to the Colonies, ib. ; separa-
tion no loss to England, 389;
trade with Canada and with the
United States of America, ib.;
with Egypt, ib.; question of the
outlet for population, 389, 390;
strength of great and small
states, 390; colonies preventing
the insularity of mind that might
belong to a nation of a limited
area, ib.; separation not to be
desired if union can be continued
on fair terms to the mother land,
and with advantage to the
colonies, 391.

Coloradan farm, 79; a Coloradan
boast, 82; Coloradan "boys," a
fine handsome race, 92; strange
insects, ib.; criminals, 114, 115;
prison inspection, 115.
Colorado, rival Governors of, 80;
great idea of Gilpin the Pioneer,
ib.; extent and beauty of country,
89-91; cattle breeding,
red rocks of, 93; Upper Colorado
or Green River, 95; lynch law
in, 170.

92;

Columbo (see Ceylon, Maritime).
Columbus in Nebraska, claims of,
as the seat of Government, 71,
73.
Conservative, Colonial, what is a,
309.

Convicts (see Tasmania), settlement