COU

Councillors, had power to arrest
during period of government by
councils,' 1. 93

Councils, government by, 1. 88
Counsel (legal) to public depart-
ments, their presence in House of
Commons, 11. 329, 615
County families, influence of, 1. 34.
See also Governing families

court judges, appointment and
removal of, 1. 585; 11. 812, 875
-financial boards, proposed adop-
tion of, 11. 379

Courts of law, origin of, 1. 63; how
they are established, 570
Courts-martial, precedents of parlia-
mentary enquiry into sentences of,
1. 531, 538; papers concerning,
refused to Parliament, 539
Credit, votes of, 1. 757; 11. 550
'Cries' at the hustings, ii. 511
Crimean war, i. 47; enquiries into,
540-542; dissensions arising out
of the, 11. 280-282
Cromwell, his government, 1. 100;
ii. 94, 105

Crown (the): powers to be exercised
through ministers, 1. 3; and the
House of Commons, obsolete pre-
rogatives of, 6; and House of
Lords, ancient rights though dor-
mant not disallowed, 7; necessity
for strengthening its influence in
Parliament, 19, 24; effects of demo-
cratic reform in Parliament on, 23;
advisers of the, 59; its acts to be
authenticated by ministers, 83;
powers of, under Henry VIII., 89;
cannot take notice of business
depending in Parliament, 117;
waning authority of the, 136;
ought not to maintain, for a length
of time, a government against will
of the House, 211; distinction
between lands granted by state and
private property of the, 350 n. ;
and foreign powers, intercourse
between, 355; doubtful if territory
may be ceded by the, without
consent of Parliament, 372; and
the issue of orders in council, 457;
may not add to, alter, or dispense
with any law, 459; patronage,
622; absolute power of, to dismiss
public servants, 629-631, 635;
taxation initiates with the, 710;

DEP

may not receive gifts or loans
without consent of Parliament,
724; debts due to the, how re-
mitted, 725, 730; communication
of, with the cabinet, 11. 247; rights
of access to, 248; political neutra-
lity of the, 249; may mediate
between contending parties, 250;
but not to encroach on indepen-
dence of Parliament, 251; intro-
duction of Bills affecting rights of
the, 366; relinquishment of any
part of its dominions, 1. 372; acqui-
sition of new territory, Ib.; cannot
itself establish new courts of law,
11. 853; property and taxation,
588-591. See also Sovereign,
Ministers, Parliament, Preroga-
tive, Palaces

Cumulative voting, 1. 27
Cunard mail contracts, 1. 492
Curia Regis, 1. 60, 63

Customs' officers, their exercise of the
franchise, 1. 632; their remunera-
tion, 680, 684

DANISH claims, case of, 1. 706
Darling, General, case of, i. 537
Dartmouth College, case of, 1. 607
Dawkins, Lieut.-Col., case of, 1. 531 n.
Deacles, the Messrs., case of, 1. 581
Debates, prejudicial, should not be

allowed, i. 441; importance of
full, and free discussion, 11. 379;
practice regulating their continu-
ance, 400; s. o. relating to, 917,
918. See also Language (in de-
bates)

Debts, due to the Crown, how re-

mitted, 1. 725, 730; unfunded, 738
Decorations, rule for foreign, 1. 590
Defeat of ministers, see Ministers
Deficiency Bills, 11. 11

Delegate, a member is not a, ii. 511
Democracy, articles on, 1. 21 n.
Democratic reform, effects of, on the
crown in Parliament, 1. 23
Denmark, invasion of, 1. 371
Departmental audit, 11. 51

regulations, i. 464; discussed in
Parliament, 482
Departments, government by, 1. 161;
11. 151, 169; committees of, 1. 431;
11. 450; complaints in Parliament

DER

over abuses in, 215; cases of
differences between various, 238;
political chiefs of, 297; proposals
for creation of additional depart-
ments of State, 299; should be re-
presented in both Chambers, 301,
309, 310; standing counsel to,
329; their constitution and func-
tions, 522. See also Parliament,
Public officers
Derby, Lord, his administrations, 1.
219, 228, 236; on the influence of
the sovereign, 313
Despatches, when communicated, or
withheld from Parliament, 1. 358,
368, 439-443; etiquette concern-
ing, 359; papers, &c., submitted
to the sovereign, 11. 265, 266;
not to be quoted unless made
public, 430

Dickson v Combermere, 1. 347, n.;
498, 530

Differences between

ministers or
public departments, how settled,
11. 237; injurious effects of, 239;
dissensions in the cabinet, 276
Diocesan synods in England, 1. 505;
in the colonies, 512
Diplomacy, language of, 11. 626
Diplomatic service, 11. 632.
Foreign Office
Director of artillery, 11. 751

See

general of army medical de-
partment, ii. 752

general of military education,
11. 753

of intelligence division, 11. 752
Discussion, advantages of free, 11.
379

Disembodied militia, estimates, 1.
739

Dismissals from commissions of the
peace, i. 582 n.

Dispensing power of the crown, 1.

459

Disraeli, Right Hon. B., administra-
tion of, 1. 238, 258
Dissolution, when the prerogative
of, may be advised or opposed, 1.
207, 229, 231, 232, 239, 240, 251;
11. 503-509; cases of, 1. 253-258;
threats of, unconstitutional, 11.
503; not necessary previous to
legislation upon organic changes,
507; interference of Parliament
with a, 510. See also Ministers

ELE

Divisions, s.o. relating to, 11. 919
Dockyard labourers, 1. 683; works,
771

Douglas, Lord, case of, 1. 680
Duels, with or between cabinet
ministers, 11. 279 n.

Dundonald, Lord, case of, 1. 585
Duty on certificates, Bill to reduce,
1. 715; on advertisements, motion
to reduce, Ib.; on paper and hops,
716; on fire insurance, 717; on
railway passengers, 719; on malt
tax, 720; on male servants, 721;
new rates of, 793; when collected,
Ib.; how levied, 794; on spirits,
1b.; on foreign commodities, 795.
See also Taxation

EAST INDIA, see India
Ecclesiastical, prerogative in mat-
ters, 1. 501

commission, 11. 308

Edmunds, Mr. L., case of, 1. 685 n.
Education, in Ireland, 1. 426; mu-
tilation of inspectors' reports of,
444; committee of privy council
of, regulations and functions, 465–
469; ii. 689; minutes of commit-
tee of, to be laid before Parlia-
ment, 1. 465; how submitted to the
House of Commons, 468; proposed
minister for, 11. 299, 703; expen-
diture for, 690; report of educa-
tion commission (1861), lb. ; com-
position of committee, 692; its
functions, 693; position and duties
of president, 696; of the vice-
president, 698; preparation of
minutes of council of committee
of, 700; appropriations for, 701;
recommendations for appointment
of a minister of, 703; Sir J. Pack-
ington's report on, 704; conscience
clause, 705

Edward the Confessor, laws of, 1. 56
Elections, interference of peers at,
1. 11; prosecutions for misconduct
at, 575; complaints against minis-
ters of the crown for misconduct,
ii. 473. See also Bribery, Public
officers

Electric Lighting Act (1882),
powers of the Board of Trade in
respect to the, i. 475

ELI

Elizabeth, Queen, government of,
and her Parliament, 1. 93, 94
Ellenborough, Lord Chief Justice,
case of, 11, 196, 198
Elphinstone, Lord, case of, 1. 534
Emigration, office of information
for, 11. 647

Endowed Schools Act, report of
committee, 1. 477

Endowments, Parliament the su-
preme trustee of, 1. 472
Engledue, Lieut., case of, 1. 674
Enquiry, proceedings of court of, not
to be laid before Parliament, 1.
531, 538

Episcopal Church in Canada, 1. 512
Epping and Hainault Forests, 11. 302
Erroneous convictions, 1. 585-588
Established Church, see Church of
England

Estates of the realm, of whom com-
posed, 1. 66
Estimates, presentation of, 1. 739-
742; supplementary, 740, 742;
civil service, 743, 750; prece-
dents of efforts to submit, to a
select committee, 744–746; 11. 78;
precedents of motions to reduce,
i. 746-748; classification of, 749,
751; contents of, 749; contain few
aids to private charities, 750; for
a full account of the civil service,
750 n.; for British Museum, 751;
portion of, voted on account in
unexpected emergencies, 758;
public expenditure in excess of,
766, 768; ministers charged with
moving, 11. 461-463; preparation
of the, 547–550. See Supply,

Votes
Evidence given by public officials in
court, 1. 498

Excesses of expenditure over grants,
how provided for: army and
navy services, 11. 40; civil ser-
vices, 46
Exchequer, gross receipts to be paid

into the, 1. 734; bills, 785 n.,
786; 11. 579; control, 2-27; func-
tions of the, 3, 4; united with the
audit office, 6, 49; powers of the,
4; receipt of money by, 7; irregu-
larities caused by neglect of con-
trol, 10: custody of money, Ib.;
issue of money by the, 8; grants
of credit on the, 9; controls the

FIT

issue but not expenditure of
money, 14

Exchequer and audit department, 11.
564-582

Executive authority, abuse of, 1.
456; limits to, 457. See Ministers
legislation, control of, by Parlia-
ment, 1. 470. See also Ministerial,
Ministers
Ex-ministers, see Responsibility of
ex-ministers; Chancellor, Lord
High
Expenditure: resolution or address
of House in favour of special grant
of, 1. 699; must originate in com-
mittee of supply, 700; motions
for reduction of, 746; precedents,
746-748; unauthorised, difficulties
of sometimes controlling, 11. 15;
remedy against, Ib.; unforeseen,
16; cases where government has
assumed responsibility of incurring,
without previous sanction of Par-
liament, 17-19; funds from which
they are defrayed, 19; increasing
strictures regarding, 23; extra,
requires Treasury sanction, 34;
excess of, attention of Parliament
should be directed to, 66.
also Revenue
Explanations by ministers, 11. 486-

491

Extra receipts, 11. 24, 25 n., 76
Eyre, Governor, case of, 1. 554

See

FEES, public, collection and audit
of, 11. 50, 75. See also Extra
receipts

Fenianism, information withheld on,
1. 440

Fennelly's case, 1. 568
Finance, accounts, 11. 72 n.
committees, 11. 67-78

Financial, measures, time allowed
to consider, 1. 792; contracts and
loans, 796; operations of govern-
ment, modified by Parliament,
precedents of, 799; propositions
included in a Bill, 815. See also
Budget, Supply

Fire insurance, motion to reduce duty
on, 1. 717

Fitzwilliam, Earl, dismissal of, 1.
634; 11. 271

-

- policy, censure of, 1. 37; Parlia-
ment should be informed of, 355;
advantages of this, 356; objec-
tions of, to its publicity on part
of foreign governments, 356; con-
trolled by Parliament, Ib.; the
opposition in relation to, 11. 416;
leading features of, 622

powers, and the crown, inter-
course between, 1. 355; preroga-
tive in relation to, 351; interfer-
ence in domestic concerns of, 373;
discussions in Parliament thereon,
379; etiquette observed towards
foreign princes, 360; 11. 361. See
also Negotiations, Parliament,
Treaties, Foreign Office
secretary, the, 11. 620
Foreshores, 11. 798

Forestal inclosures, 1. 436; 11. 302
Forests, Office of Woods and, 11.
595-598

Fortifications, on the coast, pro-
ceedings in Parliament concerning,
1. 426, 460, 493, 769; 11. 451
Fourdrinier's patent case, 1. 692 n.
Fox and Grenville Ministry, 1. 121,
123, 154

Fox, Mr. Justice, case of, 11. 862–864
France, democratic institutions in,
1. 21

Franchise, evils of enlarging, 1. 21,

22; exercise of, by civil servants,
632, 634. See also Public officers,
Reform

Freeman, Mr., article on origin of
representation, 1. 51 n.

French government, despatch from,
on right of asylum, 1. 227
Frost, Williams, and Jones, case of,
1. 564, 567

Fulford and Wellstead, case of, 1.
574 n.

Funds, deficiency of, 11. 11; in the

GOV

hands of paymaster-general, used
as one balance, 13
Furniture for public offices, &c., 11.591

GALLEY, W., case of, 1. 586 n.
Galway postal contracts, 1. 492, 776,
779-782

General warrants, legality of, 1. 494
Geological survey of the United King-
dom, 11. 710

George I., as a sovereign, 1. 276; per-
sonal acts of, 276, 277

-

-

- II., as a sovereign, 1. 276; per-
sonal acts of, 277-279

-

III., his character and conduct, 1.
112, 279, 312; 11. 249; his per-
sonal influence, 1. 124; his friends
as advisers, 114;-they formed a
distinct party, 115; shaped his own
policy, 121; quarrel with his min-
isters, 123; mental malady and
proceedings on, 147, 339-342; per-
sonal acts of, 279-283

- IV., character of, 1. 126; as a
sovereign, 127, 283; 11. 249
'Gerrymandering,' 1. 28 n.
Gidley v. Palmerston, 1. 499
Gifts or loans to crown or depart-
ment of state illegal without con-
sent of Parliament, 1. 724
Gladstone, Right Hon. W. E., article
on first Reform Act, 1. 20 n.; ad-
ministrations of, 246, 258; remarks
on expedition of public business,
478; his budgets, 804; on sove-
reign's right to take friendly coun-
sel, 11. 262, 263

Goderich, Lord, his administration,
1. 179; never met Parliament, 182;
cause of retirement, 255; his re-
moval from Colonial Office, 11. 279
Governing families, their influence,
1. 12, 34, 125, 132. See also Whig
families

Government, parliamentary, defined,
1. 1; by prerogative, effect of, 4;
importance of a strong, 19; by
councils, when ended, 94; by de-
partments, 11. 151, 169

- annuities, 11. 602

bills, based on general resolutions,
11. 385

See

business, s.o. concerning, 11. 915
- days, order of business on.
Standing Orders

GOV

Government measures, 11. 368-394;
motions of members affecting, 375
- orders, 11. 398

- and taxation, 11. 588-591

- stores, sale of, 1. 645; parliamen-
tary control over, 725; not per-
mitted to give away stores, Ib.
See also Departments, Parliament,
Prerogative, Sovereign
Governor of Victoria, correspondence
relating to recall of, 1. 577 n. See
also Colonial governors
Grafton administration, 11. 166
Grand Remonstrance, 1. 97
Grant, resolutions and address for a

special, 1. 699-701; the House
may increase a special, 702; a
permanent, 737

Grant, Captain, case of, 1. 709
Great Council, under the Norman
kings, 1. 60, 65; revival of, by
Charles I., 73
Great Seal, see Seal

Green, Rev. Mr., case of, 1. 569
Grenville administration, 1. 121,
155, 254; ii. 164

Grey, second Earl, his administra-
tion, 1. 188

----

third Earl, his suggestions on
parliamentary reform, i. 26; plan
of, to strengthen the ministry in
Parliament, 31; ii. 337; on the
office of sovereign, 1. 313; sugges-
tions concerning Privy Council,
11. 683

Sir W., case of, 11. 110
Gross receipts, to be paid into the
exchequer, 1. 734; brought under
more immediate control of Parlia-
ment, 734-737
Gurney, Baron, case of, 1. 580

HALL'S case of pardon, 1. 563 n.
Hampden, case of Rex v. Hampden,
1. 458

Hanover, pension to King of, 1. 681
Hanoverian dynasty, 1. 111
Harbour at Holyhead, 1. 437
Harbours of refuge, 1. 433
Hardwicke, Lord, refused to affix

great seal to treaties when re-
quired by George III. to do so, 1.
107
Hartlepool Railway Company, 1. 603
Havens, Mr., case of, 1. 582 n.

INC

Heathcote v. North Staffordshire
Railway Company, 1. 606 n.
Mr., case of, i. 673

Holt, King v. Parsons, 1. 554 n.
Holyhead harbour, report of com-
mittee on, 1. 437

Home secretary, office of the, 11.
466, 615-620

Honours, prerogative in granting,
1. 589-597; not necessarily at
instigation of ministers, 589;
proceedings in Parliament in re-
Ïation to, 590

Hop duty, motion to reduce, 1. 716
Horse-racing, grants for encourage-
ment of, 11. 851 n.

House of Commons, introduction of
the king's ministers therein, 1. 9,
110; 11. 105; representation of
the crown, aristocracy, and com-
monalty in the, 1. 9, 13; its pre-
sent position and power, 43; its
origin, 67; its growth in power,
71, 74, 79; when separated from
the Lords, 71; its state after the
revolution, 11. 101; increasing
difficulty of controlling it, 1. 132;
11. 397; is a council of control and
advice, 1. 164; not to interfere
with the crown in nomination of
its servants, Ib.; sanctions trans-
fers of surplus grants for military
and naval expenditure, 11. 40; duty
of the, to see to adjustment of
public accounts, 47; should adjust
accounts of all public expenditure,
47, 65; cannot alter the law by a
mere resolution, 1. 408; criminal
complaint can be preferred and
proceeded upon originally in the, ii.
863. See also Commons, Judges,
Leader, Lords, Ministers, Parlia-
ment, Reform
Household (royal), appointment of
members of, 1. 290-294; removal
of officers of, 291; their presence
in Parliament, 11. 296; officials of
the, 851

Hume, Mr. Joseph, as an economical
reformer, 1. 762

IMPEACHMENT of ministers, 1.

108
Inclosure Commissioners, powers of,
1. 470, 474