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A Committee on Foreign Affairs.-March 13, 1822.
A Committee on the Territories.-Dec. 13, 1825. f
A Committee on Revolutionary Pensions.-Dec. 9, 1825.
A Committee on Invalid Pensions.-Jan. 10, 1831.

A Committee on Railways and Canals.-April 9, 1869.
A Committee on Mines and Mining.-Dec. 19, 1865.

A Committee on Education and Labor.-March 21, 1867.

A Committee on the Revision of the Laws.-July 25, 1868.

To con sist
of eleven
members
each.
(March 3,
1873.)

A Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds.-March 10, 1871.
A Committee on Patents.-Sept. 15, 1837.

A Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures.-Jan. 21, To consist of seven 1864; March 2, 1867.

A Committee of Accounts.-Nov. 7, 1804. g
A Committee on Mileage.-Sept. 15, 1837.

S

members.

To consist of five members each.

[Prior to the revision of the rules, in March, 1860, it was provided that the standing committees should be appointed at the commencement of each session. At the said revision the Committee on Engraving was abolished, and its duties transferred to the House members of the Committee on Publić Printing. (See Rule 100.) Originally the Committee of Claims was charged with revolutionary and land claims, and all sorts of pensions. On the 22d December, 1813, the duties of that committee were divided, and a committee was appointed called the Committee on Pensions and Revolutionary Claims. On the 9th of December, 1825, a separate committee on Revolutionary Pensions was created, leaving the business of Invalid pensions to the committee created on the 22d December, 1813. On the 13th December, 1825, four days after its institution, the designation of the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions was changed to the Committee on Military Pensions, and it was charged with both revolutionary and invalid pensions. On the 10th January, 1831, the Committee on Military Pensions became the present Committee on Revolutionary Pensions, and an additional committee was created called the Committee on Invalid Pensions; and the pension business was apportioned to the two committees, as set out in the duties assigned to the committees.]

(a.) [This committee was originally a Committee on Commerce and Manufactures. On the 8th December, 1819, a Committee on Manufactures was constituted, but no duties have been assigned to that committee in the Rules.] (b.) [The 3d of January, 1805, was the first time at which it was proposed to appoint a Committee on Public Lands. The proposition was then made by Mr. John Boyle, of Kentucky, and was rejected. On the 17th December, 1805, the committee was constituted for the first time. Previous to that day the business relating to the lands of the United States was either sent to the Committee of Claims or to a select committee, and frequently in parts to both.]

(c.) [From the earliest stages of the government a select committee was annually raised upon the subject of "the Post Office and Post Roads," and was always composed of a member from each State. A standing committee was instituted on the 9th November, 1808, and, like the select committees,

RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

121

was directed to be composed of a member from each State. On the 23d December, 1811, it was directed to be composed of the same number of members as the other standing committees.]

(d.) [When the Committee on Private Land Claims was first constituted it was composed of five members-two less than the other committees. On the 19th December, 1817, it was directed to be composed of seven members.] (e.) [There are no duties assigned to the Committees on Manufactures, Agriculture, and Indian Affairs, in the Rules.]

(f.) [By Rule 162 the Speaker is directed to appoint one of the Delegates an additional member of the said committee. So also as to the Committees on Indian Affairs, Mines and Mining, and Public Lands.]

(g.) [The Committee of Accounts was first constituted as a select committee on the 7th of November, 1804. It was made a standing committee December 17, 1805.]

75. It shall be the duty of the Committee of Elections to examine and report upon the certificates of election, or other credentials, of the members returned to serve in this House, and to take into their consideration all such petitions and other matters touching elections and returns as shall or may be presented or come into question, and be referred to them by the House.-November 13, 1789; November 13, 1794.

76. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Appropriations to take into consideration all executive communications and such other propositions in regard to carrying on the several departments of the government as may be presented and referred to them by the House.-March 2, 1865. In preparing bills of appropriations for other objects, the Committee on Appropriations shall not include appropriations for carrying into effect treaties made by the United States; and where an appropriation bill shall be referred to them for their consideration, which contains appropriations for carrying a treaty into effect, and for other objects, they shall propose such amendments as shall prevent appropriations for carrying a treaty into effect being included in the same bill with appropriations for other objects.-March 2, 1865.

77. It shall also be the duty of the Committee on Appropriations, within thirty days after their appointment, at every session of Congress, commencing on the first Monday of December, to report the general appropriation bills-September 14, 1837-for legislative, executive, and judicial expenses; for sundry civil expenses; for consular and diplomatic expenses; for the Army; for the Navy; for

the expenses of the Indian department; for the payment of invalid and other pensions; for the support of the Military Academy; for fortifications; for the service of the Post-Office Department, and for mail transportation by ocean steamers; or, in failure thereof, the reasons of such failure. And said committee shall have leave to report said bills (for reference only) at any time.-March 2, 1865. In all cases where appropriations cannot be made specific in amount, the maximum to be expended shall be stated, and each appropriation bill, when reported from the committee, shall, in the concluding clause, state the sum total of all the items contained in said bill.-March 15, 1867.

[By the rule of September 14, 1837, the general appropriation bills were declared to be the "civil and diplomatic," "Army," "Navy," and "Indian." The present enumeration includes all that in the recent practice of the House have been treated as general appropriation bills. The authority to the Committee of Ways and Means to report said bills at any time (for reference) was first conferred on the 19th March, 1860; and when the duty of reporting the appropriation bills was imposed upon the Committee on Appropriations, like authority was conferred on the latter committee. By Rule 119 these bills may, at any time, by a majority vote, be made special orders.] 78. It shall be the duty of the Committee of Claims to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things touching claims and demands on the United States as shall be presented, or shall or may come in question, and be referred to them by the House; and to report their opinion thereupon, together with such propositions for relief therein as to them shall seem expedient.-November 13, 1794.

79. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Commerce to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things touching the commerce of the United States as shall be presented, or shall or may come in question, and be referred to them by the House; and to report from time to time their opinion thereon.-December 14, 1795.

ures.

[This committee was originally a Committee on Commerce and ManufactOn the 8th December, 1819, a separate Committee on Manufactures was constituted, and the duties of the original Committee on Commerce and Manufactures have been confirmed, as above, by leaving out the words "and Manufactures." There are no duties assigned in these rules to the Committee on Manufactures.]

80. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Public Lands to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things

be referred to them by the House; and t thereon, together with such propositions hem shall seem expedient.-January 27, 180 of each month, from the hour of 2 o'clock p. nt of that day, shall, when claimed by the Co et of Columbia, be devoted exclusively to said committee; and said committee shall he the Speaker in the regular call of committee

be the duty of the Committee on the Judiciary ration such petitions and matters or things t eedings as shall be presented, or may come in o red to them by the House; and to report their gether with such propositions relative thereto as expedient.-June 3, 1813.

all be the duty of the Committee on War-Claims eration all such petitions and matters or things t wing out of any war in which the United States 1 and to report their opinion thereupon, together w ns for relief therein as to them shall seem expe 2, 1873.

r to the organization of this committee, the business now r considered mainly by the Committee of Claims.]

shall be the duty of the Committee on Public Exper

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to examine into the state of the several public departments, and particularly into laws making appropriations of money, and to report whether the moneys have been disbursed conformably with such laws; and also to report from time to time such provisions and arrangements as may be necessary to add to the economy of the departments and the accountability of their officers.-February 26, 1814.

[See note to Rule 74. And further: on the 30th March, 1816, six Committees on Expenditures in the several Departments of the Government were created and added to the list of standing committees. On the 16th March, 1860, a Committee on Expenditures in the Interior Department was created. The duties assigned to the several committees would seem entirely to cover the duties of the Committee on Expenditures.] (See Rules 102 and 103.) 86. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Private Land-Claims to take into consideration all claims to land which may be referred to them, or shall or may come in question; and to report their opinion thereupon, together with such propositions for relief therein as to them shall seem expedient.-April 29, 1816.

87. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Military Affairs to take into consideration all subjects relating to the military establishment and public defense which may be referred to them by the House, and to report their opinion thereupon; and also to report, from time to time, such measures as may contribute to economy and accountability in the said establishment.-March 13, 1822.

88. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Militia to take into consideration and report on all subjects connected with the organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia of the United States. December 10, 1835.

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89. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Naval Affairs to take into consideration all matters which concern the naval establishment, and which shall be referred to them by the House, and to report their opinion thereupon; and also to report, from time to time, such measures as may contribute to economy and accountability in the said establishment.-March 13, 1822.

90. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Foreign Affairs to take into consideration all matters which concern the relations of the United States with foreign nations, and which shall be referred to them by the House, and to report their opinion on the same.March 13, 1822.

91. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Territories to

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