Inferior courts. Phacies, &c. Declare war and make captures. Raise armies. Navy. Rules and articles of war. Call out militia. Organize and gov. ern militia. tion over seat of government. ARTICLE L To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court; To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations; To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water; To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years; To provide and maintain a navy; To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions; To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States reOfficers of militia. spectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; Exclusive legisla- To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines; arsenals, dockdocks, yards, and other needful buildings;—and over forts, And arsenals, C. posed on such importation, not exceeding te llars for each person. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpu all not be suspended, unless when in cases ebellion or invasion the public safety may re uire it. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law sha be passed. No capitation, or other direct tax shall be laid unless in proportion to the census or enumera tion hereinbefore directed to be taken. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles ex ported from any State. No preference shall be given by any regula tion of commerce or revenue to the ports of on State over those of another nor shall vessel bound to, or from, one State, be obliged t enter, clear, or pay duties in another. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of appropriations made b law; and a regular statement and account of th ARTICLE L To be published. receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. No nobility. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States; and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the Foreign presents consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign State. and titles. Powers denied to the States. Other powers denied to States. Further denial of powers to States. SECTION X. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws: and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. titled in the Congress: but no Senator or Re sentative, or person holding an office of tru r profit under the United States, shall be a ointed an elector. The electors shall meet in their respecti States, and vote by ballot for two persons, vhom one at least shall not be an inhabitant the same State with themselves. And they sh make a list of all the persons voted for, and the number of votes for each; which list th shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed the seat of the government of the United State directed to the President of the Senate. President of the Senate shall, in the presence the Senate and House of Representatives, op all the certificates, and the votes shall then counted. The person having the greatest nu ber of votes shall be the President, if such nu ber be a majority of the whole number of ele tors appointed; and if there be more than o T choose if electors fail. who have such a majority, and have an equal Representatives to number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President; and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall n like manner choose the Votes by States. President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors, shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice President.* The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes; which day shall be the same throughout the United States. Vice President. Election and meeting of electors. Qualifications Removal, death, &c., of President. of No person except a natural-born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligble to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to * This clause of the Constitution has been amended. See twelfth article of the amendments, page 31 |