remark, since it has been found necessary to follow the same example in the more recent repairs of the cathedral.

THE BUILDING itself has been, thus described. In the middle rose a tower upon massy pillars, and having a gilt cherub on a pinnacle, whence it had the name of the angel steeple. Westward from this tower was the nave, supported on each side by eight pillars, and terminated at the west end by two lofty towers with gilt pinnacles. There were also transepts north and south of the centre tower, and a choir with side aisles raised many steps above the rest of the church. There were richly ornamented porticos and altars; and the furniture with the vestments were of corresponding splendour. Archbishop Lanfranc was succeeded by Anselm, during whose prelacy the work of restoration was still carried on under the direction of Prior Conrad, whose taste and ability seems to have been worthily noted. A portion of the building however again fell a prey to fire in the year 1130, but it was repaired without delay.

THE MURDER of Archbishop Becket in the Cathedral is an event which can never fall into oblivion; and to prevent the possibility of such being the case, the exact place where the murder is said to have been committed has ever since been designated the "Martyrdom." For a year after the bloody deed was perpetrated, the cathedral was desecrated and Divine Service not performed. Shortly after its re-consecration, the choir, from the angel steeple to the east end, was once more destroyed by fire; good however arose from these devastations, and the cathedral when rebuilt was far more magnificent than formerly, and was then deemed worthy to receive some relics of the murdered archbishop, which were enclosed in a shrine, and placed in the newly erected chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr. Various additions and alterations were made in the cathedral during succeeding ages. Of the prelates who interested themselves in this pious work, the names of Arch

bishops Sudbury, Courtenay, Arundel, and Chicheley, deserve especial mention. A large bell named Dunstan, after the archbishop of that name was given to the cathedral by Prior Molast, in 1430; a tower was prepared for its reception on the south-western angle of the church, and hence it obtained the name of Dunstan's Tower.

THE WORK of embellishment, which for many years had prospered, was suddenly broken in upon by a body of puritans, in 1643, under the guidance of a puritan minister named Culmer. The splendid painted glass with which it had been the pride of Archbishops and Kings, to adorn the Cathedral, was destroyed; and amid the general desolation the figures of Edward IV. and his family, by whom the large painted window in which they were represented had been given, alone remained; while the depredators rejoiced in, (as they called it), "rattling down proude Becket's glassy bones," a full length figure of the archbshop having been pictured in the same window.

THE DESECRATIONS they committed were not however confined to the destruction of the painted glass; the font, which had been presented to the church by a munificent prelate, John Warner, Bishop of Rochester, was broken in pieces; the tombs were rifled of the brasses and other ornaments; and to complete the "purification" they pretended was the object of their fanatical fury, the nave of the church was converted into a barrack for the soldiery.

IN 1660, after the restoration of Charles II., preparations were made for repairing the Cathedral; and during this process several alterations and improvements were adopted. One was the rebuilding the spire on Arundel steeple, which now corresponds with that on the other side called the Chicheley steeple. The stalls too were some years after taken down and replaced by new ones, and an archiepiscopal throne was given to the church by Archbishop Tennison. The carving

in the panelling is said to have been executed by the famous carver, Gibbon.

THE EXTERNAL form of the present structure is that of a double cross, consisting of a nave, choir,* north and south aisles, north and south transepts, the former of which is called the Martyrdom, and various small chapels, dedicated to St. Thomas, the Virgin, St. Michael, St. Anselm, and Henry IV. On the north side of the Cathedral are the Cloisters, which are entered by an enriched doorway leading from the Martyrdom. When in their perfect state these Cloisters must have been extremely beautiful; for on each side where the ribs supporting the roof joined, the arms of all those who had contributed towards the erection were sculptured and emblazoned in their proper colours. The southern walk of the Cloister being less likely to be intruded upon by the conventual attendants, was formerly appropriated to meditation and prayer; and was glazed by Prior Sellinge, who, in order to fix attention upon devout subjects, painted the walls with texts of scripture. Within the cloisters the ground was used as a cemetery. The eastern walk of the cloister opens upon the chapter house, a lofty apartment, on the sides of which are the stone seats upon which the monks formerly sat in full chapter; and at the eastern end the throne or enriched stall, for the prior. This chapter house appears to have been erected during the period that intervened between Priors Eastry and Chillenden, the latter of whom was a skilful architect, and flourished in the reign of Richard II. The floor of the room is formed chiefly of large monumental slabs of marble, stripped of their brasses, which were removed from the nave of the church.

THE CRYPT is another part of the Cathedral which deserves especial notice. This is a vault generally placed under the eastern end of a church to raise the choir, and keep it dry.

* Or space between the nave and high altar.

The Crypt was in former ages frequently used as a chapel, when persecution rendered it necessary for the worshippers to assemble in secret. It was also used as a burying-placeThe crypt under Canterbury Cathedral is of greater extent and more lofty than any other in England; in its greatest length it is 230 feet, and its breadth at the transept is 130 feet, the nave and aisles are divided by lines of short massive pillars, supporting low arches upon the same plan as, and forming a support to the choir above. Part of the groining of the arches has been painted, and the whole crypt appears to have been illuminated by lamps suspended from iron rings which remain at the intersection of the groins.

THE MONUMENTS in Canterbury Cathedral, now demand our attention. Of these many have been erected to the memory of the Archbishops who from an early period have filled this see. They are for the most part placed either at the entrance to or around the choir, some in the southern aisle, and others on the north side. Archbishops Theobald, Hubert, Malta, Peckam, Stratford, Sudbury, Courtenay, Chicheley, Kemp, Bourchier, Warham, Polé, &c. are among those whose memory is thus honoured.

OF THE monumental remains of royal and eminent persons, the principal are to be found in the various chapels of this Cathedral. In the Trinity chapel is the richly sculptured tomb of Henry IV. and his second queen, Joan of Navarre. Here also is the monument of Edward the Black Prince who died in 1369, with his effigy of brass, gilt and burnished. It is an altar tomb of marble, the sides and ends of which are enriched with quatre-foil pannels and copper shields enamelled, bearing the arms of the prince and the motto Houmont, which united with "Ich Dien" I serve, implied a loyal devotion to a superior, and claiming to himself a lofty and magnanimous spirit.

M.

NOTES OF A TRAVELLER.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE CHURCH WARDER.

SIR,ONE NIGHT as I lay weary and restless in my bed at the Tontine Inn in Peebles, I was suddenly startled by a stretch and a long yawn underneath it. It was evident that some one had ensconced himself there, but who had fallen asleep; with the intention probably of robbing at least, if not of murdering me also, during the night. Under no little aların, but making as little noise as possible lest peradventure, I might precipitate the last-named catastrophe, I applied my hand to the rope and vigorously rang the bell. By this time the family with the whole clamjamfry of waiters, cooks, chambermaids, the nondescript animal called "boots," and even "the foolish fat scullion" had gone to roost. I had therefore to ring several times before the drowsy waiter in answer to my impatient summons, came rubbing his eyes and giving me small thanks for disturbing him in his first sleep. When he appeared I gathered a trifle more courage, thinking that two of us even in our night-caps, might be a match for this formidable personage who seemed however by his heavy breathing to be still fast asleep. John, says I, just see who he is that has taken possesion of the ground-floor. Arming himself with the poker by way of precaution, John cautiously raised the valance and immediately began to shout "get oot ya muckle broot that ye are ;" and then to apply the poker to the sleeping wretch, who on being so unceremoniously awakened gathered himself up and ran yelping out of the room, followed by the waiter uttering a volley of oaths and imprecations both loud and deep. And after all it was only the great Newfoundland dog that had found his way up stairs and had coiled up for repose under my bed. Ever since this adventure I have always inspected the apartment, looked underneath the bed, and carefully bolted the chamber door, before going to