ABBEYS, Barons founders of, to have
the custody of, when vacant, 114.
'Abhorrers' and 'Petitioners,' 618
Act of Settlement, 219, 663; text of,
664-69.

Acts (private) of Parliament, how they
originated, 180, n. I.

Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity,
passed A.D. 1559, 441; and 1662,
632.

'Addled Parliament' of 1614, dissolved,
509.
Administration, system of, under the
Norman and Plantagenet kings, 144;
right of the Commons to inquire into
the abuses of the, 269, 275-
Advowsons, suits as to, 92.
Elfred (the Great), styled only King of
the West Saxons in his will, 10; his
character, 11, n.; light thrown on
the land laws by his will, 15, n.;
elected king to the exclusion of his
elder brother's children, 33; as a
legislator, 43.

Elfthrytha, Queen, 29.
Ethelberht, laws of, 42.
Æthelings, sons or brothers of the king,

29; word originally denoted noble
birth, ib.; ranked above the nobility,
30; penalty for the violation of their
rights, ib.

Æthelred the Unready, King, 12; de-
posed and restored, 32; law on
tithes, 477, n.

Æthelstan, King, 11.

Ethelwald, deposition of, 32.
Ethelwulf, gives offence by crowning
his wife, 29.

Ager publicus, analogy of Folkland to
the, 14.

Agricultural labourers, discontent of,
with the landowners, 394.
Agriculture, means proposed for the
restoration of, at Peace of Walling-
ford, 86.

Aids, contributions from the tenant to
his lord, 60; provision as to, made
in Magna Charta, 111; not to be
made except by common counsel of
the nation, 125.
Alcred, deposition of, 32.

Alford (Mr., M.P.), speech ot, on
Petition of Right, 542.

Aliens, their disabilities, denization,
and naturalization, &c., 667, 1. 3,
(see 133).

Allen (Cardinal William), founds Pa-
pist seminary at Douay, 449, n. I.
Altham (Baron) on the legality of
proclamations, 504.

Amercements, 115, 162, n. 4; deriva-
tion of the term, 116.
Ancient English Laws, 42.
Ancient German polity, 5.
Anderson's case (writ of Habeas Corpus
issued into Upper Canada) 628.
Angevin or Plantagenet dynasty, the,
87.
Annates, Act restraining the payment
of, to the Pope, 422, 426, n. I.
Anne (Queen), her dislike of party
government, 676, and n. 1.
Annual Indemnity Acts passed under
George II. in favour of Dissenters, 749.
Annual Parliaments, 268.

'Appeal,' meaning an accusation, origin
of this private process, 123.
'Appello Caesarem' (Dr. Montague's),
552.
Appropriation of Supplies, first instance
of, 272.

Arbitrary imprisonment, Stat. Pet. of
Right, 3 Car. I. against, 547.
Archbishops, rank as high as members
of the King's family, 26; to be nomi-
nated by the King's congé a'élire, 425.
Armada, Spanish, 455, 463.

Arms, Protestants allowed to carry, for
their defence, by the Bill of Rights,
656.

Army, standing, supersedes the militia,
191; used by Charles to overawe
parliament, 590; increased by
James II., 640; sketch of the military
force in England, 641, n. 1, et seq.;
made illegal by the Bill of Rights,
without consent of parliament, 642, n.
Arrest, freedom from, a privilege of
parliament, 324; vindicated by the
Commons, 492, and ib. n. I.
Arthur (of Brittany), 200; his sister Elea-

nor, 201.

'Articles of Reform,' 266; annulled by

stat. 15 Edw. II., ib. n. I; their
purport, 267, n. I.

Articles of Religion made Thirty-nine
in number, 443.

Arundel (Archbishop), 178.

Arundel (Earl of) committed to the
Tower by Charles I., 537.
Ashby. White, 1702, right to vote,
337-

Ashford . Thornton, 125.

Assassination practised by the English
on the Normans, 67; law of Eng-
lishry' against, ib.

Assemblies, rebellious and unlawful,
Act 2 & 3 Edw. VI. against, 395.
Assize, judges of, 157.

Assize of Arms, national militia revived

by the, 90; requirements of the,
regarding military service, 185; re-
newed and remodelled by Edward I.,
189.

Assize of Clarendon, 94, 157, 164.
Assize of Northampton, 110.
Assizes, provision made by Magna
Charta for the holding of, 114, 163,
164.

'Association of Christian Brothers,' the,
412; Luther's writings sedulously
circulated by, 414.

Attainder, Bills of, 318, 380; difference

of, from an Impeachment, 380, n. 3.
Attainder and forfeiture for treason or
felony abolished, 393 n.

Attaint, writ of, jurymen liable to, 168;
abolished temp. George IV. 169; ob-
ject of, effected by a new trial, ib.
Atwyll's case (17 Edw. IV.), freedom
of speech, 325.

Audit of public accounts enacted by
parliament, 272.

Aurum reginae, payment of, 29.
Aylesbury men, case of the, 339
Aylmer's Harborowe of True and

Faithful Subjects,' 483 and 484, n 1.
Azo, his 'Summa' used by Bracton,

4, n. 2.

Barons, unsuccessful insurrections of the,
in William II.'s reign, 76; new ones
created by Henry I., So; their power
largely curtailed by Henry II., 89;
and by the institution of Scutage, 90;
obtain Magna Charta for the people,
101; refuse to follow John on foreign
service, 103, 106; confederacy of the,
at St. Edmund's, 107; offer the
Crown to Lewis of France, 138; re-
volt of, temp. Edw. II., 265.
Barrow (Henry) executed for writing
seditious books, 460.

Bastwick (Dr.), his trial with Prynne
and Burton, and sentence for pub-
lishing Elenchus Papismi et Fla-
gellum Episcoporum, 560; further
heavy sentence by the Star Chamber
for attacking his prosecutors, 561;
popular sympathy for, ib. ; liberated
by the Long Parliament, 577.
Bates (John), case against, in the Court
of Exchequer, A.D. 1606, 498, 501,
549, n. 1; the decision of the judges
subversive of liberty, 498.

Battle, wager of, 67; trial by, super-

seded by trial by jury, 90; demand
for, made in Thornton's case, 125;
abolished, ib.

Beard, William-with-the-, or Fitz Os-
bert, rising under, 95.

'Bedchamber Question,' 1839, 704.
Bede's history of the English conquest
of Britain, 4, n. 4.

Belesme (Robert de), Earl of Shrews-
bury and Arundel, forfeiture of his
estates and expulsion from the king-
dom, So.

Bell (Mr., M.P.) on monopolies (in
1571), 475.

Benetices, John concedes to the Pope

Benefices-

the right of nominating to, 400;
which is greatly abused, 401; the
Stat. of Provisors, 25 Edw. III.,
forbidding the Pope's nomination to,
403.

Benefit of Clergy, 412.

Benevolence, James I. calls for a gene-
ral, 510; Protests against it. 511.
Benevolences extorted from the richer
classes by Edward IV., 360; declared
illegal by Richard III.'s parliament,
ib.; again introduced by Henry VII.,
373; Bishop Morton's Fork,' ib. ;
had recourse to by Henry VIII., 376;
oppressive treatment of those refusing
to contribute, 378.

Bennet (Sir Johu, Judge of the Prero-
gative Court), impeached, A.D. 1621,
520.

Berkeley (Justice), his judgment in the

Ship-money case of Hampden, 569;
imprisoned, 582, n. 2.

Bible, English translation of the, A.D.
153S, 437-

Bigod (Roger, Earl of Norfolk), Ed-
ward I.'s altercation with, 250, 11.
5.

Bill of Rights, 1689, 218, n. 3, the

'Declaration of Right' embodied and
confirmed in the, 654; text of the,
654-661.

Billeting of Soldiers and Mariners, 547,
and ".

Bills of Attainder, 318, 380.

Bills, petitions to parliament assume

the form of statutes under the name
of, 311; money bills originate in the
Commons, 310; Peerage Bills in the
Lords, 312.

Bilson (Bishop), 514.

Births, Marriages, and Deaths, estab-
lishment in 1836 of a civil registra-
tion of, 755.

Bishops; prominent members of the
Witenagemôt, 9; arrest of the three,
by Stephen, 85; the petition of the
Commons for a scrutiny into eccle-
siastical abuses referred to the, 416;
their answer and Henry VIII.'s criti-
cism on it. ib. ; to be nominated by
the King's congé d'élire, 425; Oath of
Supremacy refused by, 445, and ib.
1. 2; the Bishops' Act passed, 1566,
448; deprived of temporal jurisdic-
tion by the Long Parliament, 586,
and ib. n. 3; the bills introduced in
the House of Commons for that pur-
pose, 594, ". I (see 586); attempt to

Bishops-

exclude them from the House of
Lords, 715, n. I.

Bishops, trial of the Seven, 1688, 170,
646; their names, 646, n. 2, Ma-
caulay on, 646-7.

Blair (Sir Adam), impeachment of, in
1689, 525 ".

Bland's case, privilege of parliament,
482

Blount (Sir Thomas), 205.
Bicland, 13, 14, and ., 15.

Bohun (Earl of Hereford) resists the
illegal exactions of Edward I., 251
Boleyn (Anne) married, 414; Elizabeth
born, ib.

Bolingbroke (Henry St. John, Visct.),
case of the impeachment of, a.D.
1715, 526, ".

Boniface VIII. (Pope), his Bull 'Cleri-
cis laicos, 249, 253; claims to be
feudal lord of Scotland, and com-
mands Edward I. to withdraw his
troops, 401; answer of the English
parliament, ib.

Boniface IX., struggle of the Crown
with, 405.

Bonner (Bishop), 395; indicted by
Horne, Bishop of Winchester, for re-
fusing the oath of Supremacy, 448;
pleads that Horne is not a lawful
bishop, ib.

Book of Common Prayer, Acts for
Uniformity of Service, &c., Edw. VI.,
437, and 43S, ". I; Elizabeth, 443;
penal clauses for using any other form
of prayer, re-enacted in the Act of
Uniformity, 1662, 633.

'Book of Rates,' published A.D. 1608,
499.

Books, importation of, containing

heresy and treason, forbidden by
Mary, 393; possessors of, to be exe-
cuted, 394; excuse for this arbitrary
proceeding, ib. n. I.

Borough Elections, qualification of

members at, 346; the electors in, ib.
et seq.; wholesale bribery at, 721.
Borough-English, a variety of tenure in
burgage, 65.

Boroughs, Charters to, granted by
Henry I., SI; and extensively sold
by Richard I., 98; growth of the
representation of, 235; great creation
of Rotten Boroughs by Edward VI.,
Mary, and Elizabeth, 397; the great
majority of, venal, until after the reign
of Geo. III., 721.
Bosworth, battle of, 212.

Bót, compensation for injury, 28, 41.
Bracton, extensive borrowings from
Roman law in, 4, ".
Breviarium, the, 4.

Bretigni, treaty of, A.D. 1360, 281
Bretwaldas, the, 9; Ecgberht, eighth
king who was Bretwalda, 10; etymo-
logy of the word, ib. n. 1.
Bribery at Elections, attempt to pre-
vent by Statute of Queen Anne,
excluding all but landowners from
House of Commons, 344; repealed
1838. 345; earliest precedent, for the!
punishment of, Long's case, 1571,
482; prices at which seats were
openly sold, 721, 722; measures for
the suppression of, 725, 731.

Bridges, no town or man to be distrained
to make, 135.

Brihtric, King, poisoned by his wife,

29.

Bristol (John Digby, Earl of) refusal of
Charles I. to grant him a writ of
summons to parliament, 538; com-
plains to the peers, ib.: charged with
high treason, ib. retaliates by im-
peaching Buckingham, ib.
Britons (The) driven to the western
parts of the island, I; hypothesis as to
their intermarrying with the English,
2, and note.

Bromley (Sir Henry), brings forward

the Succession Question, 474; com-
mitted to prison, ib.
'Brownists,' the, 494.
Buckingham (George Villiers, Duke of),
case of the impeachment of, A.D.
1626, 521, 1.; opposition to him,
535; Speech of Sir R. Cotton against,
ib.; the King's message on the im-
peachment of, 536; impeached by
Earl of Bristol, 538; assassinated by
Felton, 521, n.

Burdett (Sir Francis), adjudged guilty
of contempt of the House of Com-
mons, and committed to the Tower,
740.

Burgage, tenure in, 65.

Burgh, the, 18; its organization, 19.
Burleigh (Sir William Cecil, Lord),
administration of, 468.

Burton (Henry), his pamphlet, "News
from Ipswich," 560; tried and sen-
tenced with Prynne and Bastwick,
ib.; popular sympathy with, 561;
liberated by the Long Parliament,
577.
Bushel's case, immunity of juries esta.
blished in, 170.

Bute (Lord), his administration, 1762,
694; his fall, 695; continued in-
fluence with the King, ib.; dismissal,
ib.
Byron (Sir John), appointed Governor
of the Tower by Charles I., 597-

CABAL MINISTRY, THE, 1671,
672.

Cabinet, the, its growth, 669, et seg.:
final establishment of the Cabinet
system under the first two Georges,
677; the terms Ministry and Cabinet
not synonymous. 679; secrecy of,
680: the Premier, 681, 683, 1.:
relations of Cabinet to Crown and
Parliament. 681, ".; to House of
Lords, and House of Commons,
682, .; three-fold capacity of Cabi-
net Minister, ib.; internal relations
of the Cabinet, iv.

Calvert (Mr. Secretary), 519, 528.
Calvin (Rithd.) The post-nati case, 7
Jac. I., 497, n. 2: 669, n.
Cambridge (Vice-Chancellor of), de-
prived of his office by James II.,
644.

Campbell (Lord), Libel Act passed by,
1843, 765.

Campian (Edmund), despatched by Pope
Gregory XIII. to England to bring
about its re-conversion, 452; im-
prisoned in the Tower, 453; exe-
cuted, ib.

Canons, a new set of, promulgated by
Convocation, 576.

Canterbury, double election to the See
of, 104; both set aside by the Pope,
it.
Carleton (Sir Dudley), 537-
Carr's case (1680), 759, n. 3.
Cartwright (Thomas), leader of the

attacks on Episcopacy, 458: pub-
lishes Admonition to Parliament,'
ib.

Carucage, a form of taxation under
Richard I., 96.

'Case of Commendams,' A.D. 1616,

514.

Castle-guard, 112.

Catherine (Queen), Henry VIII.'s di-
vorce suit against, 414.
'Catholic Association,' the, 753-
Catholic Emancipation Act, 1829, 753-
Cecil (Mr. Robert), 476.

Celtic element in English nation, 2
Ceorls, the, 23, 25; their depression
prior to Norman Conquest, ib. n.,

291.

Cerdic, ancient line of, supplanted for a
time, regains the throne, 12.
Chamberlain of London v. Allen Evans,

Esq., 750, n. 2; Lord Mansfield's
judgment, ib.

Chancellor, the office of, subordinate to
that of Justiciar, 72: introduction of
the title of, 147; derivation of the
name, 148, 7. 1; growth of the
power of, 148; rise of the jurisdiction
of the, 173; equitable jurisdiction of,
ib. 174, π. 5, 179; encroachments of,
on the jurisdiction of the common
law, 175; statutes passed in restraint
of, ib. et seq.; office of, regarded with
distrust by the laity, 178.
Chancery, Court of, extension of its
jurisdiction during Edward II.'s
reign, 174; statutes passed restrain-
ing it, 175; its equitable jurisdiction
much extended in the reign of
Richard II., 178; continual remon-
strances of the Commons against its
encroachments, 179.

Charles I., A.D. 1625-49; accession of,
533; his political character, ib. ; his
first parliament, 534; his message to
the Commons on the impeachment of
Buckingham, 536; his expedients to
raise money without parliament, 535,
538; enforces a general loan, ió. ;
his third parliament, 1627, 540; his
opening Speech, io.; gives his assent
to the Petition of Right, 545; his
violation of it, 549; calls another
parliament, 1628-9, ib.; dissolved,
554; intimates his determination to
govern without parliament, 555; the
aggressor in his conflict with parlia-
ment, 556; ship-money, 561, et seq.;
attempts to change the ecclesiastical
constitution of Scotland, 572; calls a
fourth parliament, 1640, ib.; offers
to give up ship-money for twelve sub-
sidies, 575; dissolves his fourth par-
liament, 576; resumes his despotic
courses, ib.; failure of his military
operations against the Scots, 577;
summons his fifth (the Long) Parlia-
ment, ib.; his view as to invalidity of
statutes, 587; goes to Edinburgh,
588; object of his journey, ib. ; offers
office to the popular leaders, ib.; at-
tempts to arrest the 'Five Members,'
597; his speech on the occasion to
the Commons, 603; end of his con-
stitutional struggle with parliament,
607; his duplicity, 609, n.; illegal
trial and execution, 610.

Charles II., A.D. 1660-1685; chief con-
stitutional statutes of his reign, 615;
the first year of his reign called by a
legal fiction the twelfth, ib. n. 1 ;
enters into a conspiracy with Louis
XIV. of France against the Protestant
faith in England, 030; enjoys despotic
power during the last years of his
reign, 637.

Chariton (Mr. Justice), dismissed from
his office by James II., 643, ". 3.
Charters to Boroughs extensively sold
by Richard I., 98.

Charter of Liberties granted by Henry
I., 77; its importance, 79.
Chatham (William Pitt, Lord) advo
cated parliamentary reform in 1766,
726.

Chester, the County Palatine of, ad-

mitted to parliamentary representa-
tion, 355.

Chester, Court of the County Palatine
of; its jurisdiction abolished, except
in matters touching the King's private
estate, 584, and ib. n. 1.
Christianity, conversion of the English
to, S; influence of, ib.
Church, the English, close alliance of,
with State, S; deference to Rome,
but marked national character of, 9;
various ecclesiastical organisations re-
duced to one National Church by
Theodore of Tarsus, zb.; ecclesiasti
cal unity precedes civil unity, ib.;
enjoyed independence before the
Conquest, 69; afterwards brought
into closer connexion with Rome, ib. ;
identical with the State before the
Conquest, 70; separation of spiritual
from temporal courts by William the
Conqueror, ib.; but the supremacy of
the Crown maintained, ib.; promises
made by Henry I. to, 77; regains her
spiritual freedom, 83; concessions to,
by Stephen, ib.; supremacy of the
State over, maintained by Henry II.,
91; her relations with the State de-
fined by the Constitutions of Claren-
don, 91; of the Middle Ages, though
despotic, also democratic, 94; liber.
ties of, preserved by Magna Charta.
109; separation of, from the Church
of Rome, political and legal rather
than religious, 399; always possessed
a marked national character, ib.; re-
formation of, by Henry VIII., 413;
influence of Luther's writings on the
doctrines of, 414; the King enacted
to be the Supreme Head' of, 430;