long, thirty-six feet wide, and forty-five feet high. It has a rich pendant ceiling. There are music galleries at the ends of the hall, above the passages. Two stone lanterns are raised above the roof: one would have done for any other place; but the ambition of kings would not be satisfied with less than two. The library is ninety-three feet long, twenty-seven feet broad, and eighteen feet high. It is filled up with book-cases of carved oak, and furnished with a valuable collection of scarce books. The floor is of stone, and supported upon iron bearers, to prevent accidents by fire.

The provost's lodge is erected at the western end of the library, and looks upon the lawn leading to the river. It is in the Tudor style, and extremely picturesque. The front is much varied, and designed in the best taste. It is by far the handsomest lodge in the University, and newly built.*

It may be supposed, in the confusion that resulted naturally enough after this, he "went away (fuga sibi consuluit). But, within a short space after, he became a new man, repaired to the University, and with general approbation for his excellent learning, when his time was come, was made Doctor in Divinitie." He subsequently played a very eminent part in Church and State, and finally, at his death became a benefactor to his college. "Ut expiaret sua furta et facinora quæ juvenis patraverit, insignem se collegio benefactorem, præstitit." Another hand adds, "i. e., poculum dedit pulchre cælatum et deauratum; ac præterea nihil."

We cannot say with certainty whether it is true that the celebrated Archbishop Blackburne was a member of this or a neighbouring college, so remarkable for "fast men ;" and that, having got seven o'clock gates during his first term, for "cutting" chapels, he ran away from the University, carrying off a fiddle from his tutor's rooms, with which he played his way up to London, where he underwent great hardships for some time. At last he bound himself apprentice on board a Newcastle collier; but, in his first voyage to the North, "The Fair Sally" was taken off Scarborough by the pirate schooner "Black Broom," then commanded by the dreaded Redmond of the Red Hand. When we next hear of him, some years after, it is as Captain of the fearful Black Broom-sweeping the seas from Cyprus to Cape Wrath-the terror of every merchant in Europe. He retired from business in the prime of life, and set up as a country gentleman at the foot of the Yorkshire Wolds, changing his name from Muggins to Blackburne—a corruption of Black Broom. Bucolic pursuits he soon found to be uncongenial to his active disposition, so he turned his attention in another direction, entered into holy orders, and, passing through the various gradations, seated himself in due time on the archiepiscopal throne of York. The fiddle he had carried off from Cambridge he had never, in all his various mutations of fortune, parted with; and, to his credit be it said, shortly after his elevation, he returned it to its owner, the

*In the Cambridge Portfolio is the following notice of Bishop West: "Nicholas West, when 'young scholar' at King's, being a factious fellow, set the whole college by the eares about the proctorship (because the choice had not gone to his liking); and when he could not effect his desire, set the provost's lodge on fire, and stole certaine silver spoones."

t Tho. Hatche's Catalogue of Fellows and Scholars, M.S. 237, Caius College. Jesus College M.$.

Rev. Lawrence Leatherhead, in a case of the most costly and elaborate workmanship, in which was also enclosed his appointment to the archdeaconry of Holderness. The above history is from "Our own Yorkshire Correspondent," and we beg to decline all responsibility as to its veracity.

We now give a brief sketch of Corpus Christi College:

The front, which faces Trumpington-streat, is two hundred and twenty-two feet in length, and is very imposing. This portion of the building was erected in 1823, William Wilkins, Esq., of Caius College, being the architect. This college was founded by two Cambridge Guilds, 1352, and formerly consisted only of the old court and chapel, the latter built in 1578 at the expense of Sir Nicholas Bacon. quadrangle which we first enter is one hundred and fty-eight feet long by one hundred and twenty-nine feet broad, and contains the library, hall, chapel, and master's lodge, beside apartments for fellows and students.

The

The library, which occupies the south-side, is a fine room, eightyseven feet long, twenty-two feet wide, and twenty-five feet high, elegantly fitted up. The manuscripts are very valuable, and there is a large collection of books relating to ecclesiastical affairs, collected at the time of the dissolution of the monasteries, and left to the college by Archbishop Parker.

The chapel occupies the centre of the east side: the western doorway is very striking. The length is seventy-five feet, width twentyfive feet, and height thirty-three feet. The windows are filled with beautifully-painted glass.

The master's lodge forms a portion of the right wing, and is spacious and handsome. Its principal front is towards the south, in a walled garden.

The hall and combination-room are on the north side of the quadrangle. The hall is sixty-two feet long, twenty-seven feet wide, and thirty-five feet high.

This society consists of a master, twelve fellows, and fifty-nine scholars. Eleven benefices are in the patronage of the College. Visitors, the Vice-Chancellor, and two Senior Doctors in Divinity; in extraordinary cases the Queen.

Catherine Hall is on the other side of the street, directly opposite the last-named college.

It was founded in 1475, and rebuilt about the year 1700. It has one large court, one hundred and eighty feet long by one hundred and twenty feet wide, built around on three sides, the fourth being open to Trumpington-street, on which side are some tall trees. On the north side are the chapel and hall, and on the south is the master's lodge.

The chapel is seventy-five feet long, thirty feet broad, and thirtysix feet high. Here is the tomb of Dr. Addenbrooke, a fellow of this college, and founder of the hospital in this town.

The hall is forty-two feet long, twenty-four feet broad, and twentyfour feet high, and is considered a fine room.

In the master's lodge are several good pictures, including four by Sir Godfrey Kneller.

This society consists of a master, who is always, ex-officio, Preben

dary of Norwich, fourteen fellows, and forty-three scholars. Four benefices and one grammar school are in the patronage of the college. Visitor, the Queen.

Queen's College, which was founded in 1448 by the celebrated Margaret of Anjou, presents a very monastic appearance. A delay in its completion was caused by the wars of the Roses; but it was at length finished by Andrew Dockett, the president, under the patronage of Elizabeth Woodvilie, wife of Edward IV.

Of the three courts, the first contains the chapel and hall; the second, called "The Walnut Tree Court," is reached through a doorway on the north side of the first court. The third court, which is surrounded, on three sides, with cloisters, from which a curious onearched wooden bridge, formed in steps, leads to the grounds on the opposite side of the river, which are very pretty.

The chapel, which contains several monuments and brasses, is an interesting object; but during the last century it underwent considerable alteration, and much of its originality was destroyed.

In the library is a valuable collection of about thirty thousand books, and numbers of M.SS.

The president's lodge is large, and contains several goods pictures, and a singular altar-piece from the chapel, on three panels, representing the Resurrection, Judas betraying Christ, and Our Saviour appearing to the Apostles after the Resurrection. They are supposed to have been presented by Margaret of Anjou, the foundress of the College, and are in good preservation.

Erasmus, when visiting Cambridge at the invitation of Bishop Fisher, resided in a tower of this College, at the south-west corner of the old

court.

This society is composed of a president, twenty fellows, and twentyone scholars. Eleven benefices are in its patronage. Visitor, the Queen.

Pembroke College stands on the east side of Trumpington-street, a short distance from the University or Pitt Press. The foundress of this College was Mary de St. Paul, wife of Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, who was assassinated in France in 1324, whilst attending on the Queen. Henry VI. was a great benefactor to this College, which wears the appearance of great antiquity. Many eminent men have been educated in this College, including Edmund Spenser, Archbishop Whitgift, Harvey the poet, Bishop Wren, and the Right Hon. William Pitt; and the celebrated martyr Ridley was the master of this College. This College, which has produced more bishops than any other, consists chiefly of two courts. On the north side of the first is the library, while it is separated on the east from the second court, which is rather larger than the first, by the hall. A third small court contains the chapel and lodge.

The chapel, which is an elegant building, is from a design by Sir Christopher Wren.

The library, which is a large room containing a fine collection of books, has a beautiful ceiling.

In the hall are portraits of Ridley, Bradford, Mary de Valence, Spenser the poet, William Pitt, &c.

In the gardens are some curious waterworks, and "at the north-east corner of the inner-court is a building containing a singular machine,

or hollow sphere," made by Dr. Long, Lowndean, Professor of Astronomy, assisted by an ingenious tin-plate worker of Cambridge.

The sphere, which is eighteen feet in diameter, and in which thirty persons can sit, is entered by steps over the south pole. This sphere, which contains the constellations painted, can be easily turned round, and thus represents the revolutions of the heavenly bodies.

This society consists of a master, fourteen foundation and two byefellows, besides scholars. This Cellege has in its patronage ten benefices, and the Queen is the visitor.

(To be continued.)

THE VETERINARY ART IN TURKEY.

The more enlightened practice of veterinary medicine by the few French and Italian professors who had at intervals ventured to try their luck in Constantinople, together with the frequent announcement of the advantages which had accrued to the sagacious policy of the Viceroy of Egypt, in taking French and Italian veterinarians into his service, for the institution of a more enlightened school of medical and surgical practice in the Egyptian Cavalry regiments and Vice-regal stables; first awakened Sultan Mahmoud (the uncle of the present Padishah) to a sense of the need of a similar reform in the veterinary practice in the Artillery and Cavalry regiments garrisoned in Constantinople.

He had effected a metamorphose in the Moslem habiliments of several Infantry regiments to a modified similitude with those of the French Infantry of the Line; contemplated the introduction of the Prussian Landwher organization throughout his dominions; and in furtherance of a reform that would be yet more repugnant to the religious prejudices of his Mahometan subjects, he applied to the Court of Berlin for the aid of a skilled veterinarian of the Prussian Royal Guard to found and direct a veterinary school in Stamboul.

That a readily successful result could be anticipated from such an institution in Turkey was believed possible by Sultan Mahmoud and his Ministers is scarcely to be credited; for apart from the total want of all preliminary instruction in those who performed the veterinary functions in the Ottoman Cavalry and Artillery regiments, as in the pupils to be chosen therein, very few were able to read and write; and Islamism itself presented, as it still presents, insuperable obstacles thereto. The law of Mahomet forbids the killing of animals, whether afflicted by contagious diseases or incurable ailments, and the Turks as obstinately refuse to perform anatomical dissections and all practice of chirurgical operations upon the dead body.

That these religious prejudices are still as potent in their influence among the Turks to obstruct for long years an equal improvement in veterinary medicine to that effected in Egypt, the present Sultan, withall his enlarged and enlightened views for the social improvement of his subjects, is admitted to be deeply sensible. From imformation not

long since received by the director of an Austrian veterinary school from a professional correspondent at Pera, who in aid of but a limited civilian practice has combined therewith the dealing in horses, there is now a somewhat greater probability that more extension will be given to a somewhat rational veterinary practice through the medium of the Albanian, Armenian, and Syrian Arab pupils trained in the Regimental Schools in Constantinople, and transferred after three years' instruction and passed examination, to the Cavalry and Artillery regiments cantoned in the provinces of the Empire. But years must elapse, favoured by the concurrence of circumstances altogether unhoped for and almost improbable, before veterinary medicine as practised in Western Europe can obtain among the Turks.

This opinion, based as it is upon the repugnance shown by the Mahometan general public in the capital itself, despite the increased intercourse of later years with Western nations to change their established usages in regard to the treatment of horses in sickness, contagious diseases, or accidental injuries, may thus be taken as authoritive gauge for the prejudices of "the Faithful" throughout the empire to all veterinary innovations; and, as expressed in the words of the authority from whom we have been favoured with the details, of which we here give a summary: "Veterinary practice among the Turks may be expressed as an empiricism as absurd as it is superstitious."

The number of horses in Constantinople is by no means inconsiderable, although carriages are rare, the narrow and ill-paved streets permitting of a slow draught only. Horses are therefore almost all utilized for riding, and not a Turk in easy circumstances but keeps one or two -the number increasing with increase of fortune. Wealthy individuals keep as many as twenty, and even more. In the army the horse is the object of great display and expenditure. A General of Brigade keeps ten or twelve horses; a General of Division as many as twenty; a Full General sixty or more. These animals are either of Arab, Persian, or Egyptian race, or at least descend from them. The troops are supplied with mounts from Bulgaria, Bosnia, and Hungary.

Aged Turks preferentially ride upon asses; but the breed surpasses those of Northern Europe, and the finest come from Syria: they are used also for the transport of merchandize, &c. To these uses horses are also consigned, afflicted with long-standing lameness. broken wind, glanders, farcy, or other incurable diseases, as also such animals as are unfit for any other service.

A Turk never has a horse killed. If old age or other incurable ailment renders the animal incapable of any service, the poor beast is set at liberty, and abandoned to his miserable lot, without any further heed of what may become of him. Nor is it a very uncommon sight to meet, not only in some retired places, but even in the public squares of the capital, a horse at the last gasp of life, or, walking equine skeletons directing their tottering steps towards some dung-heap in search of some scattered remnants of forage. When on the high roads without the city, or even in the streets of Constantinople, a horse falls exhausted from fatigue or disease beneath his burden or rider, the latter evinces not the least emotion, but apathetically shoulders the saddle or harness, and, continuing his way, abandons the animal to his fate.

The curtained carriages of the women of the Harems are drawn