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Splendid Appearance of the Forest in Autumn. 293

either by a sudden effort, or by causing a strangulation at some point (perhaps the point of junction between the stalk and stem), brings about the colorations alike remarkable for their brilliancy and variety, as compared with the leaf of more temperate climates."

"To persons who have not seen them before, there is an amount of grace, elegance, beauty, and variety in the grouping and coloration of the Canadian forest trees at this season really beyond conception. The bright and variegated hues of the maple and moose wood, with the birch, beech, etc., either dispersed, grouped, or solitary, form beautiful pictures, each tree vying with the other in the transcendent beauty of its dapplings and shadings, which, coupled with the cool, bracing climate, create such happy feelings in the lookers-on, that I certainly think if the question is asked the traveller what he most admired in a Canadian forest, he would unhesitatingly decide in favour of the autumnal change of the leaf. (15th.) Weasels and hares not yet showing signs of winter change, although the nights are frosty, and migratory water-fowl from more southern regions are passing through rapidly. (17th.) First snows, cold winds. (21st.) Winter migratory birds arriving, the first 'snow bunting' of the season. Cusk coming up river. (25th.) Snow and frost now the order of the day. All migratory water-fowl pushing rapidly southwards; and winter residents and new-comers putting in their appearance. The last of the summer migrants-to wit, robins, chipping sparrows, and snow birds, lagging on in small numbers; the last to go as they were the first to come."

"November 6th.-The pine bullfinch (P. Canadensis) arrived, and feeding on the elder-berries; so tame and unconcerned that you may slip a horsehair noose over its head when so employed. (9th.) Hare and weasels changing colour rapidly. Ruffed partridge and Canadian grouse about to take to the pine boughs for food. Cusk increasing in numbers in the river.

Snow buntings in flocks. (18th.) Rivers and lakes frozen over. Snow falling thickly."

"December 12th.-All winter changes on the fur of animals completed. Crossbills, pine bullfinches, and the Canada jay commencing to breed."

APPENDIX.

Hoary Bat.

QUADRUPED S.

THE following is a list of the mammals of New Brunswick as far as I have been enabled to determine :

Common Bat

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Var. v. argentatus

Schreb. This and cross fox subject to varieties; latter is the most common of the two forms.

Linn.

Erxl. Not by any means common. Common, but steadily decreasing in numbers.

Putorius cicognanii. Baird. Very common, and generally

Fisher Cat.
Sable

Mustela Pennantii
Mustela martes

Brown Weasel

Ermine.
Black Mink

Otter

Skunk

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distributed.

Common.

Common, and very generally distributed.

Lin. Not rare, but confined to wilderness rivers.

Mephitis mephitica. Baird.

Common, and appears increasing.

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Very rare.

Black Bear.

Ursus Americanus

Pallas.

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Grey Squirrel.

Flying Squirrel
Northern ditto

Striped Squirrel .

Woodchuck

Beaver .

| Sciurus migratorius. And. Common in the south-west,

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and along the western frontier; partial to localities. Not uncommon.

Perhaps more common than has been supposed.

Very common, and found in reclaimed as well as forest

regions.

Arctomys monax . Gm. Common, and possibly in

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Kuhl. Repelled to the wilderness
regions of the north.
Not uncommon.

Castor canadensis

Jumping Mouse .

Jaculus Hudsonius Wagner.

Brown Rat (intro

duced)

House Mouse, ditto.

Mus decumanus . Pallas.
Mus musculus

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L.

Wagner.

Hesperomys myoides Baird.
Arvicola Gapperi Vigors.
Fiber zibethicus

Hamster Mouse

Redbacked Mouse

Musk Rat

Porcupine.

White Rabbit.

Lepus Americanus

Cervus alces

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Confined to the coast towns and cities, and along the banks of navigable rivers, but not in the wilderness settlements.

Common, not

seen in the same parts frequented by the two last.

Plentiful in field and forest.
The same as the last, and

also about houses.

Cuv. Common in streams in the wilderness, and also in reclaimed districts.

Erethizon dorsatus F. Cuv. Common in woods and

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Rangifer caribou, And. and

Bach.
Cervus Virginianus Boddaert

Balaena mysticaetus. Linn.
Physeter macrocephalus,

Confined to the forest regions;
decreasing.
Localized; few found east-
ward of the Saint John;
common in the hilly coun-
try along the course of the
Magaguadavic river.
Seen occasionally on the coast.
Rarely observed.

Lacepe.
Rorqualus rostratus Fabr. Several specimens recorded.
Rorqualus borealis Knox. Rarely met with.
Globicephalus melas Lesson. Not uncommon.
Phocæna communis Cuv. Common.
Phocæna orca

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LIST OF THE BIRDS OF NEW BRUNSWICK.

A., means accidental; M., migratory; R., rare.

Birds marked * have been captured in Europe.

Many of the land and a greater number of the water birds in the list

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are given on the authority of Mr. Boardman, whose determinations have been more or less confirmed by Professor Verrill, in Proc. Boston Soc., Nat. Hist., vol. ix., p. 122.

Cathartes Aura, Illig.

Turkey

Otus Wilsonianus, Lesson. Long

buzzard. A.

Falco Peregrinus, Lin. Peregrine Brachyotus Cassinii, Brewer. Short

eared owl.

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Tinnunculus Sparverius, Vieill. M.

Falco Candicans, Gmelin. A.* Jer Syrnium Nebulosum, Gray. Barred falcon.

owl.

Nyctale Richardsonii, Bonap. Spar

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Buteo Borealis, Vieill. M. Redtailed hawk.

Buteo Lineatus, Jardine. Redshouldered hawk..

Buteo Pennsylvanicus, Bonap. M.
Broad-winged hawk.
Archibuteo Lagopus, Gray. Rough-
legged hawk.

Archibuteo Sancti-Johannis, Gray.
Black hawk.

Circus Hudsonius, Vieillot. M. Marsh hawk.

Aquila Canadensis, Cassin. R. Golden eagle; Ring-tailed eagle. Haliaetus Leucocephalus, Savigny. Bald eagle.

Pandion Carolinensis, Bon. M. Fish hawk.

Bubo Virginianus, Bonap. Great horned owl.

Scops Asio, Bonap. * Mottled owl.

Nyctea Nivea, Gray. Snowy owl.
Surnia Ulula, Bonap. Hawk owl.
Coccygus Americanus, Bonap. M.
Yellow-billed cuckoo.

Coccygus Erythrophthalmus, Bon.
M. Black-billed cuckoo.
Picus Villosus, Linn. * Hairy
woodpecker.

Picus Pubescens, Linn. * Downy woodpecker.

Picoides Arcticus, Gray. Three-toed woodpecker.

Picoides Hirsutus, Gray. Banded three-toed woodpecker. Sphyropicus Varius, Baird. M. Yellow-bellied woodpecker. Hylotomus Pileatus, Baird. Black woodpecker.

Melanerpes Erythrocephalus, Sw. R. M. Red-headed woodpecker. Colaptes Auratus, Swainson. M. Yellow-shafted flicker.

Trochilus Colubris, Linn. Humming bird.

Chaetura Pelasgia, Steph. Chimney swallow.

a This is the Falco anatum of Bonaparte, now considered identical with the F. peregrinus of Europe. See Proc. Nat. Hist. Society Boston, Oct. 17, 1866, p. 64.

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