In "Revue critique de législation et jurisprudence." Nouv. série. v. 7. 8°. Paris, no. 2, fév. 1878, p. 111-136. MORILLOT (André). De la protection accordée aux œuvres d'art, aux photographies, aux dessins et modèles industriels et aux brevets d'invention dans l'empire d'Allemagne. About xi, 264 p. 8°. Paris, Cotillon, 1878. See also Germany. Loi du 9 jan.-II jan.

1876 concernant le droit d'auteur. MORISON (B:) An embodiment of the patent laws in force, to which are added a brief synopsis of the copy-right laws in force. 3d ed. I p. 1. 16 p. 8°. Philadelphia, 1869. MORISON (W: Maxwell). The decisions of the court of session, digested under proper heads, in the form of a dictionary. v. 20. 4°. Edinburgh, printed for Bell & Bradfute, 1804. Contains: Literary property [14 cases, 1748-1804], p. 8295-8320 and Appendix 19 p.

MORSTADT (Carl Eduard). C. E. Morstadt's kritisch-pragmatischer commentar über Mittermaier's grundsätze des deutschen privatrechts is (arretirt gewesenes) heft, als probe. Commentar über Mittermaier's theorie von verlagscontract, schrifteigenthum, nachdruck und collegienheften. xvi, 102 p. I l. 8°. Heidelberg, Im selbstverlage des verfassers, 1831.

MOURLON (Frédéric). Examen du projet de loi sur la propriété littéraire et artistique, précédé d'une dissertation sur l'imperfection de notre droit privé et la méthode à suivre pour éviter à l'avenir les défauts qui le déparent. Extrait de la Revue pratique de droit français (tomes 17, 18.) 2 p. l. 116 p. 8°. Paris, Marescq aîné, 1865.

MOYENS pratiques de garantir la propriété littéraire. [By Un libraire éditeur. Anon.] 4 p. 12. [Paris, Crapelet, 1850.]

MUDIE (Robert). The copyright question, and mr. serjeant Talfourd's bill. About 54 p. 8°. London, 1838.

MUNSELL (Joel). Catalogue of books on printing and the kindred arts: embracing also works on copyright, liberty of the press, libel, literary property, bibliography, etc. 2 p. 1. 47 p. 8°. Albany, J. Munsell, 1868.

Contains: Copyright, titles no. 57-80. Literary property, titles no. 210-216.

MUQUARDT (Charles). De la propriété littéraire internationale, de la contrefaçon et de la liberté de la presse. 62 p. 12°. Bruxelles; Leipzig; Gand, C. Muquardt, 1851.

Same: Das literarische eigenthumsrecht, der nachdruck und das wesen der presse in beziehung auf journal- und bücher-literatur. Eine analyse. 80 p. 12°. Brüssel; Leipzig; Gent, C. Muquardt, 1851.

Le droit d'auteur et le brevet d'invention. 8°. Bruxelles, C. Muquardt, 1853.

Review by Gustave de Molinari in "Journal des économistes." v. 35. 8°. Paris, 1853, p. 302-304. MURRAY (W:, earl of Mansfield).

The argu

ments of lord Mansfield, in favour of the author's perpetual copyright, and of those judges whose arguments he read, approved and adopted. In Duppa (R:) An address to the parliament of Great Britain. 2d ed. 8°. London, Longmans, 1813, p. 47-58.

Same. Lord Mansfield's opinion. Letter from Albert Mathews. In Copyright (The) association for the protection and advance

ment of literature and art. International copyright. 8°. New York, 1868, p. 33-35. MURRAY (W: earl of Mansfield). See also Evans (W: D:)

NATION (The). v. I-34, 4°. New York, 1865

1882.

Contains: v. 1, 1865. Editorial notice of G: Ticknor Curtis's opinion in copyright case of Ticknor & Fields vs. Bunce & Huntington; Home ballads by our home poets," p. 437.-v. 2, 1866. Ed. notice of the decision in the case of Haunted Hearts" by Maria S. Cummins; Residence in Canada at the time of publication in England, p. 19. Ed. review of the case of the proprietorship of an opera by Nicolai; Foreigners can hold and transfer a cop. in England, p. 213. Notice of the case of the Christmas illustration of the Illustrated London news; Protection to prints from paintings, p. 611. Ed. notice of the case of Pierre Hubert Nysten's Dictionnaire de médecine, p. 659.—v. 3, 1866. International cop. in Congress, the duty on books; Cop. in songs, the right of an author of a song to control the public singing of it, Editorial, p. 24. v. 4, 1867. Who owns an author's ideas? Anon. reply by Ed. win Lawrence Godkin, to Mr. Merriam's letter in The Springfield republican arguing against int. cop., p. 520522.-v. 6, 1868. Authors versus readers. Anon. review by E. L. Godkin of H: C: Carey's Letters on international copyright, p. 147,148. Copyright and patent right. By Alfred Eastman Walker, p. 168, 169. Ed. note on J: Denison Baldwin's int. cop. bill, p. 169. Simple justice. Anon. art. in favor of int. cop., p. 265-267. Ed. notice of "International copyright" by the Copyright association, p. 452, 453. Notice of S. Low, Son & Marston vs. G: Routledge & sons, case of Haunted hearts by M. S. Cummins, P. 511. v. 7, 1868, Abstract right of copyright. Letter signed A. Ann Arbor, Mich. Rejoinder by ed. Nation, p. 248, 249.-V. 10, 1870. Ed. notice of "Copy before publication ': an anon. review of the case of Crowe vs. Aiken, P. 320, 321. Notice of case of "Frou-Frou, P. 338.-v. 11, 1870. Ed. notice of case of Sutherland Edwards's version of "Frou-Frou," p. 8.-v. 13, 1871. Int. cop. A non. by E. L. Godkin, p. 301, 302.-v. 14, 1872. Ed. notice of Mr. Cox's bill, p. 83. The cop. question." Anon. by E. L. Godkin, p. 101-103. "Protection" for authors. Letter from J. S. Currey, Chicago. Rejoinder by ed. Nation, p. 136. Ed. notice of Dr. Prince-Smith's notions of cop., p. 422.-v. 20, 1875. Ed. notice of. Authors' rights before publication-The representation of manuscript plays, by Eaton Sylvester Drone, p. 78.-v. 21, 1875. Ed. notice of J: Hogg's Caution to publishers; a summary account of the case of Van Voorst v. Hogg, p. 151. Ed. notice of E. S. Drone's Is copyright perpetual? in American law review v. 10, 1876; and Drone's Foreign dramatists under American law in Scribner's monthly v. 11, 1875, P. 293, 294. v. 25, 1877. Ed. notice of Daniel de Folleville's De la propriété littéraire et artistique, p. 229.-v. 26, 1878. Ed. notice of the cases of "Celebrated case" and " iles," p. 199. v. 27, 1878. Ed. notice of report of British cop. commission, p. 24, 25. Notice of Literary congress at Paris, p. 43. Ed. notice of Moy Thomas's review of the cop. report in The Academy, p. 84. Artistic cop. : Ed. notice of art. in Spectator, p. 190, 191.-v. 28, 1879. Drone on copyright: Anon, review by Arthur G: Sedgwick, p. 303, 304.-V. 29, 1879. Publishers and int. cop: Anon. notice of S. S. Conant's article and rejoinder by "C" (Leonard H: Courtney) in Macmillan's magazine. By Arthur G: Sedgwick, p. 340, 341. The Wingate-Laidley controversy: Infringement of copyright. from Theodore T. S. Lidlev, p. 40.-v. 30, 1880. Ed. notices of cases of Pirates of Penzance " and "Our American cousin," p. 97, 98. Ed. notice of Eduard Quaas' cop. art. in Literarische correspondenz, p. 177. Ed. notice of Wilkie Collins's Considerations on the copyright question in International review v. 8, no. 6; and Matthew Arnold's Copyright in Fortnightly review v. 33, no. 159. p. 437.v. 31, 1880. A Philadelphia cop. scheme; "The cop. article to be wholly manufactured in the U. S., published here, and be for sale here within two months after the date of the publication abroad," p. 420, 421. Int. cop.; Letter from H: C: Lea, Philadelphia, Dec. 16, 1880, on the " Philadelphia cop. scheme," and reply by ed. Nation, p. 442, 443. Int. cop.; Letter from H: C: Lea, Philadelphia, Dec. 25, 1880. p. 458. 459.-v. 32, 1881. Abstract of Robert Clarke & co.'s letter on int. cop. to The Publishers' weekly, Jan. 3, 1881, p. 43, 44. English views of int. cop. London, March 18, 1881 Signed R. i.e. W: Fraser Rae, p. 236. v. 33, 1881. Stage-right decision of judge Devens of the Massachusetts supreme court; piracy by memory no piracy, p. 224. The cop. treaty. Anon. by A. G: Sedgwick, p. 229, 230.. Notice of resolutions passed by the Int. literary congress in favor of int. cop., p. 245. Letter to the Evening Post by "Fairness" with ed. remarks; The clause requiring English books to be manufactured in America; Law as to importing cop. books, p. 315. Canadian cop Sir Leonard Tilly's visit to Washington, p. 366. -v. 34, 1882. Mark Twain's visit to Canada: Canadian cop. anon. by A. G: Sedgwick, p. 7. 8. Canadian cop. :

Ex

Letter

"Abstract right of copyright." v. 7, P. 248.

Appleton (W: H.) v. 13, P. 302. V.

14, p. 83, IOI.

Arnold (Matthew). v. 30, p. 437. "Artistic copyright." v. 27, p. 190. Authors' rights before publication." v. 20, p. 78.

"Authors versus readers." v. 6, p.

Ticknor & Fields vs. Bunce & Hun

tington. v. I, p. 437. Van Voorst vs. Hogg.

"Celebrated case."

V. 21, p. 151.

99 v. 26, p. 199.

Clarke (Robert) & co. v. 32, P. 43. Clemens (S: Langhorne).

v. 34, P. 7.

Collins (Wilkie). v. 30, p. 437.
Conant (Stillman S.) v. 29, P. 340.
Congress. v. 3, p. 24. v. 6, p. 169.
v. 14, p. 83.

"

Copy before publication." v. 10, p.

320.

แ

convention between the U. S. and Great Britain, p. 220 Piracy by memorization; Decision of the supreme court of Massachusetts, p. 434.

Nation.

p. 101.

..

"Fairness."

v. 6. "Simple justice." v. 6, p. 255.
Songs (cop. in). v. 3, P. 24.
Stage-right decision. V. 33, P. 224.
Thomas (Moy). v. 27. p. 84.

v. 2, p. 611. V. 33, P. 315.

Copyright association. v. 6, p. 452. Copyright and patent right. v. 6, P. 168.

Contains: 1859. On the protection of property in intellectual labour as embodied in inventions, books, designs, and pictures. By T: Webster, p. 237-244; On international copyright property in works of literature and the fine arts. [Summary of paper by Delabere Roberton Blaine], p. 272, 273.-1862. On international copyright in works of literature, music, and the fine arts. By D. R. Blaine, p. 866-869.-1866. On the best means of extending and securing an international law of copyright. By Anthony Trollope, p. 119-125, and discussion, P. 243. 244-1874. On patent and copyright monopolies. By Robert Andrew Macfie, p. 256-261.-1879. What action should be taken on the report of the Royal commission on copyright? By C: H: E: Carmichael, p. 195–204; [Review of the evidence of the copyright commission on the royalty system. By J. N. Porter], p. 446, 447.-1880. Trade marks and copyright. How can the international difficulty with regard to trade marks and copyright, caused by recent judgments of the supreme court of the United States, best be met? By C: H: E: Carmichael, P. 154-164: Literary copyright: how to practically deal with it. By R. A. Macfie, p. 164-171; Copyright. Report of a sub-committee appointed Dec. 3, 1880, and adopted by the council, Feb. 17, 1881. [Signed by J: Westlake, J: Leybourn Goddard, and W: Fooks], p. 862864.

NEFF (Paul). Ueber die eigenthumsrechte der schriftsteller und künstler und ihrer rechtsnachfolger, 16 p., 8°. Stuttgart, P. Neff, 1838.

v. 33, P. 245.

Ticknor & Fields vs. Bunce and Huntington. V. I, P. 437.

Twain (Mark) see 43lemens

horne).

(S: Lang

Van Voorst vs. Hogg. v. 21, p. 151. Walker (Alfred Eastman). v. 6, p.

168.

"Who owns an author's ideas?" V. 4, P. 520.

NEUMANN (Max). Beiträge zum deutschen verlags- und nachdrucksrechte bei werken der bildenden künste, im anschluss an die frage vom rechtsschutze der photographie gegen nachdruck. xii, 142 p. 8°. Berlin, I Guttentag, 1866.

Der rechtschutz der photographie gegen nachdruck nach den deutschen nachdrucksgesetzen. Eine denkschrift. About 50 p. 8°. Leipzig, R. Hoffmann in comm., 1866. NEUSTETEL (Leopold Joseph). Der büchernachdruck, nach römischem recht betrachtet. I p. 1. 84 p. 12°. Heidelberg, C. Groos, 1824. NEW (The) copyright bill. [Anon.] In "The Eclectic review." N. s. v. 3. 8°. London, June 1838, p. 693-704.

NEW (The) copyright law. [Anon.] In "The American monthly magazine," v. II, or v. 5, n. s. 8°. New York, no. 2. Feb. 1838, p.. 105-112.

THE BOOKSELLERS' UNION. MERELY a suggestion, and not intended to disturb the peaceful slumber of the A. B. T. A. But ever in sympathy with any strike for a higher standard of trade, the PUBLISHERS' WEEKLY watches and puts on record every straw. The suggestion referred to forms the subject of a letter addressed to the London Bookseller. We reprint the letter in full, together with the Book'sellers' appreciative editorial that is to serve it as an introductory :

The letter [below] deserves the attention of the trade. Without committing a breach of confidence, we may say that it is written by a wellknown provincial bookseller, and we take his opinion as representing that of a very large portion of the trade. The question, whether a Booksellers' Union is possible, is not a new one. We believe that a union, with rules not too stringent, and carefully adjusted to the needs of the times, would be of enormous advantage to the trade. The plan suggested by our correspondent for a tentative effort in this direction is a good one, and we shall be happy to give it every assistance in our power. In the mean: time, i the plan commend itself to the trade at large, we shall be glad to hear from those who are willing to join in the movement, and when sufficient names are received, we will forward a printed list to each of the writers, in order that they may judge for themselves the expediency

of further action.

To the Editor of The Bookseller:

SIR-There is one sentence in the "Life of Daniel Macmillan " that should make all bookseilers look around, to see if nothing can be done to better the condition of the retail trade generally. In the year '75, D. M. said, "For in these late movements about booksellers' prof-` its, the retailed profits have been very greatly reduced," and if he said that 25 years ago, what would he say now?

Can a living, or one might say a starving, profit be obtained by selling books-new books? Even the largest sellers of books can gain but barely their working expenses on their pure

bookselling. If they would retain some of the profit for themselves, they are immediately met with the buyer's statement, that if they will not give away all their profits, some eminent publisher in London will supply books on exactly the same terms to the retail buyer as to the bookseller. All booksellers now must sell hundreds of books at a loss, if they wish to retain their trade.

The profit upon books is now reaped by the publisher, the schoolmaster, and the successful author. That the author should reap a profit is fair; but des he get the profit he ought to have, or do his books get introduced to the public as they should be? Take an ordinary bookseller's stock, and how many good works do you miss from the shelves, because these books, being seller to stock? His gross profit, if he sold —, do not pay the bookpublished by Messrs. them, would be, say, 5 per cent; and for this he has all the detail of ordering, entering, marking, stocking, etc., to go through; and if he has one left on his hands, his whole profit is gone and his working expenses are lost. If he could gain a fair profit he would, at least, feel that when he had sold half-a-dozen he could afford to have one left upon his shelves, and that one volume remains a standing advertisement to the author; and if this were the case throughout England, many books would have a good chance of success where now they are never seen, but must be ordered.

Upon school-books the bookseller's profit is generally nil. The schoolmaster reaps a magnificent profit. Why? Publishers say booksellers cannot influence the sale of books, but But. all genuine booksellers can and do do so. often, with a change of masters, comes a change of, at least, part of the books used in a school. The master has published a book, or his friend has, and be it for lads of seven from the stand-point of a man of 50, the lads must swallow it, although they may not digest it.

For this reason the schoolmaster claims his profit, and a pretty big one-one that he would. term robbery if the bookseller had it; and the local bookseller must give him this enormous. profit (for from it the schoolmaster has no working expenses to deduct), or the orders will go, perhaps, to the eminent London publisher.

Now, if the schoolmaster reaped not one penny of profit, exactly the same number of books would be sold, and he would take care to have no trouble even, but would order his pupils to have certain books by certain dates.

To look at this question from another point of view, is the present state of the trade honorable to any one connected with it? Authors have their books called 5s. books when they should be 4s. or 3s. 6d. Publishers lie continually; for they say a book is a Is. book when it is really a gd. one, for they themselves retail it at 9d.. Booksellers have to resort to all sorts of shifts, hardly creditable, to enable them to pay their way honestly, and but too often fail in the end.

Now, is there a remedy for all this trickery, lying, and dishonesty? I believe there is.

Let publishers be publishers, not retail booksellers. Let schoolmasters be schoolmasters, and not booksellers (and this applies to clergymen, librarians, et hoc, etc.). And let booksellers be booksellers, earning a living from the sale of books.

But how is this revolutionary change to be effected?

By a combination, in the first instance, of booksellers and publishers, who shall agree upon what terms they think genuine bookselling may be carried on, without the lying and absurd customs at present in vogue.

A strong combination of booksellers, say fifty, of the leading firms in England or the United Kingdom (all working in their own neighborhood, to induce all the lesser firms to join them), must have great influence with publishers, and surely publishers would be ready to forego their petty profits as retail booksellers if a safer and more honorable business was insured them.

If a published price must be had (which is very doubtful), let all the tricks of the trade, such as odd books, one price at one time and one at another, be abolished; and let the trade have a clear 20 per cent (or 25 per cent at the most). Most bookseller's expenses average 10 to 15 per cent per annum. Let no one receive more than

5 per cent for cash at, say, three months prompt; and let this discount, and this only, be allowed to the public for their cash payments on purchase, and by the public I include every

one not in the trade.

Cash is not worth more than 5 per cent per annum, and the customers would receive 5 per cent for three months, i.e., 20 per cent per annum, for no one should give more than three months' credit.

But, perhaps, a better system would be to abolish the published price entirely. Not one book the less would be sold, but the publishers would sell fewer copies retail, and all would pass through some bookseller's hands; for the public would inquire in their own district the price of an announced work, be it school-book or novel, work of science, travel, or history.

If the publishers will not join the booksellers, let the booksellers combine and work for themselves, with the authors: that is, let it be known that the "Booksellers' Union," consisting of, say, 1000 firms, consider the trading of certain publishers to be unjust and unfair, and that they are at perfect liberty so to continue trading, but the booksellers will not assist them in so trading; and authors placing books in their hands, must reckon this in among the chances of the general sale of their works.

Such an union-and it is quite possible to have such a one-would have a tremendous weight in the country; all joining it must, of course, agree to be loyal to its laws.

Let a start be made by the principal firms in the kingdom and in the Colonies writing to the editor of The Bookseller, simply stating, We, are willing to be promoters and members of the Booksellers' Union ;'"' and on receipt of fifty names, let a meeting be called in some central town Derby, Birmingham, or London, as most convenient-and let preliminary laws be drawn up, each bringing his own set of laws; from these sets the laws to be drafted; then let each firm obtain as many members as possible to the Union; and if the project takes, and surely it will, let a committee and chairman be appointed, let bi-annual meetings be held, a paid secretary be appointed, and directors from the general committee, whose travelling fees, etc., shall be paid. I a-year subscription would insure ample funds. All votes on important questions to be by letter from all the members. Such a movement would sway the trade as it wished; booksellers' stocks would be improved, authors would be benefited, and the present dishonest, lying, tricky state of the

trade would be a thing of the past. Why, the simple letters M. B. U. on a bookseller's card or sign would assure the public they were dealing with an honorable man, a member of an honor-. able trade.

Will you, sir, accept the letters from those who wish something of this kind to be formed, and who in writing simply bind themselves to naught, but that they are ready to aid the trade to emerge from its present state-of course, sending all the names also willing with them to join; and on receipt of the letters, will you announce in your next issue the number of the firms who have written, and call a meeting to meet publishers, and propose a suggested set of laws? Earnestly trusting this letter will not be without an outcome, I am, etc.,

"ONWARD IN HONOR."

He adds that there are now fourteen members of the book-trade auxiliary.

The amount subscribed to the general fund each year entitles the trade to the privileges of the following resolutions :

The following resolutions, adopted by the Hospital Saturday and Sunday Association of New York City, were sent to the Boards of Management of each of the Hospitals of the Association.

Resolved, That it be recommended to the hospitals uniting in this Association, that there be allowed to Auxiliary Hospital Saturday and Sunday Associations the right of admission to any of said hospitals, of such patients as are proper to be received under their respective rules, as may be sent for admission by a designated officer of any Auxiliary Association, at the following rates, viz.:

In the Hospitals for the treatment of general diseases, for the treatment of the diseases of women, and for incur. ables, at the rate of the cure of one patient for one day, for every dollar contributed by any Auxiliary Association to the General Fund of any Hospital Saturday and Sunday Collection.

In the Hospitals for the treatment of children, at the rate of the care of one patient for one day for every seventy

five cents thus contributed.

In the Hospitals for the treatment of diseases of the throat, eye, and ear, at the rate of the care of one patient for one day for every one dollar and twenty-five cents thus contributed.

Provided, however, that each Hospital shall be required to keep patients from Auxiliary Associations for such number of days only as it shall be compensated for, at the rates above allowed for patients, by the whole amount it shall receive from the annual collection; that no Auxiliary Association shall be entitled to keep patients, in any Hospital, for a greater number of days than the Hospital shall be com pensated for, at the rates above specified, by such part of the whole amount received by it, in the annual distribution, as shall be in the proportion of the amount contributed by the Auxiliary Association, in the annual collection, to the whole amount collected, other than amounts specially designated; and that all rights and obligations under this resolution shall be limited to the year commercing on the 1st day of January next after the annual collection.