Imbrue (IV. xxviii. 13) = to moisten or drench. O. Fr. embruer from causal verb beurer formed from O. Fr. bevre=to drink. L. bibere. Imbrue is therefore a causal of imbibe.

Inured (IV. iii. 11)=accustomed. M. E. in ure in operation or in use. O. Fr. oire (Fr. œuvre) = work. From the substantive was formed the verb to 'ure' or 'inure' to accustom.

Jaded (1. vii. 3)= tired.

From substantive jade=an old woman, or

a worthless horse; the origin of which is uncertain.

Jangling (VI. vii. 10)=quarrelling, properly used of bells sounding discordantly. Probably from L. G. root of imitative origin. Cp. L. G. janken to yelp as a dog. From same root comes 'jingle.'

Jennet (v. xxi. 10)= a small Spanish horse. Sp. ginete a horse, originally a horse-soldier, a word of Moorish origin.

Juggler (v1. vi. 24)=a conjurer. O. Fr. jongleur. L. joculator from jocus=a jest.

Ken (1. viii. 14)=view or knowledge. Verb ken=(1) to cause to know or teach, e.g. Piers Plowman, I. 81, "kenne me on Christ to beleeve,” (2) to know or perceive. A word of Scand. origin. Cp. Icel. kenna to know, also A. S. cennan to teach and cunnan to know, from which comes 'can.'

Kern (IV. iv. 19)=(1) a light-armed soldier. Irish ceatharnach=a soldier (th and ch mute), from cath=war.

Knoll (1. xiii. 7)=a hillock or mound. A. S. cnol. Perhaps originally a diminutive of Gaelic cnoc=a hill, or cnag=a knob, from which comes 'knuckle.'

Lackey (II. xxxv. 11)= to act as servant to. Lackey=a footman or man-servant. Derivation uncertain. Perhaps, as suggested by Skeat, through Sp. from Arab. root luka = worthless or, as substantive, a slave.

Latticed (VI. xxiii. 30)=formed of crossed laths. Latticed windows are windows formed of strips of metal crossing each other and so dividing up the window into diamond shaped panes. Fr. lattis from latte a lath, or thin strip of wood; a word of uncertain origin.

Lair (1. i. 3)=a den, or retreat of a wild animal. A. S. leger from licgan to lie down.

Lea (II. ix. 23)=a meadow, from original root meaning to shine. It appears in the names of places as -ley or -leigh. Cp. -loo, as in Waterloo, i.e. water meadow.

Leash (v. xxv. 17)=a strap or thong by which a hawk or hound is held. O. Fr. lesse. L. laxa from L. laxus loose, from which comes 'lax.'

Leech (VI. xii. 26)=a physician; once in common use but now practically obsolete. Connected with A. S. lácnian = to heal.

Lichen (II. v. 1)=an order of fungoid plants that cover rocks and trunks of trees. Through L. from Gk. Xaxýv. Connected with Gk λeixew=to lick up, from the tendency of lichens to spread rapidly.

Limpid (II. xxii. 5)=pure. Fr. limpide. L. lympha=pure water. Allied to Gk. λaμжpós, bright.

Linn (1. iii. 18)=(1) a torrent; (2) as here the ravine worn by a torrent. A Gaelic word. Cp. A. S. hlinna=a brook.

Lore (11. xv. 4)= learning. A. S. lar, from Teutonic root meaning 'to find out,' from which comes 'learn.'

Lorn (VI. i. 16)=lost. A. S. loren, past part. of leosan, from which comes 'lose.'

Lurch (VI. v. 15)=lie in wait for, or plunder. Another form of the word 'lurk.' Of Scand. origin.

Lure (v. iv. 24)=bait, enticement, a term of the chase. O. Fr. loerre. Derivation uncertain.

Mantled (IV. xviii. 7)=overspread. Derivation uncertain, perhaps connected with mantle-a cloak.

Matins (v. II. 6) = morning prayers. Fr. matins from adjective matin morning. L. matutinus.

Mavis (IV. xii. 2) = thrush. Cp. Fr. mauvis, Sp. malvis. All perhaps derived from Breton, milvid=a thrush. Chaucer (Complaint of Creseide) speaks of the 'merle and mavise.'

Meed (v. viii. 5)=wages or reward.

A. S. med.

Menial (1. xxviii. 16)= =a servant; or as adjective (v. xxvi. 4)= slavish. Formed, with suffix -al, from M. E. meine=a household and so meaning 'belonging to the household.' Now generally used in a slightly contemptuous sense.

Mere (1. xxii. 11)=a lake, pool. A. S. mere from a root meaning originally 'that which is dead.' Cp. L. mare=sea, L. mors= death. Merle (IV. xii. 2) = a blackbird. O. F. merle. L. merula.

Mettle (I. iv. 12)= spirit or temper. The same word as metal. It is customary to spell the word metal when used in a literal, mettle when used in a metaphorical sense.

Mew'd (v. vi. 15) = imprisoned, confined. A mew meant a cage. Fr. mue a moulting, from L. mutare to change; 'mews,' meaning stables, meant originally a place where falcons were kept.

Mien (1. xxi. 13)=look, appearance. Fr. mine. O. Italian mena= behaviour, from Low L. minare to lead. L. minari to threaten.

Minion (II. xxxiv. 10)=(1) a darling (Fr. mignon from O. H. G. minna =love and suffix -on); (2) a court favourite. Cp. Marmion, "All his minions led to die;” (3) as here, a despicable person who curries favour by flattery.

Morricers (v. xxii. 3) = Moorish dancers. Morrice=Moorish. Cp. Marmion, I. x. 1, 'morrice-pikes.'

Mould (IV. xv. 20)=form, shape. O. Fr. molde. L. modulum=a measure, from which comes 'model' directly.

Mould (IV. xv. 28)=earth, soil. A. S. molde, from an original Teutonic root meaning 'to grind' or 'crumble.'

Muster (III. xii. 5)=assembly. Through Fr. from Low L. monstra =a review of troops, from L. monstrare to show.

Niggard (vI. vii. 12)=miser. Scand. nigg from a root meaning scanty (cp. A. S. hnedw=sparing) and Fr. suffix -ard of O. H. G. origin. Cp. drunk-ard.

Orisons (I. xxxv. 21)=prayers. Through Fr. from L. oratio=a prayer, from or- stem of L. osa mouth. Oration comes from oratio directly.

Osier (v. iii. 16)= water-willow. O. Fr. osier. Probably from an original root meaning to twine, but the exact form of the word is difficult to explain. Cp. Gk. oloos=an osier.

Ope (111. vi. 14)=open, of which it is merely a shortened form, used

in poetry.

Pageant (v. xx. 29)=a spectacle, show. Original meaning, a moveable scaffold or stage, such as was used for open air plays. M. E. pagent from Low L. pagina=a stage. L. pangere=to fasten. From same root come 'page' and 'pact.'

Palfrey (v. xvii. 25)=a horse; especially a horse used for state occasions. O. Fr. palefroi. Low L. paraveredus, literally=an extra post-horse, from Gk. πapá=beside and Low L. veredus a post-horse from L. vehere to carry and rheda=a four-horse carriage. Cp. G. pferd, Dutch paard.

Pall (IV. xii. 17)=(1) a cloak, especially a state robe, so (2) as here, fine cloth such as was used for state robes; (3) in the modern sense, a cloth used for covering a coffin. A. S. pall.

Pallet (VI. i. 12)=a mattress or bed, originally a mattress of straw. Fr. paille straw. L. palea.

=

Pennon (I. xxvii. 21)=(1) a feather, as in IV. xxiii. 20; (2) a small flag or streamer. Through Fr. from L. penna=a feather. Cp. 'pinion, pinnacle' from same root

Pibroch (I. xxxi. 15)=a tune played on the bagpipes. Gaelic piob a pipe. Allied to English 'pipe.' Of imitative origin.

Pinnacle (1. xi. 10)=a small turret or spire. Fr. pinacle. L. pinnaculum, a double diminutive (suffixes -cu and -lu) from L. pinna=a feather; and hence meaning ‘a feather-like structure.'

Placket (VI. v. 14)=(1) a petticoat; so (2) a woman. Fr. plaquer= to stick on.

Ply (1. xxiv. 16)=(1) to bend, so (2) as here, to bend to, or work steadily at. F. plier=to bend or fold, L. plicare. From same root comes -ply, plex, -ple as in apply, perplex, simple.

Poised (I. xxviii. 5)=weighed. O. Fr. pois from L. pensare=to weigh out, formed from pensus, past part. of pendĕre to weigh, allied to pendere to hang.

Portico (I. xxvi. 16)=a porch. Ital. portico, L. porticus from porta meaning a door, from which 'porch' is derived through Fr.

Prelude (II. xvii. 15) = introduction to a piece of music. Fr. prelude from L. prae- before and ludere to play.

Prick'd (v. xxvii. 3) = spurred, rode, from the use of the spur in riding. Cp. Chaucer, Prol. to Cant. Tales:

"Of pricking and of hunting for the hare

Was all his lust."

Prore (VI. xiii. 1)=the prow, forepart of a ship. Through L. from Gk. πрúpа, connected with πpó-=before. Cp. Pope, Homer Iliad, II. 773, "Twelve galleys with vermilion prores."

Proselyte (VI. xxviii. 10)=convert, one who has come over to a religion, especially to Judaism. Cp. Acts ii. 10. Used here in a metaphorical sense for one under the influence, not of a religion, but of a person. Gk. πроσýλuтos=one who has come to a place, from Gk. πρὸς = to, ἔρχομαι = I come.

Puny (II. xxxvii. 23)=small. Fr. puis-né-born after.

Quail (II. XXV. 30)=(1) to faint; (2) to cower or shrink. Here=to shrink into insignificance in comparison. M. E. quelen. A. S. cwelan = to die.

Quarry (1. vii. 14)= game. Properly a heap of slaughtered animals, in which sense it is used in Shakespeare. Coriolanus, I. i. 204: "I'll make a quarry

With thousands of these quartered slaves."

The

Fr. curee from cuir=the skin (L. corium) and suffix -ee (L. -ata). entrails of the slaughtered animals were given to the dogs wrapped up in the skin, hence curee came to mean the animal slaughtered.

Reck (IV. xix. 13)=regard, care. M. E. rekken from A. S. récan=

care.

= to

Recreant (v. xvi. 4)=a cowardly person. Recreant, O. Fr. pres. part. of recroire to alter one's belief, used like O. Fr. se recredere = to own oneself beaten in a duel.

Reeking (II. xiv. 19)=smoking, steaming. A. S. réc=vapour. Rife (v. xi. 25)=crowded, abounding, a word of Scandinavian origin.

Rout (1. iii. 14)=(1) a defeat (i.e. the breaking up of an army); (2) as here, a disorderly crowd. The same word as 'route'a way. broken or cut through the forest. Fr. route, L. ruptus, past part. of rumpere to break.

Russet (I. xxvi. 14)=reddish brown, often applied to the colour of coarse country dress; in IV. xii. 27 used for the dress itself, though the colour of it is grey.

Sable (II. xiv. 28)=(1) a kind of weasel with black fur; (2) as here, black, in which sense it is used chiefly in heraldry.

Scathed (III. x. 4)=scorched, injured. A. S. sceaðan to harm, from original root meaning to cut or wound.

Scaur (III. xiii. 11)=a cliff or rock. Scand. sker, a rock cut off from the land. Connected with A. S. sceran to cut, from which come 'share,' shear,' etc.

Serried (VI. xvii. 21)=compact, closely knit.

serere to bind together.

Shallop (I. xx. 12)=a light boat.

Through Fr. from L.

Fr. chaloupe, Sp. chalupa.

Derivation unknown. Cp. Spenser, Faerie Queene, III. vii. 27 :

"With the ore

Did thrust the shallop from the floting strand.”

Sheen (1. xi. 25)=(1) glittering; (2) show or glitter. A. S. scebne= showy, fair. Connected with A. S. sceawianto look at, from which comes 'show.'

Shingly (III. vii. 23)=stony, covered with pebbles. Probably of Scand. origin; a word of imitative origin from the crunching noise made in walking along a beach of pebbles.

Shivers (III. iv. 3)=splinters; originally small pieces of anything. Cp. Chaucer, Cant. Tales, “And of your white bread not but a shiver.” Diminutive of shive=a slice, from A. S. sciftanto divide, from which comes 'shift.'