contains a large portion of very excellent land, and a number of well cultivated farms. For from two to three miles from the lake the land is light and sandy, and the timber principally pine; afterwards, it becomes rolling, and the timber the best kinds of hardwood. The Rivers Credit and Etobicoke both run through the township. The village of Cooksville is situated in the township on the Dundas Street and the villages of Springfield, Streetsville, Churchville, and Port Credit, on the River Credit-the first is situated on Dundas Street, and the last at the mouth of the River Credit. There are four grist and twenty-one sw mills in the township.

Population in 1842, 5,377.

Ritable property in the township, £79,585.

TORONTO GORE.

Township in the Home District; is bounded on the east by the township of 'aughan and a small portion of York; on the north-west by Albion; and on the south-west by Chinguacousy and a small portion of Etobicoke. In Tonto Gore 18,206 acres are taken up, 7,784 of which are under cultivation. Ts is a wedge-shaped township, of small size, with its base towards the townsl of Albion. It is watered by branches of the River Humber, and contains se good land. It is well settled, principally by Irish and Scotch, with a f Canadians; and a large portion of the township is under cultivation. There ne grist mill in the township.

Population in 1842, 1,145.

Ratable property in the township, £16,756.

TORONTO.

The District Town of the Home District, situated in the south-east of the wnship of York, on a bay of Lake Ontario. The neighbourhood first comenced settling about fifty years ago; but for some years it advanced very lowly. In 1799 the whole district, which then included a large portion of the urrounding country, which has since been formed into separate districts, couained only 224 inhabitants. In 1817 Toronto (then Little York) contained a population amounting to 1200; in 1826 it had increased to 1,677; and in 1830, to 2860. Since then its progress has been rapid; and in 1842 it contained 15,336 inhabitants; and in 1845, 19,706.

Toronto became the capital of the Upper Province in the year 1797; and remained so till after the union of the Upper and Lower Provinces, when the seat of government was removed to Kingston in 1841 by Lord Sydenham. Had this event taken place ten years sooner, it might have had a serious effect apon the prosperity of the town; but in 1841 Toronto had become a place of too great commercial importance to feel much ill effect from the removal of the government offices, and the loss of the expenditure of a few thousand pounds per annum.

The situation of that portion of the town bordering on the bay is rather low, particularly in the east of the city, towards the River Don; in the west the banks are higher, and the land generally slopes gradually up from the water's edge; so that the farther back from the bay, the higher, drier, and more healthy does the situation become.

Toronto was incorporated in the year 1834. By the act of incorporation the city was divided into five wards, called St. George's, St. Patrick's, St. Andrew's, St. David's, and St. Lawrence's-each ward to have the power to elect two aldermen and two common councilmen, who are to choose the mayor from amongst the aldermen. The corporation to have the power to make by-laws for the regulation of the internal police of the city, &c.

The improvements made in the City of Toronto within the last two years have been astonishing; many new buildings (and those the handsomest in the city) have been erected; and the side-walks, several of which were in a very

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dilapidated state, and some almost impassable, have been relaid and much improved. Toronto now contains ninety-one streets, some of which are of great length; the planked portion of King Street being about two miles long. The extreme length of the city, from the Don Bridge to the western limits of the city, is upwards of three miles. Property which was purchased a few years since for a mere trifle, has increased wonderfully in value; and many houses in King Street pay a ground rent of £100. Rents are generally as high as in the best business situations in London, England; and some houses in good situations for business let at from £200 to £250 per annum.

Among the public buildings those particularly deserving of notice are the new front to Osgoode Hall, the banks, and St. George's Church. The Lunatic Asylum and the Catholic Cathedral, now erecting, will be extesive and handsome buildings. Besides these, many of the private buildings ave added greatly to the embellishment of the city and its environs. The new stres at present erecting in King Street, from the design of Mr. Thomas the ahitect, will be when finished the handsomest buildings of the kind in Canada, ad equal to anything to be seen in England.

The public buildings in Toronto comprise the Jail, a large stone build, situated in the east end of the town; the Court-house, which is of brick, d contains the district offices; the old Market-house, over which are the Newsro and Athenæum (or Public Library); the new City Hall, where are kept i offices of the corporation officers, and the police office; the Upper Cana College; the old Parliament Buildings (part of which is at present occupi by the officials of King's College); the Hospital; and the Post Office. The are within the city twenty-one churches and chapels; of these five are Epi copal, one Church of Scotland, one Presbyterian Church of Canada, oI United Secession Presbyterian, two Roman Catholic, two British Wesleyan one Primitive Methodist, two Canadian Wesleyan, one Congregational, on Christian, one Unitarian, one Baptist, one Disciples, and two for coloure people-Methodist and Baptist. There are also a House of Industry, Mechanic's Institute, two Fireman's Halls, Fish Market, Custom-house and Barracks.

The city is lighted with gas, and there are water-works for the conveyance of water from the bay to the different houses; and there are also in the city regular stations for coaches and cabs. Steamboats leave daily for Kingston, Hamilton, Niagara, Queenston and Lewiston, and Rochester, calling at Port Hope, Cobourg and other intermediate places; and stages leave daily for all parts of the country. Omnibuses have been established to run regularly to Richmond Hill, Thornhill, Cooksville and Streetsville, and every hour from the market place to Yorkville; and a horse ferry-boat plies during the day between the city and the opposite island.

Amongst the different societies and institutions are to be found the Freemasons, who have a provincial grand lodge; the St. George's, St. Patrick's and St. Andrew's Societies, St. Patrick's Benevolent Society, three Odd Fellows' Lodges, a Home District Agricultural Society, Toronto Horticultural Society, the Medico-chirurgical Society, Toronto Athenæum. Church Society, Bible Society, Mechanic's Institute, a Dispensary, a Theatre (the performers in which are principally amateurs), a Temperance Reformation Society, a Turf Club, Cricket Club, Curling Club and Chess Club, four Fire Companies with four engines, two Hook and Ladder Companies, a Hose Company, and a Property Protection Company. There are also a Home District Savings Bank, a Fire and Life Assurance Company, and a Mutual Fire Insurance Company.The University of King's College is empowered to grant degrees in the several arts and sciences; the Presbyterians have a Theological Seminary, and the Congregationalists an Academy.

Ten newspapers are published in Toronto; viz., British Canadian, Herald, Patriot, British Colonist, Examiner, Christian Guardian, Star, Mirror, Banner