144 Ter. Phor. 902 Quid ád me ibatis? Ridiculum: uerěbámini. Mil. 1137 Séquimini: simul círcumspicite, né quis adsit árbiter. Sti. 179 Per ănnónam caram dixit me natúm pater. Am. 504 Séd ubi summus imperator nón adest ad exércitum. Aul. 165 Núnc ego ĭstúm, soror, laborem démam et deminuám tibi. Pers. 318 Enim métuo, ut possim reicere in bubilem, ne uagentur. Trin. 1052 Si mage exigere occipias, duarum rérum exoritur óptio. Ter. Phor. 352 Negăt Phánium esse hanc sibi cognatam Démipho. 557 Quantum opus est tibi ărgénti, loquere. Ter. And. 261 Amòr, mísericordia húius, nuptiárum sollicitátio. Mil. 362 Erf concubina est haec quidem. P. Mihi quóque 1037 Adeát, si quid uolt. P. Si quid uis, adĬ, múlier. M. Pulcer, sálue. Poen. 416 Dedi dúdum, prius quam me éuocauistí foras. 145 Ter. Phor. 648 Vt ad paúca redeam ac míttam illius inéptias. Poen. 1171 Vt haec inueniantur hódie esse huius filiae. Sti. 107 Quid istuc est quod huc éxquaesitum múlierum morés uenis? 146 Ep. 418 Quae hic ádministráret ád rem diuinám tibi. Sti. 716 Haúd tuom istuc ést uereri te. Eripe ĕx óre tibias. Mil. 1043 Heus dignior fuit quisquam hómo qui esset? P. Non hércle humanust érgo. 147 1024 Age age, út tibi maxumě cóncinnumst. P. Nullúmst hoc stolidius sáxum. 1031 Adsum; imperă, si quid uís. PY. Quid illaec narrát tibi? PA. Lamentári. From the above instances it appears (1) that the forward influence of the ictus is not confined to iambic words; the iambus always begins with the beginning of a word, but it may be made up of two words, with or without elision, or of a monosyllable and the first syllable of a succeeding word, or of the two first syllables of a polysyllabic word; (2) that the backward influence is exercised whether the ictus falls on a long syllable (~) or on the first of two equivalent short ones (~~~~), and whether the syllables concerned form one or two complete words or part only of a word or words. 8 The matter, then, may be summed up thus : When the arsis or thesis of a foot in an Iambic, Trochaic or Anapaestic line consists of two syllables which in ordinary Prosody would form an iambus, the long syllable (whether long by nature or position) is shortened by reason of the ictus falling upon either the preceding or the following syllable; when this happens in arsi, i.e. when the influence of the ictus is forward, the iambus always begins with the beginning of a word; but when it happens in thesi this is not always the case1. 1 Prof. Tyrrell in his edition of the Miles states the matter thus:-"(1) In words, or combinations of words, forming in ordinary Prosody an iambus, if the accent (or ictus metricus) be on the first syll., the long unaccented syll. is shortened. (2) In words or combinations of words similarly forming a bacchius (~—-), if the accent (or ictus metricus) be on the third syll., the second is shortened." To the wording of the first rule no exception can be taken, for the ictus can never fall on a short syllable unless the following syllable is intended to be also short, the two together representing the long syllable which in the original or proper foot of the measure would receive the ictus. But the wording of the second rule is open to objection; the case, as so stated, is for instance invariable in cretics, without of course the second syllable being shortened; e.g. in 239 Nám secundúm patrem, the word secundum forms a bacchius with the ictus on 149 150 The following are the most certain instances in the Captiui; other cases, in which either the scansion or the reading is uncertain, or in which independent ground exists for suspicion, are noticed in the metrical notes. (1) Forward influence of the ictus (i.e. in a resolved arsis): a. Vowels long by nature. 152 hábě, 196 lábos, 250 în hăc, 286 uidělicet, 607 iúbě, 609 tácě, 883 uídě. b. Vowels long by position. 70 quía inuocatus, 193 ápud trapezitam, 246 quód hõstica, 261 ápud uos, 279 quid ipsus, 330 ápud uos, 334 séd is priuatam, 335 pól is quidem, 363 quód is uelit, 426 id ut scias, 441 tibi în perpetuom, 541 quid istuc, 551 prócùl recedas, 557 uíděn tu, 568 énim repertus, 571 négo inquam, 595 uíděn tu, 597 ápůd carnificem, 620 séd hoc primum, 626 ápůd te, 698 sit hoc negoti, 877 ábi în malam, 972 quía ecfugi, 997 séd ěccum, 1021 pátěr meus. (2) Backward influence of the ictus (i.e. in a resolved thesis): 18 domo quém, 21 domě séruit, 60 foris illic, 90 uel ire éxtra, 133 quis hic loquitur, 167 habě módo, 197 domě fúistis, 343 uelis perferat, 364 dedi uiginti, 642 uidě sís, 870 abě stultus. b. Vowels long by position. 22 enim uero, 49 ut in séruitute, 71 scio ăbsúrde, 83 in occulto, 124 ita ut dicis, 246 perque cõnséruitium, 498 quid ěst suáuius, 534 enim uéro, 572 quiděm quám, 597 atra pix ágitet, 617 ego intér, 657 quidem mé, 913 nimìsque hércle, 917 cocum pércontabatur, 999 enim uéro. the last, yet the second is of course long. Again, suppose a trochaic line beginning Séd amicós or an iambic line beginning Sed is amicós; the word amicos would come under the rule as worded above, yet surely its second syllable would not be shortened. 1 Moreover there are a few words of very common occurrence in which vowels long by position are generally considered to be shortened in Pl. independently of the metrical ictus. These are ille inde unde nempe esse, and perhaps one or two others. The following examples, among others, shew, if the text be genuine, that Pl. occasionally used these words with the first syllable short, in positions where the ictus would not affect it. 52 Men. 57 Epidámniensis ille quem dudum díxeram. Most. 205 Tu iam quod quaerebás habes; ille té nisi amabit últro. Trin. 137 İlle quí mandauit eum éxturbasti ex aédibus. 853 Ílle qui me conduxit ubi condúxit abduxit domum. Am. 156 Inde crás e promptuária cellá depromar ád flagrum. Aul. 366 Inde cóctam sursum súbducemus córbulis. Poen. 2 Inde mi principium cápiam ex ea tragoédia. 1153 Înde pórro ad puteum atque ád robustum códicem. 109 Unde sit, quoiatis, cáptane an surrúpta sit. Trin. 218 Unde quidque auditum dicant: nisi id adpareat. Mil. 906 Němpe ludificari militem tuum erúm uis? P. Exlocúta es. 922 Němpe tú nouisti militem, meum erúm? A. Rogare mírumst. As. 837 Credam istuc, si esse te hilarum uidero. Án tu esse me tristém putas? Mil. 1118 Dicás uxorem tibi necessum esse dúcere. There are two other words in which Pl. scans as short a syllable which later poets treat as long, viz. frustră and neutiquam. Frustra with the a short occurs six times in Pl., always in the phrase ne frustră sis: viz. Cap. 854 and Men. 692 Tu húc post hunc diém pedem intro nón feres, ne frústra sis. Merc. 528 Nunc mulier, ne tu frústra sis, mea nón es; ne arbitrére. 153 Rud. 969 Nón ferat si dóminus ueniat? G. Dóminus huic, ne frústra sis. 1255 Ego tibi daturus níl sum, ne tu frústra sis. Pers. 141 Numquam hércle hodie hic príus edis, ne frústra sis. Everywhere else in Pl. and Ter. the a is elided or doubtful; in other authors it is always long. Probably in these passages Pl. reproduces the common pronunciation of a colloquial expression. Neutiquam always has the first short in Pl. and Ter., and was probably written in two words, ne utiquam; see Comm. on 586. For the scansion, cf. Poen. 199 Sine dámno magno quae élui ne utiquám potest. mihi. And. 330 Égo, Charine, ne útiquam officium liberi esse hominús puto. Dierectus occurs 13 times in Pl., viz. Cap. 636, 2 Curc. 240 Bac. 579 Recéde hinc dierécte. Vt pulsat própudium. 1 Cas. 103 Abi rús, abi dieréctus tuam in prouinciam. Lien dierectust. Ámbula; id lieni óptumumst. Men. 442 Dúcit lembum díerectum náuis praedatória. 3 Merc. 183 Ín hinc dieréctus? Nugare in re capitali mea. 756 Abin dierectus? Haúd malast. At tú malu's. 1 1 1 Most. 8 Abi rús; abi dierécte; abscede ab iánua. 1 Poen. 160 Abi dierectus. Dic mihi uero sério. 347 Béllua hercle. I dierecte in máxumam malám crucem. Rud. 1170 Súcula. Quin tu i dierecta cúm sucula et cum |