CONTENTS AND ILLUSTRATIONS.
[The portrait of Justin Winsor, the frontispiece to this volume, is reproduced from a photograph by Pach
Brothers in 1888. The cut on the title represents a mask, which forms the centre of the Mexican
Calendar Stone, as engraved in D. Wilson's Prehistoric Man, 1, 333, from a cast now in the Collec-
tion of the Society of Antiquaries in Scotland.]
A. The Form of the Earth, 38; B. Homer's Geography, 39; C. Supposed References to
America, 40; D. Atlantis, 41; E. Fabulous Islands of the Atlantic in the Middle Ages,
46; F. Toscanelli's Atlantic Ocean, 51. G. (By the Editor.) Early Maps of the At-
lantic Ocean, 53.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Map of the Fifteenth Century, 53; Map of Fr. Pizigani (A. D. 1367), and
of Andreas Bianco (1436), 54; Catalan Map (1375), 55; Map of Andreas Benincasa
(1476), 56; Laon Globe, 56; Maps of Bordone (1547), 57, 58; Map made at the End of
the Fifteenth Century, 57; Ortelius's Atlantic Ocean (1587), 58.
PRE-COLUMBIAN EXPLORATIONS. Justin Winsor
ILLUSTRATIONS: Norse Ship, 62; Plan of a Viking Ship, and her Rowlock, 63: Norse
Boat used as a Habitation, 64; Norman Ship from the Bayeux Tapestry, 64; Scandinavian
A. Early Connection of Asiatic Peoples with the Western Coast of America, 76; B. Ireland
the Great, or White Man's Land, 82; C. The Norse in Iceland, 83; D. Greenland and its
Ruins, 85; E. The Vinland Voyages, 87; F. The Lost Greenland Colonies, 107; G.
Madoc and the Welsh, 109; H. The Zeni and their Map, 111; I. Alleged Jewish Migra-
tion, 115; J. Possible Early African Migrations, 116.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Behring's Sea and Adjacent Waters, 77; Buache's Map of the North
Pacific and Fusang, 79; Ruins of the Church at Kakortok, 86; Fac-simile of a Saga
Manuscript and Autograph of C. C. Rafn, 87; Ruin at Kakortok, 88; Map of Juliane-
haab, 89; Portrait of Rafn, 90; Title-page of Historia Vinlandia Antiquæ per Thor-
modum Torfæum, 91; Rafn's Map of Norse America, 95; Rafn's Map of Vinland (New
England), 100; View of Dighton Rock, 101; Copies of its Inscription, 103; Henrik Rink,
106; Fac-simile of the Title-page of Hans Egede's Det gamle Gronlands nye Perlus-
tration, 108; A British Ship of the Time of Edward I, 110; Richard H. Major, 112;
Baron Nordenskjöld, 113.
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ILLUSTRATIONS: The Maps of Claudius Clavus (1427), 118, 119; of Fra Mauro (1459), 120;
Tabula Regionum Septentrionalium (1467), 121; Map of Donis (1482), 122; of Henricus
Martellus (1489-90), 122; of Olaus Magnus (1539), 123; (1555), 124; (1567), 125; of
Bordone (1547), 126; The Zeno Map, 127; as altered in the Ptolemy of 1561, 128; The
Map of Phillipus Gallæus (1585), 129; of Sigurd Stephanus (1570), 130; The Greenland
of Paul Egede, 131; of Isaac de la Peyrère (1647), 132.
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I. The Authorities on the so-called Civilization of Ancient Mexico and Adjacent Lands, and
the Interpretation of such Authorities, 173; II. Bibliographical Notes upon the Ruins
and Archæological Remains of Mexico and Central America, 176; III. Bibliographical
Notes on the Picture-Writing of the Nahuas and Mayas, 197.
ILLUSTRATIONS: The Pyramid of Cholula, 177; The Great Mound of Cholula, 178; Mex-
ican Calendar Stone, 179; Court of the Mexico Museum, 181; Old Mexican Bridge near
Tezcuco, 182; The Indio Triste, 183; General Plan of Mitla, 184; Sacrificial Stone, 185;
Waldeck, 186; Désiré Charnay, 187; Charnay's Map of Yucatan, 188; Ruined Temple
at Uxmal, 189; Ring and Head from Chichen-Itza, 190; Viollet-le-Duc's Restoration of
a Palenqué Building, 192; Sculptures from the Temple of the Cross at Palenqué, 193;
Plan of Copan, 194; Yucatan Types of Heads, 195; Plan of Quirigua, 196; Fac-simile
of Landa's Manuscript, 198; A Sculptured Column, 199; Palenqué Hieroglyphics, 201;
Léon de Rosny, 202; The Dresden Codex, 204; Codex Cortesianus, 206; Codex Perezi-
anus, 207, 208.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Brasseur de Bourbourg's Map of Northwestern South America, 210;
Early Spanish Map of Peru, 211; Llamas, 213; Architectural Details at Tiahuanaca, 214;
Bas-Reliefs, 215; Doorway and other Parts, 216; Image, 217; Broken Doorway, 218;
Tiahuanaca Restored, 219; Ruins of Sacsahuaman, 220; Inca Manco Ccapac, 228; Inca
Yupanqui, 228; Cuzco, 229; Warriors of the Inca Period, 230; Plan of the Temple of
the Sun, 234; Zodiac of Gold, 235; Quipus, 243; Inca Skull, 244; Ruins at Chucuito,
245; Lake Titicaca, 246, 247; Map of the Lake, 248; Primeval Tomb, Acora, 249; Ruins
at Quellenata, 249; Ruins at Escoma, 250; Sillustani, 250; Ruins of an Incarial Village,
251; Map of the Inca Road, 254; Peruvian Metal-Workers, 256; Peruvian Pottery, 256,
257; Unfinished Peruvian Cloth, 258.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Benjamin Smith Barton, 371; Louis Agassiz, 373; Samuel Foster Haven,
374; Sir Daniel Wilson, 375; Professor Edward B. Tylor, 376; Hochelagan and Cro-
magnon SV
, 377; Theodor Waitz, 378; Sir John Lubbock, 379; Sir John William
Dawson, 380; Map of Aboriginal Migrations, 381; Calaveras Skull, 385; Ancient Foot-
print from Nicaragua, 386; Cromagnon, Enghis, Neanderthal, and Hochelagan Skulls,
389; Oscar Peschel, 391; Jeffries Wyman, 392; Map of Cape Cod, showing Shell Heaps,
393; Maps of the Pueblo Region, 394, 397; Col. Charles Whittlesey, 399; Increase A.
Lapham, 400; Plan of the Great Serpent Mound, 401; Cincinnati Tablet, 404; Old View
of the Mounds on the Muskingum (Marietta), 405; Map of the Scioto Valley, showing
Sites of Mounds, 406; Works at Newark, Ohio, 407; Major J. W. Powell, 411.
PART I. AMERICANA IN LIBRARIES AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES.
ARRISSE, in the Introduction of his Bibli
otheca Americana Vetustissima, enumerates and characterizes many of the bibliographies of Americana, beginning with the chapter, "De Scriptoribus rerum Americanarum," in the Bibliotheca Classica of Draudius, in 1622.1 De Laet, in his Nieuwe Wereldt (1625), gives a list of about thirty-seven authorities, which he increased somewhat in later editions.2 The earli est American catalogue of any moment, however, came from a native Peruvian, Léon y Pinelo, who is usually cited by the latter name only. He had prepared an extensive list; but he published at Madrid, in 1629, a selection of titles only, under the designation of Epitome de la biblioteca oriental i occidental, which in cluded manuscripts as well as books. He had exceptional advantages as chronicler of the Indies.
In 1671, in Montanus's Nieuwe weereld, and in Ogilby's America, about 167 authorities are enumerated.
Sabin refers to Cornelius van Beughem's Bibliographia Historica, 1685, published at Amsterdam, as having the titles of books on America.
The earliest exclusively American catalogue is the Bibliotheca Americana Primordia of White Kennett, Bishop of Peterborough, published in London in 1713. The arrangement of its sixteen hundred entries is chronological; and it enters under their respective dates the sections of such collections as Hakluyt and Ramusio. It particularly pertains to the English colonies, and more especially to New England, where, in the eighteenth century, three distinctively valuable American libraries are known to have existed, - that of the Mather family, which was in large part destroyed during the battle of Bunker Hill, in 1775; that of Thomas Prince, still in large part existing in the Boston Public Library; and that of Governor Hutchinson, scattered by the mob which attacked his house in Boston in 1765.7
In 1716 Lenglet du Fresnoy inserted a brief list (sixty titles) in his Méthode pour étudier la géographie. Garcia's Origen de los Indias de el nuevo mundo, Madrid, 1729, shows a list of about seventeen hundred authors.8
In 1737-1738 Barcia enlarged Pinelo's work, translating all his titles into Spanish, and added
1 Herrera failed to add a list of authors to the original edition of his Historia (1601-1615), but one of about thirty-three entries is found in later editions.
3 Sabin, vol. x. no. 40,053; Carter-Brown, vol. ii. no. 347; Rich (1832), no. 188; Trübner, Bibliograph ical Guide to American Literature, p. viii; Murphy, no. 1,471.
4 Dictionary, vol. ii. no. 5,102.
5 For an account of a likeness, see J. C. Smith's British Mezzotint Portraits, iv. no. 1,694.
6 The book, of which 250 copies only were printed, is rare, and Quaritch prices it at £3 (Sabin, vol. ix. no. 37.447). It preserves some titles which are not otherwise known; and represents a library which Kennett had gathered for presentation to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. Rich (Bibl. Amer, nova, i. 21) says the index was made by Robert Watts. Although Stevens (Historical Collections, L142) says that the hooks were dispersed, the library is still in existence in London, though it lacks many titles given in the printed catalogue, and shows others not in that volume. Cf. Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., xx. 274; Allibone, ii. 1020; James Jackson's Bibliographies géographiques (Paris, 1881), no. 606; Trübner's Bibliographical Guide, p. ix; Sabin, Bibliography of Bibliographies, p. lxxxvii.
Memorial History of Boston, vol. i. pp. xviii, xix; vol. ii. pp. 221, 426.
The original edition was Valencia, 1607. Carter-Brown, vol. ii. no. 52.
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