Elementary Treatise on Natural Philosophy, Parte1D. Appleton and Company, 1881 |
Otras ediciones - Ver todas
Términos y frases comunes
air-pump amount apparatus applied Archimedes atmospheric pressure axis barometer beam body bottom Boyle's law called capillary carbonic acid centre of gravity centre of mass centrifugal force cistern compressed consequence corresponding cubic cubic centimetre curve cycloid cylinder denote density depression descend diameter difference of level diminishes direction distance divisions earth effect employed equator equilibrium example exerted experiment fact fall force of gravity formula free surface gases given grammes hydrometer immersed inch increases inertia instrument intensity of gravity latter length lever liquid liquid displaced litre machine Manometer measured metre millimetres motion move observed obtained oscillation parallel particles perpendicular phenomena physical piezometer piston plane point of application position pressure equal produce proportional pump pump-barrel reservoir resultant rotation scale simple pendulum solid space traversed specific gravity suppose suspended temperature thread tion tube upward pressure velocity vertical vessel vibration volume weight zero
Pasajes populares
Página 143 - Fig. 27, the column being sustained by the pressure of the atmosphere upon the surface of the mercury in the shorter arm, the end of which is open. A small float of iron or glass rests upon the mercury in the shorter arm of the tube, and is suspended by a slender thread, which is passed round a wheel carrying an index.
Página 92 - If a vessel full of water, closed on all sides, has two openings, the one a hundred times as large as the other, and if each be supplied with a piston which fits exactly, a man pushing the small piston will exert a force which will equilibrate that of a hundred men pushing the Fig. 49.-PaMars Principle. piston which is a hundred times as large, and will overcome that of ninety-nine.
Página 71 - ... isochronous. To obtain strictly isochronous vibrations we must substitute for the circular arc a curve which possesses the property of having an inclination whose sine is simply proportional to distance measured along the curve from the lowest point. The curve which possesses this property is the cycloid. It is the curve which is traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls along a straight line. The cycloidal pendulum is constructed by suspending an ivory ball or some other...
Página 93 - ... a vessel full of water is a new principle of mechanics, and a new machine for the multiplication of force to any required degree, since one man will by this means be able to raise any given weight. "It is besides, worthy of admiration that in this new machine we find that constant rule which is met with in all the old ones, such as the lever, wheel and axle, screw, etc., which is that the distance is increased in...
Página 170 - A defence of the doctrine touching the spring and weight of the air, against the objections of Franciscus Linus.
Página 120 - When two or more substances are mixed without either shrinkage or expansion (that is, when the volume of the mixture is equal to the sum of the volumes of the components), the density of the mixture can easily be expressed in terms of the quantities and densities of the components.
Página 131 - ... particulars), there is (at any specified temperature) a definite angle of contact, which is independent of the directions of the surfaces with regard to the vertical. 2. Every liquid behaves as if a thin film, forming its external layer, were in. a state of tension, and exerting a constant effort to contract. This tension, or contractile force, is exhibited over the whole of the free surface (that is, the surface which is exposed to air); but wherever the liquid is in contact with a solid, its...
Página 198 - The tube cd consists of two parts, connected by a piece of india-rubber tubing, which can be compressed by a clamp so as to keep the tube closed when desired. As soon as the mercury is allowed to run down, the exhaustion begins, and the whole length of the tube, from x to d, is seen to be filled with cylinders of mercury separated by cylinders of air, all moving downwards. Air and mercury escape through the spout of the bulb B, which is above the basin H, where the mercury is collected. This has...
Página 105 - Archimedean theorem, that, when a solid body is immersed in a liquid it loses a portion of its weight, equal to the weight of the fluid which it displaces, or to the weight of its own bulk of the liquid.
Página 226 - THEOREM. 163. If an opening is made in the side of a vessel containing water, the liquid escapes with a velocity which is greater as the surface of the liquid in the vessel is higher above the orifice, or to employ the usual phrase, as the head of liquid is greater. This point in the dynamics of liquids was made the subject of experiments by Torricelli, and the result arrived at by him was that the velocity of efflux is equal to that which would be acquired by a body falling freely from the upper...