The Theory of Strains in Girders and Similar Structures: With Observations of the Application of Theory to Practice, and Tables of the Strength and Other Properties of MaterialsD. Van Nostrand, 1873 - 632 páginas |
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Otras ediciones - Ver todas
Términos y frases comunes
angle apex apices arch bars Blaenavon Boyne Viaduct breaking weight bridge cast-iron coefficient of elasticity continuous girder cross section crushing strength cylinder deflection curve depth diameter distance Ditto equal equation experiments feet long Gault clay girder of uniform Hence horizontal elastic forces horizontal strains intersection iron lattice girder left abutment length loaded uniformly lower flange maximum strains method of moments neutral axis number of bays obtained passing load permanent load pillar plate points of inflexion Portland cement pressure quantity of material R₁ radius rafter reaction rectangular girder represent resistance rivets seco sectional area segment semi-girder shearing-strain solid rectangular spandrils square inch steel Strains in tons strains produced Strength of Materials struts Taking moments round tensile strain tensile strength tension thickness thrust tons per square transverse strain triangles truss tube uniform strength unit-strain upper flange versine vertical W₁ wall-plate weight per square wrought-iron
Pasajes populares
Página 470 - The magnitude of the blow in each set of experiments being made greater or smaller, as occasion required. The general result obtained was, that when the blow was powerful enough to bend the bars through one-half of their ultimate deflection (that is to say, the deflection which corresponds to their fracture by dead pressure), no bar was able to stand 4000 of such blows in succession ; but all the bars (when sound) resisted the effects of 4000 blows, etch bending them through one-third of their ultimate...
Página 472 - In wrought-iron bars no very perceptible effect was produced by 10,000 successive deflections by means of a revolving cam, each deflection being due to half the weight which, when applied statically, produced a large permanent flexure.
Página 250 - A long, uniform, cast-iron pillar, with its ends firmly fixed, whether by means of discs or otherwise, has the same power to resist breaking as a pillar of the same diameter, and half the length, with the ends rounded or turned so that the force would pass through the axis.
Página 249 - The strength of a pillar, with one end rounded and the other flat, is the arithmetical mean between that of a pillar of the same dimensions with both ends round, and one with both ends flat. Thus, of three cylindrical pillars, all of the same length...
Página 306 - In screwed bolts the breaking strain is found to be greater when old dies are used in then- formation than when the dies are new, owing to the iron becoming harder by the greater pressure required in forming the screw thread when the dies are old and blunt than when new and sharp.
Página 249 - Thus, of three cylindrical pillars, all of the same length and diameter, the first having both its ends rounded, the second with one end rounded and one flat, and the third with both ends flat, the strengths are as 1, 2, 3, nearly.
Página 470 - A heavy ball was suspended by a wire eighteen feet long from the roof, so as to touch the centre of the side of the bar. By drawing this ball out of the vertical position at right angles to the length of the bar, in the manner of a pendulum, to any required distance, and suddenly releasing it, it could be made to strike a horizontal blow upon the bar; the magnitude of which could be regulated at pleasure, either by varying the size of the ball or the distance from which it was released.
Página 431 - Ibs. is sufficient to produce fracture if passed over them at the rate of 30 miles an hour. It also appeared that when motion was given to the load, the points of greatest deflection, and, still more, of the greatest strains, did not remain in the centre of the bars, but were removed nearer to the remote extremity of the bar. The bars, when broken by a travelling load, were always fractured at points beyond their centres, and often broken into four or five pieces, thus indicating the great and unusual...
Página 483 - In a wrought-iron or steel bridge the greatest load which can be brought upon it, added to the weight of the super-structure, should not produce a greater strain on any part of the material than five tons, where wrought-iron is used, or six tons and a half, where steel is employed, per square inch.
Página 361 - ... for copper plates. Multiply the constant number by the given diameter in inches, and by the thickness in inches ; the product is the pressure in pounds, which will be required to punch a hole of a given diameter, through a plate of a given thickness. It was observed that, duration of pressure lessened considerably the ultimate force necessary to punch through metal, and that the use of oil on the punch reduced the pressure about eight per cent. A drawing of the experimental lever and apparatus...