Vindication of the French revolution of February, 1848; in reply to Lord Brougham and others. Appendix. Enfranchisement of women. Dr. Whewell on moral philosophy. Grote's history of Greece. A few words on nonintervention. The slave power. UtilitarianismHolt, 1873 |
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action admitted appears asserted Athenian Athens Bentham Cairnes capable character civilized common condition conduct consequences consider Constitution cultivation democracy Deontology desire despotism doctrine duty England equally ethical evil exist expediency fact faculties favor feeling foreign France freedom French give Grecian Greece Grote happiness human idea improvement individual influence injustice institutions interest justice Lamartine legislation liberty Lord Brougham Louis Blanc Louis Philippe mankind means ment mind mode moral philosophy moral rules nation nature never object obligation oligarchical opinion pain party Pericles person philosophy Plato pleasure political popular practical present principle of utility produce profess Provisional Government punishment question reason regard Revolution selfish sense sentiment Slave Power slavery social society Socrates Sparta standard supposed sympathy theory Theramenes thing thought Thucydides tion truth unjust utilitarian virtue Whewell Whewell's whole women writers wrong
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Página 308 - The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.
Página 284 - The parent storms, the child looks on, catches the lineaments of wrath, puts on the same airs in the circle of smaller slaves, gives a loose to the worst of passions, and thus nursed, educated, and daily exercised in tyranny, cannot but be stamped by it with odious peculiarities.
Página 165 - The day may come, when the rest of the animal creation may acquire those rights which never could have been withholden from them but by the hand of tyranny. The French have already discovered that the blackness of the skin is no reason why a human being should be abandoned without redress to the caprice of a tormentor. It may...
Página 309 - ... pleasure, and freedom from pain, are the only things desirable as ends; and that all desirable things (which are as numerous in the utilitarian as in any other scheme) are desirable either for the pleasure inherent in themselves, or as means to the promotion of pleasure and the prevention of pain.
Página 368 - We do not call anything wrong, unless we mean to imply that a person ought to be punished in some way or other for doing it; if not by law, by the opinion of his fellow-creatures ; if not by opinion, by the reproaches of his own conscience.
Página 304 - ... the influence of actions on happiness is a most material and even predominant consideration in many of the details of morals, however unwilling to acknowledge it as the fundamental principle of morality, and the source of moral obligation. I might go much further, and say that to all those a priori moralists who deem it necessary to argue at all, utilitarian arguments are indispensable.
Página 323 - I must again repeat what the assailants of utilitarianism seldom have the justice to acknowledge, that the happiness which forms the utilitarian standard of what is right in conduct is not the agent's own happiness but that of all concerned. As between his own happiness and that of others, utilitarianism requires him to be as strictly impartial as a disinterested and benevolent spectator. In the golden rule of Jesus of Nazareth, we read the complete spirit of the ethics of utility. 'To do as you...
Página 357 - ... imparts certainty; and it is because of the importance to others of being able to rely absolutely on one's feelings and conduct, and to oneself of being able to rely on one's own, that the will to do right ought to be cultivated into this habitual independence. In other words, this state of the will is a means to good, not intrinsically a good; and does not contradict the doctrine that nothing is a good to human beings but in so far as it is either itself pleasurable, or a means of attaining...
Página 331 - ... and, if the principle of utility is good for anything, it must be good for weighing these conflicting utilities against one another and marking out the region within which one or the other preponderates.
Página 307 - ... capable of so absurd a misconception; which is the more extraordinary, inasmuch as the contrary accusation, of referring everything to pleasure, and that too in its grossest form, is another of the common charges against utilitarianism : and, as has been pointedly remarked by an able writer, the same sort of persons, and often the very same persons, denounce the theory ' as impracticably dry when the word utility precedes the word pleasure, and as too practicably voluptuous when the word pleasure...