In witness whereof the said parties hereto have hereunto set their hands and seals the day and year first above written. It is best, but not necessary, to have both partners sign. Each signature should be accompanied with a seal. 339-340 APPENDIX.1 The wigwam is superseded by houses built of logs before sawmills are erected in a new country. Combining, as it does, not a few excellences, this style of building deserves more consideration than it receives. There is no good reason why a well built log house should not be as comfortable as any other. Logs are non-conductors of heat. The sun does not "strike through them," as through a common hollow or any thin walled house. The timber can, in wooded regions, be had for the asking. The chopping, hauling, and construction involve more labor than the box-frame style of building, but the "money out" is less. Where labor and timber are plenty and money scarce, let there be more pains taken in erecting the building; then every advantage that is absolutely necessary may be gained. A good log house will last a generation. The main building is 34 by 30 feet, with a lean-to of eight feet, subdivided into a teacher's room and anterooms; pitch of roof, 17 feet; projection of eaves, 3 feet; height of ceiling, 13 feet. The construction of log houses is generally best understood by the frontiersinen who use them. The following hints may not be unacceptable to beginners: Select timber which will last well when exposed to the weather. The logs should be 10 to 12 inches in diameter. The sills might be heavier, say 16 inches, squared, hollowed at the ends and pinned, or, better, spiked with 60-penny nails. The floor timbers are mortised with the sills and supported in centre by a bearing beam. The From School Houses and Cottages for the People of the South, by C. Thurston Chase. ceiling, joists, and rafters are lighter, say 7 inches. After they are up the joists may be stayed to the rafters to prevent their settling. Still smaller sticks may be used for the partitions, say 4 or 5 inches in diameter. There are several ways of making the partitions. One is to lay the logs horizontally between two standards or upright posts at each end. Another is to plough out a groove in larger sticks, squared, say two inches deep. Set up one at each end of a partition, and for door posts. Hew down the ends of the stuff for partitions so they' will fit nicely into the groove. This done, put them in their places. They should be smoothly payed on each side with stiff clay, or chinked iu the ordinary way. They may also be made of tongued and grooved inch and a quarter stuff, set upright, run into grooves in a head piece above and fixed by strips nailed each side at the bottem. Let the roof project far over the sides to shield them from the storms and hot sun. The ceiling may be covered with boards, battened, and the whole inside whitewashed. It is better, however, to lath and plaster when lime, sand, and hair are obtainable. Then, with good furniture, the establishment may well challenge our pride. On such a house not over two hundred dollars in money need be expended to accommodate 50 to 64 pupils. The finial (the ornament on the peak of the roof) should be made of some regularly branching sapling, the limbs trimmed to even lengths. Plan of log school-house for sixty pupils. Outside measurement, 34 by 30 feet. DESCRIPTION OF PLAN. Scale inch to 1 foot. A. School room, 32 by 28 feet. C. Girls' anteroom, 8 by 7 feet. D. Teacher's anteroom, 11 by 7 teet. Centre aisle, 2 feet. Rear aisle, 4 feet. 342 |