Introduction to the Study of Language: A Critical Survey of the History and Methods of Comparative Philology of the Indo-European LanguagesBreitkopf and Härtel, 1882 - 142 páginas |
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Términos y frases comunes
according accordingly affixed affixion agglutination theory analogy aorist appear assert assume assumption AUGUST SCHLEICHER BENFEY BOPP Bopp's view BRUGMAN Celtic Comparative Grammar composition Conjugationssystem connection consonants CURTIUS declension DELBRÜCK derived dialects discussion especially example exist explanation expressed field formations FRANZ BOPP FRIEDRICH SCHLEGEL GEORG CURTIUS German Grammatik Greek GRIMM guages historical hypothesis idea individual languages Indo-European languages Indo-Iranian influence instance investigation Italic Italic languages JACOB GRIMM JOHANNES SCHMIDT Kuhn's Zeitschrift Latin Leipzig linguistic linguistic science LUDWIG meaning method monosyllabic natural science nominal noun-stems nouns opinion organic parent speech period philologists phonetic change phonetic laws possible POTT present stems primitive speech probable pronominal pronouns question quoted regard relation remarks Sanskrit Sanskrit language SCHLEGEL SCHLEICHER scholars seems separate Slavonic sounds speak Sprache stand-point stem-forming suffixes Study of Language suffixes syllable THEODOR BENFEY tion verb vowel whole wholly WILHELM VON HUMBOLDT words
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Página xiii - The Sanscrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is of a wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no philologer could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists...
Página 9 - ... monosyllables in Sanskrit and its kindred languages, it is this, that such languages cannot display any great facility of expressing grammatical modifications by the change of their original materials without the help of foreign additions. We must expect that in this family of languages the principle of compounding words will extend to the first rudiments of speech, as to the persons, tenses of verbs, and cases of nouns, &c. That this really is the case, I hope I shall be enabled to prove in...
Página 8 - If we can draw any conclusion from the fact that roots are monosyllables in Sanskrit and its kindred languages, it is this, that such languages cannot display any great facility of expressing grammatical modifications by the change of their original materials without the help of foreign additions.
Página 115 - All articulate sounds are produced by effort, by expenditure of muscular energy, in the lungs, throat, and mouth. This effort, like every other which man makes, he has an instinctive disposition to seek relief from, to avoid : we may call it laziness, or we may call it economy ; it is, in fact, either the one or the other, according to the circumstances of each separate case : it is laziness when it gives up more than it gains ; economy, when it gains more than it abandons.
Página 57 - Delbriick affirmed in his influential neogrammarian introduction to linguistics: This natural constitution of language is not manifested in the cultivated tongues, but in the dialects of the people. The guiding principles for linguistic research should accordingly be deduced not from obsolete written languages of antiquity, but chiefly from the living popular dialects of the present day.
Página 34 - Ceterum puto cavendum esse, ne illa grammaticorum de potestate radicum decreta nimis urgeantur , nam illis nihil vagius , nihil magis dubium et ambiguum esse potest ; sic, ut unum modo exemplum afferam, vocula quae gatau est, unumquemque motum ut eundi, currendi, volandi etc. indicat, quin etiam exprimit mutationem, quam subit lac coagulando, et nescio quam multas alias.
Página 56 - August Leskien's (1840-1916) methodological pronouncement of 1876 as marking the beginning of a new era in linguistics. If one reads this statement in the light of what Schleicher has said regarding linguistic method, it would be difficult to see anything revolutionary in Leskien's statement: In my investigations I have started with the principle that the form of a certain case, as we meet with it, can never result from an exception to phonetic laws which are observed elsewhere. To prevent misunderstanding,...
Página 9 - The indication of the persons of verbs in the Sanskrit language, and (hose of the same origin, Mr. F. Schlegel considers as being produced by inflection ; but Scheidius shows very satisfactorily, with respect to the plural at least, that -even the Greek verbs make use of pronouns, in compound structure with the root, to indicate the various persons.
Página 120 - ... constitution of language is not manifested in the cultivated tongues, but in the dialects of the people. The guiding principles for linguistic research should accordingly be deduced not from obsolete written languages of antiquity, but chiefly from the living popular dialects of the present day. (1974: 61) It is of far greater importance to collect further facts from living languages, in order to draw conclusions from them with regard to the ancient languages. (1974: 126) Thus, the uniformitarian...
Página 50 - The comparative anatomist never compares the form of the skull of two animals by taking the skull of the new-born specimen of the one sort, and the skull of an adult of the other; if the needful material is wanting, as is often the case in fossil remains, he does just what we do; according to known laws he reconstructs what is lacking, on the same plane of age with the specimen before him.
Referencias a este libro
American Historians and European Immigrants, 1875-1925 Edward Norman Saveth Vista de fragmentos - 1948 |
Leibniz, Humboldt, and the Origins of Comparativism Tullio De Mauro,Lia Formigari Sin vista previa disponible - 1990 |