little did he think, that he was creating the prolific mother of four hundred children; many of them both deformed and decrepid. And little did he think; that he was throwing back upon Europe, and driving to India, the golden showers, which the desolating European wars were pouring down upon the United States.

When Napoleon, in splendid triumph, with embattled Europe at his heels, was marching upon Moscow, little did he think, he was preparing the means for reseating the Bourbons upon the throne of France; and for digging his own grave in St. Helena; there to be buried, with all the vile contumelious insults of the savage Sir Hudson Lowe, heaped upon his own head.

When the Kentucky relief schemers, were authorising about forty banks, to issue bank bills, as a currency for the state, and for the relief of the Kentucky people, little did they think, of how much more value, were the morals of the Kentucky people to themselves, than the exemption from the whole amount of their debts. Little did they think, that the exemption of the debtor from any part of his just obligation to his creditor, would demoralize society, and strip it of all commercial credit abroad. Little, very little did they think, that in less than three years from the period of the adoption of the relief schemes, a mental jubilee would be felt throughout Kentucky, upon every newspaper annunciation of an " AUTO DE FE"-of the very bank bills, which, so shortly before were hailed with delirious joy, by a great portion of the Kentucky people, as the beloved, and promised instruments of relief from all their cares and troubles.

Little, very little do the Tariff schemers think or know-Little, very little can they think, or know of all the consequences of the destructive "Tariff Bill."

April 15, 1824.

WM. B. GILES. Wigwam, Amelia County, Va.

NOTES.

*"One-eighth of the whole English population is in poor houses." In a former number I had stated the proportion of the paupers to the whole English population at "above one tenth." A more recent estimate has since been made, from which it must be concluded that at this day the proportion is actually above one-eighth; and must continue to increase under the present governmental oppression. The report under an act passed in 1803, gives the following results: The number of persons relieved in, and out of poor houses, was 1,061,716. In the year 1801, the resident population of England and Wales was 8,872,980; the number of parishioners relieved from the poor's rates appears to be twelve in the hundred of the resident population.

"And a navy still more colossal."-Many other notable examples of the incompetency of the human intellect to foresee all the consequences of great political schemes, might be adduced; but I will here refer to only three more and I do it the rather, because they are copied from a speech, delivered by Mr. Speaker in 1816, and ought not to have been forgotten:

"The power to charter companies, is not specified in the grant, and I contend is of a nature not transferable by implication. It is one of the most exalted attributes of sovereignty. In the exercise of this power, we have seen an East India Company created, which has carried dismay, desolation, and death, throughout one of the largest portions of the world. Under the influence of this power, we have seen arise a South Sea Company and a Mississippi Company, that distracted and convulsed all Europe, and menaced a total overthrow of all credit and confidence, and universal bankruptcy."

Could all these consequences have been foreseen by the schemers? Is it possible for any reflecting man not to see that the Tariff bill contains the seeds of more mischiefs than all these schemes put together?

‡ "New Congressional Lexicography."-Examples. Mr. Speaker: To "establish" an incident to a principle, means to "create" or "build" the principle itself. If the framers of the constitution had used Mr. Speaker's substitute, or amendment, instead of their own original term, I think Mr. Speaker would himself have laughed at them, to wit: to "create" or "build" post offices and post roads, the roads having been before "created" or built. This is an example of an affirmative congressional definition-now for a negative one in Mr. Speaker's own words. Extract from Mr. Speaker's celebrated Greek Speech:

"Gentlemen may call it enthusiastic declamation if they please; would to God we could hear such declamation, and the utterance of such feeling from them-in the year of our Lord and Saviour, that Saviour alike of Christian Greece and of us-a proposition was offered, in the American Congress, to send a Messenger to Greece, to inquire into her state and condition, with an expression of our good wishes and our sympathies-and it was rejected. Go home, if you dare; go home, if you can, to your constituents, and tell them that you voted it down-meet, if you dare, the appalling countenances of those who sent you here, (he meant no defiance,) and tell them that you shrank from the declaration of your own sentiments-that you cannot tell how, but that some unknown dread, some indescribable apprehension, some indefinable danger, affrighted you―that the spectres of cimetars, and crowns, and crescents, gleamed before you, and alarmed you; and that you suppressed all the noble feelings prompted by religion, by liberty, by national independence, and by humanity." Bah!!! What fustian!!! No real orator would ever solemnly invoke religion; Nonever-unless his own heart be enraptured with her charms—Then indeed, in the sincerity of his own heart, may he speak, “from the heart, to the heart."

Mr. Speaker meant "no defiance." What did he mean? Were all these fine words and splendid figures uttered without any meaning? If they meant any thing, they meant defiance, according to the old dictionaries. In them, the words "dare" and "defiance" are strict synonymes. Surely two "dares" and one "if you can," would amount to one defiance. The last "dare" iş italicized in the writing ; from which particular mark of attention, readers at a distance are apt to conclude, that, in the speaking, the last "dare" must have been emphasized with sonorous and terrific audibility. In point of propriety and decorum, who is the last man in the United States that ought to

have "dared” the House of Representatives twice, and to have pointed out the penalties of accepting the challenge to all refractory members? Example-from the amiable, accomplished and intelligent Mr. M'Lane: To" regulate" commerce, means to "facilitate" commerce. "Regulate," according to the old dictionaries, means to make rules. "Facilitate" to make easy. Apply these definitions to commerce-to make rules for conducting commerce-to make commerce easy. "Facilitate" is one of the most indefinite words in the English language, and therefore the least technical; and of course the least proper to be used in prescribing definite rules of conduct. It would comprehend an attenuation of the Lexicography definitions until the last vestige of a shade between objects, would disappear. Insert Mr. M.Lane's substitute, or amendment of the constitution, and would its meaning be improved by it? Congress shall have power to "facilitate" commerce.

Cannot gentlemen see, that these are the mere efforts of anxious, aspiring genius, to free itself from all constitutional restraints, against the effectuation of favorite objects? and only serve as mental salvos to the Lexicographer.

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