work, which so often insures that prosperity which clamoring, complaining and striking never win.

Let every one start out to be a capitalist himself. When you have saved a dollar from your wages, you have already begun to be a capitalist. Straighten up, reach up, grow up, save up, this is the only way you can get up and crowd off the platform the small faction who abuse their power.

If you want to strike, strike against the drink. Keep it up, and relief will come to the working classes. The late Emperor William and the famous Von Moltke unite in declaring that German beer-drinking is the chief curse of the laboring classes. The late Cardinal Manning of England and the most distinguished judges of the British courts, as well as those men in America who are seeking to ameliorate the condition of the working classes, are agreed that the drink is the worst foe of labor.

The cost of labor to manufacture crude whiskey is about 3 per cent. on the value of the liquor at the place of manufacture, while, as a distinguished authority has shown, for

labor in the aggregate productions of the State there is paid 17.97 per cent. of their value at the place of production. In other words, by buying $100 worth of the aggregate manufactures of our State $14.38 go to labor in their production, while for every $100 spent for liquors to produce them will give only $1.94 to labor. Work will be plenty and wages high by making a demand for useful articles. Let the workingmen spend their money for food, clothing and other necessaries of life with the millions that they now waste for drink, and we will be able to give work to all our unemployed, wages will be high, and labor will no longer be "the slave of capital."

Immigration causes nearly all our labor troubles. Within the last three years we admitted into the American labor market 427,000 Hungarians, Italians and Poles. What can our laboring men gain by striking for higher wages when every steamship brings hundreds of starving immigrants who are glad to get work at any price? We pay enormous sums for the ostensible purpose of protecting the American workman, yet everywhere the pauper laborer of Europe swarms in his path and competes with native industry by offering to do work for half the price paid

the American laborer. Thousands came under service to contractors who sell their labor. You can buy one or a thousand laborers from the Italian padrones in this city.

Our present system of importing labor free means to degrade the American workman to a level with the pauper laborers of Europe. Neither high protection nor free trade makes wages so high as scarcity of hands. If we could stop immigration for twenty years, high tariff, low tariff or no tariff, the American workman would enjoy prosperity never dreamt of.

XXXIX.

TOBACCO THE FOE OF WOMAN.

TOBACCO is the foe of woman. It withdraws man from her society-banishing him for hours from the civilizing sex. Thackeray says: "The fact is, the cigar is a rival to the ladies, and their conqueror, too." The Turks shut the women in; we shut them out. Many physicians regard much of the invalidism of women due to the poisoned atmosphere around them by the smoking members of their household. Many a woman have I heard speak feelingly of the clean atmosphere of houses untainted with tobacco. How many a delicate woman is affected by the least tobacco breath, and then think of her yoked to one who uses the weed perpetually. How much of life's pleasure is spoiled by this everfollowing foe. Everywhere you go is splashed the disgusting fluid. The passages between the seats of our railroad and street-cars are, as a rule, in such a foul condition that no lady

can walk with safety or comfort from the seat to the door. There's little use in carefully holding up your dresses and looking warily from place to place. You might as well take the first seat that comes. No wonder the women lose their temper almost every time. they travel in our cars. Just look at the men: they chew and spit, they read and spit, they talk and spit, they laugh and spit, and some swear and spit.

"Is smoking offensive to you?" What is the woman to do? If she tells the truth, the gentleman will not lay down his cigar, but retreat to enjoy his smoke elsewhere, and the woman feels that she has been guilty of rudeness. If smoking is not an annoyance, how do you interpret the conspicuous posters everywhere warning against it where the ladies gather? It is from a loving readiness on the part of the women to sacrifice their own comfort to the gratification of their dear ones that they submit to this tyrant, and in this, together with lack of information on the subject, we find an explanation of its almost universal

sway.

In a certain town a number of young women formed a "No society"; that is, they would have no intercourse with any young man who used tobacco, or who was not strictly temper