40. Scotland Before 1700, p. 294. At an earlier date Sir David Lyndsay writes to the same effect as Lithgow :

Ane uther falt, Schir, may be sene ;
Thay hyde thair face all bot the ene;
Quhen gentill men biddis thame gude day
Without reverence they slyde away,
That none may knaw, I you assure
Ane honest woman be ane hure;
Without thair naikit face, I se
Thay get na mo gude dayis of me.
Haile ane France lady quhen ye pleis,
Scho wyll discover mouth and neis,
And with one humill countenance.
With visage bair, mak reverence.

-Satire of the Three Estates.

According to Fynes Moryson, the custom of women in covering their heads when out of doors was differently regarded in Germany. “And when they (the German women) goe out of dores, they are reputed harlotts, if they couer not theire faces and theire heades with lynnen clothe, and their apparell with a Cloke, and if thay carry not in theire handes a little basket as if they went abroade to buy somethinge, tho perhapps thay goe only to visite a frend."-Shakespeare's Europe, p. 292.

41. Scotland Before 1700, p. 180.
42. Acts of Parl. of Scot., II. 488.
43. Ib., III. 221.
44. Early Travellers, etc., pp. 88-9.
45. 16., p. 88.
46. Ib., p. 89.

47. 18.

48. Acts of Parl. of Scot., III. 174.

49. Early Travellers, etc., pp. 89-90. Fynes Moryson, the observer quoted, brings a much more sweeping charge of drunkenness against the Germans. "All the Germans," he says, "have

“ one nationall vice of drunckennes in such excesse (espetially the Saxons), as it staynes all theire nationall vertues, and makes them often offensive to frends and much more to strangers.”Shakespeare's Europe, p. 290.

NOTES TO CHAPTER VI

1. Acts of Parl, of Scot., III. 225.
2. Reg. of Priv. Coun., I. 94.
3. Burgh Records of Edinburgh, II. 235.
4. Ib., II. 162.
5. Ib., p. 204.
6. Ib., III. 25-6.

7. Ib., p. 148. In 1564 one Richard, an Englishman, was made burgess that he might give instruction in the making of arrows.-Ib., III. 193.

8. Ib., IV. 23.-Hitherto, in all the burghs no one was permitted to open a school without a licence from the Town Council.

INDEX

Ale, 174

Bute, 30

cause

ABERDEEN, population of, 44, 52-

Bré, Michael, employed to pave
54

streets of Edinburgh, 49
its measure for checking Brechin, 53
illegal foreign trade, 130 Bridges in Scotland, 56, 57, 60, 61

Buchanan, George, his description
Angus, its fertility, 27

of Scotland, 6
Aqua vite, 174

his description of Lothian,
Ayr, 53, 54

19
Ayrshire, description of, 23 Burghers, their increased power in

the reign of Mary, 183, 184
BACKGAMMON, 166

Burghs, royal, their privileges, 120
Baltic Sea, trade with, 139
Banquets, 172, 173
Barley, 31

CALEDONIAN FOREST, II
Barons, feudal, their occupations, Campvere, staple port of Scotland,
74

139
Basilicon Doron, quoted, 159 Candles, uo

of
regarding Scottish craftsmen, Capital, lack of, the
194

Scotland's slow commercial
Bastels, or fortified houses, 103, development, 196; reasons for,
104

Ib.
Beans, 31

Cards, played both in taverns and
Beggars, 66-69

private houses, 166
legislation regarding, 197 Carrick, description of, 23
Betting, 166, 167

Castle of Edinburgh, 49, 50
Blaeu's Atlas, 6

Catchpully (or tennis), 166
Map of Fife, 12

Cattle of Galloway, 22
Boece, Hector, his description of rearing of, in the Highlands,
Scotland, 6

his description of Dumfries, Church, the parish, its secular uses,
22

96 et seq.
Bonnet-makers, 192

Church of Rome, economical
Bonnets, blue, generally worn in reasons for its overthrow in
Scotland, 170

Scotland, 184-188
Booths, 101

Churchyards, desecration of, 94-
Bordeaux, trade with, 139

96
Both well, Earl of, 72

Citizenship, conditions of, 113
Bowets or lamps, 110

Clackmannan, 106

28, 29

Perth, 157

Clerk play, enacted before Mary of Drinks of the different classes in
Lorraine, 165

Scotland, 174
Clocks, public, 96, 97

Drum or “swesch," 90
Clunie, Royal Forest of, 12

Drunkenness, 174, 175
Clydesdale, description of, 23, Dumfries, description of, 22, 53, 54
24

Dunbar, description of, 20
Coal, working of, 138

Dundee, claims precedence of
Colliers, 162, 163
Common, the town, 85, 86 Dundee, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54
Cottars, 81-83

Dunglas, its « fair collegiate kirk,”
Council, Privy, of Scotland, its 18

advice to James VI. on the ex- Duns, 18

portation of timber, 10
Craftsmen, their antagonism to the EDINBURGH, 45, et seq.
merchants, 144

Eels, abundant in Galloway, 23
Crafts, legislation regarding, 147- Enclosures, absence of in Scotland,

150; numbers of persons attached 13, et seq.
to, 150; their desire to be re- England, roads in, 58, 59
presented in the Town Councils,

trade with, 140
151-155; incorporation of, Ib. ; Erasmus, his Naufragium, 69
their ambition to fix the prices Erskine of Dun, 75
of their goods, 158; their annual Esk, the Dumfriesshire, woods in
plays, 163, 164

valley of, 11
their restiveness under the Ettrick Forest, remains of in time
burdens of the Church, 187

of Mary, 11
Cree, wood of, 11

Exports of Scotland, 135-139
Crichton, laird of Frendraught,
99

FALKLAND, forest of, 11
Cross, the town, 104, 105

Farm, a model, 79, 80
Cupar-Fife, 53, 54

Farmers, Scottish, habits of, 80
Customs, petty, 89, 123

Ferries, 61-63
great, 128, 129

Feu-farm, 77, 78

Fife, plantations in, II
DALKEITH, 20

- description of, 24, 25
David I., his legislation for the Fire, precautions against in town
preservation of timber, 8

and village, 42
cultivation of land in his Firma burgi, 116
reign, 17

Fish, export of, 136
Decreit Arbitral of James VI., Fishings, the town, 87

settling the controversy between Fish-ponds, 80
the craftsmen and the merchants, Fitzherbert, his Boke of Surveyinge,
146, 154, 155

his remarks on enclosures, 14,
Denmark, passes a law forbidding 15
exportation of timber, 10

Flowers, 32
Dice, 166

Food of the different classes in the
Discipline, First Book of, 65