NOTES TO CHAPTER IV

1. UNDER date November 6, 1588, we have the following entry in the Burgh Records of Edinburgh: "Finds expedient, statutes and ordains that na burgessis be resauet nor admittet in tyme cuming bot sic as sall compeir the tyme of thair admissioun before the counsall with sufficient airmour, sic ane as thai will tak thame to for serving of the Kings Grace and the toun, to witt, other with hakbut and furnessing belanging thairto, sic as flaske, pulder and bullet and ane murrioun, or ellis with jak, knapsall, speir or pik, and mak fayth that the said armour is thair awin proper geir, and this by and attoure thair sworde; and quhen euir thai sall want the said airmour in tyme convenient to be poyndet or wardet for ane unlaw of fyve pund."—IV. p. 532. 2. Burgh Records of Edinburgh, IV. 379-80.

3. Ib., p.129.

4. Burgh Records of Peebles, p. 227; Burgh Records of Edinburgh, IV. 402.

5. "Lanark did not possess a town mill."-Burgh Records of Lanark, p. xxvii.

6. "In 1573 there were seven common mills in Edinburgh— all on the Water of Leith. They were then let to Nicolas Udart for his services to the town."-Burgh Records of Edinburgh, IV.6-7.

7. "It is ordanit that na burges bringe or carie bred or ail fra ane burgh to ane uther burgh to sel in gret or in pennyworths under paine of escheate of the bred and ail and amercement of aucht shillin for the injurie and prejudice done to the nychbors and the libertie of burghs, forasmeikle as nane aw to encroach upon the libertie of ane other, and amercement of aucht in the burgh where the trespasser is found, for he becomes subject to its courts by delict."-Ancient Laws and Customs of the Burghs of Scotland, p. 162.

8. Burgh Records of Aberdeen, I. 307 (Spalding Club).

9. "All dwellers in the country als weil frie-holders as peasants, wha are dwelland in our scherriffdom, sall come with all their moveable wares for sale, to nane uther mercat nor ours within the sheriffdom whair thai dwall. And if thai be convictit of dg otherwise, ilk ane sal pay eight shillings for his forefaltour, and tyn his ware."-Ancient Laws and Customs of Scotland, p. 183.

10. Burgh Records of Edinburgh, II. 235.

II. With these strict regulations compare the state of things which the English traveller, Fynes Moryson, found in Italy in 1594-5: "A poore woman that carryes twelue Eggs to the markett, must giue one at the Gate for Custome, and if she buy a payre of shooes in the Towne or spice, or any like thing, tribute must be paid going out of the Gate. If a poore body gett his living by a wheele, to spinn, by Carding or by a Weavers Loome, he must pay yearely tribute to his Prince for licence to use that trade. And all Innkeepers and those that sell anything to eat or drinck, pay so great yearely Tributes to the Prince (as likewise the Poastmasters and those that haue horses to hyre) as they must needs vse great extortion vppon all Passengers, and vppoun subjects that haue occasion to vse them, for such licences are sold to them as it were at the outcrye, to him that will giue most for them."-Shakespeare's Europe, unpublished chapters of Fynes Moryson's Itinerary. Ed. Charles Hughes (Lond., 1903), p. 120.

12. At Peebles, for example, it was ordained: "that nane suld pass outoutht the yettis of the town, nother to by hiddis, skynis, futfellis na lamskynis, na yit other gudis that com to be sold at cors and mercat, nother apon merkat day na other dayis, vnder the payn of viij S. paying, but gyf the cass be thai met sic gudis of suddante in tym of gangyng to the kyrk or other neidful errand."-Burgh Records of Peebles, p. 150.

13. Ancient Laws and Customs of the Burghs of Scotland, P. 139.

14. Crevier, Histoire de l'Université de Paris, V. 347.

15. Exchequer Rolls, Vol. I. p. xcv.

16. Ib., p. c.

17. Acts of Parl. of Scot., IV. 135-6.

18. Records of Convention of Royal Burghs, II. 200.

19. Gross, The Gild Merchant, I. 135-6.

20. The burghs were all permanently divided into quarters.

P

21. Burgh Records of Aberdeen, I. 334-5 (Spalding Club).
22. Burgh Records of Edinburgh, IV. 35-6.

23. Ib., pp. 133-4; Ib.

24. "Item that na burgisis nor marchands transport thaim out of the realme withoutyne leave of our Lord the Kyng or his chalmerlan, soucht and obteinit."-Ancient Laws and Customs of the Burghs of Scotland, p. 192. In 1563 Nicolas Udart, a prominent Edinburgh citizen, was deprived of his office of bailie because he had gone abroad without the permission of the council.-Burgh Records of Edinburgh, III. 172.

25. May 24, 1555.-"The baillies and counsale ordanis in tyme cummyng thair be na teket deliverit nor subscriuit to ony persone to saill to France, Flanderis nor vther pairtis bot in this maner viz. thet the haill merchandis that purpos to saill in ane schip convene and compeir in the Tolbuith in presens of the bailleis and counsale, ane act to be maid of samony as thai pleis admitt, and that act to be send to the skyppar of the schip and he to ressaif thai personis and na utheris."-Burgh Records of Edinburgh, II. 216.

26. Ib., pp. 151-2.

27. The following is the paper referred to in the text:

TABLE OF SCOTTISH PRODUCE EXPORTED YEARLY.

1614, c. November.-The wairris and commodaties that ar shippit and transpoirtted furthe of this Kingdome yeirlie, be sea,

ar

(1.) The wairris and commodaties that the land yeildis;

(2.) The commodaties that ar maid and wrocht in the countrie;

(3.) The commodaties that the sea yeildis; and

(4.) Sic foirrane commodaties as ar importtit and expoirttit agane yeirlie.

Quhilk wairris and commodaties conforme to ane compt maid partticularlie of the quantetie of ilk soirt of commodaties shippit yeirlie at everie poirt of this realme betuix the first day of November, 1611 yeiris, and the first day of November, 1614 yeiris, in the space of three yeiris, is fund to extend yeirlie, and ilk year ourheid, as followis:

(1.) The wairris and commodateis that the land yeildis yeirlie.

VICTUEL AND VIVERRIS.

Of Quheit 1,130 bollis, extending in money, at £7 the boll

£7,950

pynt, to

Of beare and maltt, 4,256 bollis, extending, at £6 the boll to

Of aittis, 646 bollis, extending, at £5 the boll, to Of flowre, 3 last 9 barrellis, extending, at £9 the the barrell, to

Of breid, callit baikis, 2,800, extending, at 40s. the hundredth, to

Of beiff, 2 last 6 barrellis, extending, at £10 the

Of aquavite, to 7 gallonis, extending, at 20s. the

Summa of victuel, etc.,

25,536 3,230

405

56

300

216

• £37,653

HYDDIS.

Of salt hyddis, 1620 daicker, extending, at £40 the daicker, to

Of hairt hyddis (deer skins), 91 daicker, extending, at £20 the daicker, to

Summa of hyddis is

SKYNNIS.

£64,800

Of wol skynnis, 238,666, at 12s. the pece, is Shorling skynnis, 1833, extending, at £48 the hundreth, to

Of lamb skynnis, 120,810, extending, at £6 the hundreth, to

Of futfallis, 39,600, at £24 the hundreth
Of gait skynnis, 16,321, at 8s. the pece
Of calff skynnis, 160, at 3s. the pece
Of rea skynnis, 240, at 16s. the pece
Of tod (fox) skynnis, 1,012, at 40s. the pece
Of kid skynnis, 1,226, at 18 the hundreth

Of otter skynnis, 44, at 40s. the pece.

Of cuneing (rabbit) skynnis, 53,234, at £6 the hundreth

£88

3,194

Summa of the skynnis

£172,082

YIT THE COMMODATIES OF THE LAND.

Of woll, 10,374 staneis wechtt at £5 the stane,

Of feathers, 331 stane, extending, at £4 the stane, to

Of Orknaye buttar, 21 barrellis, at £14 the barrell
Of leid urris, 30,000 stane wecht yeirlie, at

13s. 4d. the stane

£51,870

1,324

294

Of coallis, at 6,308 chalder, at £4 the chalder 25,232 Sua the commodaties that the land yeildis yeirlie,

and is transpoirtted, extendis to

£375,085

(2.) The commodaties that ar maid and wrocht in the countrie quhairby the peopill ar sett to labour.

Of smal salt, 1,989 chalder, extending, at £20 the chalder, to .

Of claythe and plading, 141,854 elis, ex

• £39,780 。 o

59,574 18
11,550

155

33,331 4 O

Of leather poynttis, 240 gross, extending,