Water Analysis for Sanitary Purposes: With Hints for the Interpretation of ResultsJ. Van Voorst, 1880 - 139 páginas |
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ammonia amount animal contamination animal matter apparatus Appendix average baryta beaker boiling bottle burette carbon and nitrogen carbonic acid chloride colour combustion tube combustion-tube copper cubic centimetres cylinder deep well water determination dilute dissolved distilled water estimation evaporation filter filtration flask glass dish grain per gallon gram half a litre hard water hydrochloric acid inch indigo solution inorganic nitrogen laboratory tube laboratory vessel lime liquid litre litre of water magnesia measuring tube mercury method minutes nitrates and nitrites nitre solution nitric acid nitric oxide nitrogen as nitrates obtained oil of vitriol organic carbon organic elements organic matter oxide of copper oxidised oxygen permanganate platinum polluted potable water potassic previous sewage pure sample of water sewage or animal shallow well water soap solution sodic spring and deep standard solution standardising stopcock stoppered sulphuric acid supply tion turbid upland surface water volume washed water analysis water containing weight دو
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Página 133 - ... in suspension more than three parts by weight of dry mineral matter, or one part by weight of dry organic matter in 100,000 parts by weight of the liquid.
Página 134 - ... (g.) Any liquid which contains in 100,000 parts by weight more than one part by weight of sulphur in the condition either of sulphuretted hydrogen or of a soluble sulphuret. " (h.) Any liquid possessing an acidity greater than that which is produced by adding two parts by weight of real muriatic acid to 1,000 parts by weight of distilled water.
Página 133 - Any liquid which shall exhibit by daylight a distinct colour when a stratum of it one inch deep is placed in a white porcelain or earthenware vessel. (d) Any liquid which contains, in solution, in 100,000 parts by weight, more than two parts by weight of any metal, except calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium.
Página 125 - Of all the processes which have been proposed for the purification of water or of water polluted by excrementitious matters, there is not one which is sufficiently effective to warrant the use, for dietetic purposes, of water which has been so contaminated. In our own opinion, therefore, rivers which have received sewage, even if that sewage has been purified before its discharge, are not safe sources of potable water.
Página 129 - There is no hope of this disgusting state of the river being so far remedied as to prevent the admixture of animal and other offensive matters with the filtered Thames water as delivered in the metropolis.
Página 42 - the presence of these salts in spring and deep well water is absolutely without significance ; for, although they are in these cases generated by the deoxidation of nitrates, this deoxidation is brought about either by the action of reducing mineral substances, such as ferrous oxide, or by that of organic matter which has either been embedded for ages, or, if dissolved in the water, has been subjected to exhaustive filtration.
Página 121 - ... their uniformity of temperature throughout the year renders them cool and refreshing in summer, and prevents them from freezing readily in winter. Such waters are of inestimable value to communities, and their conservation and utilization are worthy of the greatest efforts of those who have the public health under their charge.
Página 125 - When the sewage of towns or other polluting organic matter is discharged into running water, the suspended matters may be more or less perfectly removed by subsidence and filtration, but the foul organic matters in solution are very persistent.
Página 125 - There is no river in the United Kingdom long enough to secure the oxidation and destruction of any sewage which may be discharged into it, even at its source.
Página 129 - Notwithstanding the application of partial remedies for sewage pollution at Banbury, Eton, and Windsor, and the greater care exercised by most of the Companies in the .storage and filtration of the water, the organic pollution contained in the Thames water delivered in London, though subject to fluctuations from the greater or less prevalence of floods, does not diminish. ' Taking the mean proportion of organic impurity in the Thames water delivered in London in 1868 as 1000, 1 find that in subsequent...