Quakers desired to avail themselves of the authority of the King, for the establishment of a general toleration, and for their own especial defence against the enmity and dislike of their numerous adversaries. The King and his brother regarded, with great benevolence, the principles of non-resistance, professed by Friends, and found in them, the only class of Protestants, who could be rendered instrumental to their design of re-establishing Popery, by the preparatory measure of general toleration. But how the friendly relation thus created, between the royal brothers, and such men as Penn and Barclay, should have continued to exist, uninterrupted by all the tyranny and treachery which the reigns of these princes disclosed, is a difficulty which their contemporaries were unable to solve, otherwise than by considering the Quakers, as at bottom, the votaries of Popery and arbitrary power. The more modern and juster, as well as more charitable censure is, that they were dupes of kingly courtesy, craft, and dissimulation. They endeavoured to make an instrument of the King; while he permitted them to flatter themselves with this hope, that he might avail himself of their instrumentality, for the accomplishment of his own designs.― Grahame's Col. Hist.

NOTE M.-Page 51.

By recurring to the letters of Rudyard, first deputy-governor of East Jersey, Samuel Groome, surveyor, Lawrie, deputy-governor, John Barclay, and Arthur Forbes, to the proprietaries in London, the reader will perceive how strong and favourable were the impressions on the minds of the first settlers, in relation to the country. See Smith's Hist. New Jersey, from page 168 to 188.

NOTE N.-Page 55.

The counsellors named in the instructions were Edward Hunlake, Lewis Morris, Andrew Bowne, Samuel Jennings, Thomas Revel, Francis Davenport, William Pinhorne, Samuel Leonard, George Deacon, Samuel Walker, Daniel Leeds, William Sanford, and Robert Quarry. Quarry was said to be of the council of five governments at one time; viz. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. He died about the year 1712.-Smith, p. 231, n.

NOTE O.-Page 66.

A dispute was long pending between the general proprietors and the inhabitants of Newark, relating to lands included within the bounds of three Indian purchases, called the Mountain, the Horse Neck, and Van Gieson's. After several suits at law and equity, the contest was referred to arbitrators, mutually chosen by the parties, who awarded in favour of the general proprietors. Some of the defendants, dissatisfied with the award, endeavoured to excite the others to further contest, gave occasion for the letter of Mr. Ogden, who was council for the proprietors. His clear and satisfactory exposition of the case, most probably prevented a continuation of the controversy. We find the letter too long to be copied. It may be seen in a small pamphlet, in the Philadelphia Library, as noted, at page 66 of the text.

NOTE P.-Page 77.

The curious reader will find at the end of vol. iv. of the printed Minutes of the Assembly, in the State Library, at Trenton, a MSS. " table of the sittings of Assembly, from the surrender, in the year 1702, to the revolution, in 1776, with the names of the governors and speakers;" and also, "a list of the members of Assembly during the same period."

NOTE Q.-Page 81.

Names of the Legislative Council, in 1707, Richard Ingoldsby, lieutenantgovernor, William Pinhorne, R. Mompesson, Thomas Revell, Daniel Leeds, Daniel Coxe, Richard Townly, Robert Quarry, and William Sandford.

NOTE R.-Page 82.

This illness of Jennings proved mortal, after a year's duration. He was a zealous minister among Friends;" and upon all occasions took an active part in public affairs, in which he was alike distinguished by ability and integrity. His warm and sanguine temperament, was ordinarily controlled by a sound and experienced judg

ment; but it sometimes betrayed him into hasty and passionate conduct, of which his treatment to Keith, the apostate Quaker, whilst on trial before the court at Philadelphia, was a remarkable instance, and perhaps justified the charge made by the schismatic, that "he was too high and imperious, in worldly courts. He was an ardent lover of liberty, and firm and fearless in its defence. And though his manners were stern and severe, he was always sought by the people when important services were required. Twenty-eight years of his life were devoted to public employment; part of which, in Philadelphia. In private life, says Smith, "alive to the more generous emotions of a mind formed to benevolence, and acts of humanity, he was a friend to the widow, the fatherless, and the unhappy; tender, compassionate, disinterested, and with great opportunities, he left but a small estate; abhorring oppression in every shape, his whole conduct, a will to relieve and befriend mankind, far above the littleness of party and sinister views. He left three daughters, who intermarried with three brothers, by the name of Stevenson, whose posterity reside in New Jersey and Pennsylvania."

Thomas Gordon, his successor, was intimately connected with the proprietaries of East Jersey, before the surrender of the government in 1702. In 1697–8, he was deputy-secretary, and register of the province, and one of the council; and in 1702, on the removal of William Dockwra, he was appointed principal secretary. He was several years a representative in the Assembly, after the surrender; was treasurer for the eastern divison of the province, and distinguished in Perth Amboy as a pious member and liberal patron of the Episcopal church. He died on the 28th of April, 1722, aged seventy years. A tomb-stone in the grave-yard of St. Peter's church, at Amboy, with a long Latin inscription, commemorates his virtues.

NOTE S.-Page 83.

The Assembly of New York adopted resolutions, declaring, that the levying money on her Majesty's subjects of the colony, under any pretence, without the consent of the General Assembly, was a violation of the people's property; and that the freemen of the colony had an unquestionable, perfect and entire property in their goods and estate. We recognise here, the principles which subsequently led to the revolution. The Assembly, also, denounced the practice of Cornbury, in levying imposts on trade, and establishing fees without the sanction of law.

NOTE T.-Page 86.

The members of Council named in the instructions of Governor Hunter, were Lewis Morris, William Pinhorne, George Deacon, Richard Townley, Daniel Coxe, Roger Mompesson, Peter Sonmans, Hugh Huddy, William Hall, Thomas Gordon, Thomas Gardiner, Colonel Robert Quarry. The Queen, on the receipt of the remonstrance of the Assembly, appointed John Anderson, Elisha Parker, Thomas Byerly, John Hamilton, and John Reading; removing Pinhorne, Coxe, Sonmans, and Hall.

NOTE U.-Page 94..

We give the following abstract from the minutes of the Assembly, indicative of the spirit of the times, and exemplifying the matter which occasionally occupied the Legislature. On the 24th of January, 1719, the House appointed a committee to inquire into certain printed libels, and personal abuse against its members. One Benjamin Johnson, of Monmouth, had said to William Lawrence, a member from that county, "You Lawrence, are a pitiful pimping fellow, and have been false to your trust in the Assembly." On the complaint of Lawrence, Johnson was ordered into arrest by the House; but he avoided its displeasure by absconding. A passage in Titan Leeds' Almanac, for 1718, was voted libellous, and the author and printer were ordered into the custody of the sergeant-at-arms. Leeds was apprehended; but we do not know how punished. Two pamphlets, one entitled, “A further discovery of the mystery of trade, proposed by A B," and the other, "Proposals for traffic and commerce in New Jersey," were also declared to be libellous, the books condemned to be burned by the common hangman, and a reward offered for the apprehension of the authors. William Sandford and Thomas Buskirk, Esq. of Bergen county, were arrested on the speaker's warrant, for having reported, that Mr. Philip Schuyler, a member of the House, " had drank a health to the damnation of the governor and the justices of the peace." Sandford admitted and justified the declara

tion; producing the affidavit of the coroner of the county, to the uttering of the words by Schuyler. Schuyler denied the words, but said, that he had quarrelled with the coroner, and had kicked him. Whereupon, the House gave the member permission to withdraw and go home, that he might procure evidence to disprove the charge thus brought against him. Sandford and Buskirk were discharged from custody. A copy of the affidavit was denied to Schuyler. Subsequently, the coroner was required to name the persons present, when the offensive words were alleged to have been uttered. These persons having no remembrance of the words, Schuyler was acquitted by a solemn vote, and permitted again to take his seat. But the proceedings against Sandford and Buskirk were not renewed.

NOTE V.-Page 97.

The members of council, named in the instructions of Governor Burnet, were Lewis Morris, Thomas Gordon, John Anderson, John Hamilton, Thomas Byerly, David Lyell, John Parker, John Wills, John Hugg, John Johnson, junior, John Reading, and Peter Bard.

NOTE W.-Page 105.

We refer the reader to Sparks' Life of Governeur Morris, for a full account of this family, which has been distinguished for so many years in New York and New Jersey.

NOTE Z.-Page 121.

"It was rumoured at an early period, that Braddock had been shot by his men. More recently, it has been stated, by one who could not be mistaken, that in the course of the battle, Braddock ordered the provincial troops to form a column. They, however, adhered to the Indian mode of firing, severally, from the shelter of the trees. Braddock, in his vexation, rode up to a young man by the name of Fawcett, and with his sword, rashly cut him down. Thomas Fawcett, a brother of the killed, soon learned his fate, and watching his opportunity, revenged his brother's blood, by shooting Braddock, mortally, through the body. Thomas Fawcett dwelt near Laurel Hill, Pennsylvania, until above ninety-seven years of age."-Register of Pennsylvania, by S. Hazard, Jan. 28th, 1828.

NOTE AA.-Page 140.

The following abstract from the address of Mr. Speaker Ogden to the House, exhibits, strongly, the state of the public feeling. "I am so unhappy as to find, that my conduct, which was the consequence of this opinion, formed on the most deliberate, impartial, and disinterested reasoning on the subject, has been put in an unfavourable light, and has made me the object of too general a resentment; I trust, that Providence will, in due time, make the rectitude of my heart, and my inviolable affection to my country, appear in a fair light to the world, and that my sole aim was the happiness of New Jersey. But, as at present, there appears a great dissatisfaction at my conduct, that has spread even among some of my constituents, whom I have served many years in General Assembly, to the utmost of my abilities, I beg leave of the House, to resign my seat in it, whereby my constituents may have an opportunity of sending another person in my room, who may act more agreeable to their present sentiments: though I am well assured, that no person can be found, who will study their welfare more sincerely, nor pursue it with more steadiness and integrity than I have done."-Votes of Assembly. Mr. Stephen Crane was elected in the place of Mr. Ogden.

NOTE BB.-Page 152.

The suit instituted, if any, against the treasurer, Stephen Skinner, was never brought to trial. He adhered to the British in the revolutionary war, and all his property in New Jersey, was confiscated and sold for the benefit of the State.

NOTE CC.-Page 164.

List of deputies in the provincial Congress, May, June, and August, 1775. Bergen County, John Fell, John Demarest, Hendrick Kuyper, Abraham Van Buskirk, Edw. Merselius. Essex, Henry Garritse, Michael Vreeland, Robert Drummond, John Berry, William P. Smith, John Stiles, John Chetwood, Abraham Clark, Elias Boudinot, Isaac Ogden, Philip Van-Cortlandt, Bethuel Pierson, Caleb Camp. Middlesex, Nathaniel Heard, William Smith, John Dunn, John Lloyd, Azariah Dun

ham, John Schurman, John Wetherill, David Williamson, Jonathan Sergeant, Jonathan Baldwin, Jonathan Deare. Morris, William Winds, William De Hart, Peter Dickerson, Jacob Drake, Ellis Cooke, Silas Condict. Somerset, Hendrick Fisher, John Roy, Peter Schenk, Abraham Van Neste, Enos Kelsey, Jonathan D. Sergeant, Frederick Frelinghuysen, William Patterson, Archibald Stewart, Edward Dumont, William Maxwell, Ephraim Martin. Monmouth, Edward Taylor, Joseph Saltar, Robert Montgomery, John Holmes, John Covenhoven, Daniel Hendrickson, Nicholas Van Brunt. Hunterdon, Samuel Tucker, John Mehelm, John Hart, John Stout, Jasper Smith, Thomas Lowry, Charles Stewart, Daniel Hunt, Ralph Hart, Jacob Jennings, Richard Stevens, John Stevens, junior, Thomas Stout, Thomas Jones, John Bassett Burlington, Joseph Borden, Isaac Pearson, Colin Campbell, Joseph Read, John Pope. Gloucester, John Cooper, Elijah Clark, John Sparks. Cumberland, Samuel Fithian, Jonathan Elmer, Thomas Ewing. Salem, Andrew Sinnickson, Robert Johnson, Samuel Dick, Jacob Scoggin, James James. Cape May, Jesse Hand.

NOTE DD.-Page 172.

List of the deputies of the provincial Congress, elected in September, 1775. Bergen, John Demarest, Jacobus Post, Abraham Van Buskirk. Essex, Abraham Clark, Lewis Ogden, Samuel Potter, Caleb Camp, Robert Drummond. Middlesex, John Wetherill, John Dennis, Azariah Dunham. Morris, William Winds,* William De Hart,* Jacob Drake, Silas Condict, Ellis Cook. Somerset, Hendrick Fisher, Cornelius Van Muliner,* Ruloffe Van Dyke. Sussex, William Maxwell,* Ephraim Martin, Thomas Potts,* Abijah Brown, Mark Thompson. Hunterdon, Samuel Tucker, John Mehelm, John Hart, Charles Stewart, Augustine Stevenson.* Monmouth, Edward Taylor, John Covenhoven, Joseph Holmes. Burlington, Isaac Pierson, John Pope, Samuel How,* John Wood, Joseph Newbold. Gloucester, John Cooper,* Joseph Ellis, Thomas Clark,* Elijah Clark,* Richard Somers.* Salem, Grant Gibbon, Benjamin Holme, John Holme, Edward Keasby, John Carey. Cumberland, Theophilus Elmer, Jonathan Eyers. Cape May, Jesse Hand,* Elijah Hughes.

* The persons whose names are thus * marked did not attend this session of the Congress.