Structure of Fruits and Seeds-Differences in Fruits and Seeds-

Reasons for Differences of Structure-Protection of Seeds- Edible

Fruits and Seeds-Movements of Plants-Arrowroot-Dandelion

-Linaria-Vallisneria-Dispersion of Seeds-Seeds thrown by

Parent Plant-Seeds sown by Parent Plant-Viola canina and

Hirta-Reason of Differences-Seeds thrown by Geraniums—

Herb Robert-Other species of Geranium-Vetch-Cardamine-

Squirting Cucumber-Other Plants which throw Seeds-Poppy-

Campanula Swimming Spores-Eye-Spot-Vaucheria—Elaters

of Equisetum-Seeds carried by Wind-Valerianella—Spinifex—

Rose of Jericho-Winged Seeds-Maple-Sycamore-Lime—

Hornbeam-Elm-Birch-Pine- Fir-Ash-Feathered Seeds-

Clematis - Anemone -Dryas - Thrincia-Epilobium-Willow-

Cotton-Cotton Grass-Seeds adapted to be Wafted by Water—

Cocoa-nut
• Pages 45-72

-

CHAPTER IV.

Edible Fruits, Colours of-Sense of Colour in Animals-Seeds carried

by Animals-Hooked Seeds-Burdock-Agrimony-Bur Parsley

-Enchanter's Nightshade-Cleavers-Forget-me-Not-Harpago-

phyton - Martynia - Sticky Seeds-Winged Seeds on Trees

Hooked Seeds on Bushes and Herbs-English Trees in Relation

to their Fruits and Seeds-Modes of Dispersion in one Natural

Order-Rosaceae-Sticky Seeds especially suitable to Epiphytes-

Mistletoe-Arceuthobium-Myzodendron-Seeds sown by Parent

Plant Trifolium — Viola-Cardamine - Ground-nut - Vetch-

Lathyrus-Other Species-Moving Seeds-Erodium-Stipa-

Species with more than one kind of Seed-Thrincia-Corydalis—

Alisma-Seeds which mimic Insects and other Animals-Scorpiu-

rus, resemblance of, to Caterpillars, Biserrula to a Centipede, Ricinus

to a Mite, Jatropha and Martynia to Beetles, pod of Trichosanthes

to a Snake-Interest and variety of Problems still remaining for

solution
Pages 73-96

-

-

Beauty of Leaves-Variety of Forms-Causes of Variety-Size of

Leaves-Hornbeam, Beech, Elm, Sycamore, Lime, Chestnut,

Mountain Ash, Elder, Ash, Walnut, Ailanthus, Horse Chestnut-

Rowan--Forms of Leaves-Lime-Beech Nut-Spanish Chestnut

-Elm-Conifers-Yew-Length of Leaves in Conifers-Horse

Chestnut-Maple-Structure of Leaf-Stomata-Poplars-Black

and White Poplar-Plants with Vertical Leaves-Lettuce-

Compass Plants
• Pages 97-118

CHAPTER VI.

Tropical Vegetation-Australian Acacias-Acacia Melanoxylon with

two types of Leaves—Eucalyptus-Juniperus Sinensis—Ivy-Fall

of the Leaf-Length and Longevity of Coniferous Leaves-Ever-

green Leaves-Functions of Hairs-Hairs as a Protection-Rela-

tion of Hairs and Honey-Water-Plants often Glabrous-Mimicry

-Mayweed and Chamomile-Stinging-nettle and Dead-nettle-

Yellow Bugle-Form of Leaves in Water Plants-Floating and

Submerged Leaves-Plants with two forms of Leaves-Ranunculus

aquatilis-Much Divided Leaves frequent in Herbaceous Plants-

Entire Leaves frequent in Shrubs and Trees-Broad and Narrow

Leaves-Attitude of Leaves-Drosera and Plantago-Daphne

-Vegetation of Dry Regions-Succulent Plants-Various Forms

of Leaf in Lathyrus-Lathyrus Aphaca and Nissolia-Lobed and

Heart-shaped Leaves-Possible Modes of accounting for the

Difference-Leaves of Seedlings-Lobed Leaves often preceded

by Heart-shaped ones-Cephalandra-Hibiscus-Passiflora-Ex-

planation of Forms of Leaves-Form of Leaf has Relation to

Requirements of Plant-Senecio-Herbaceous Species-Shrubby

Species-Climbing Species-Succulent Species-Tree Species-

Great variety of Forms-Conclusion
Pages 119-147

12. Epilobium parviflorum

13. Diagrammatic section of Arum

14. Salvia officinalis. Section of a young flower

15. Ditto, visited by a Bee

16. Ditto, older flower

17. Stamens in their natural position

16

18

21

21

21

22

24. Flower of Lotus corniculatus seen from the side and in front

29

25. Ditto, after removal of the standard . . .

29

26. Ditto, after removal of the standard and wings

29

27. Ditto, after removal of one side of the keel

29

28. Terminal portion of Fig. 27 more magnified. 29. Primula (long-styled form)

29

31

46. Seed-head of Poppy (Papaver)

47. Seeds of Maple, Sycamore, Lime, Hornbeam, Elm, Birch, Pine, Fir, Ash

65

68

48. Seeds of Willow Herb, Thrincia hirta, Tamarix, Willow, Cotton-grass, Bullrush

71

50. Seeds of Burdock, Agrimony, Bur Parsley, Enchanter's Nightshade, Cleavers, Forget-me-nots

51. Seeds of Harpagophyton procumbens and Martynia proboscidea. 77 52. Vicia amphicarpa

76

86

87

89