An Introduction to Mineralogy: Adapted to the Use of Schools, and Private Students : Illustrated by Nearly Two Hundred Wood Cuts

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B.B. Barber, 1832 - 343 páginas
 

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Página 229 - Carolina one may easily trace its boundaries, so far as they have been hitherto observed. From a point taken eight miles west by south of the mouth of the...
Página 70 - The great range of hills, extending from Nottingham to Sunderland, in England, are entirely composed of it. The lime obtained from it is greatly esteemed for cements, being less subject to decay, owing to its absorbing less carbonic acid from the atmosphere than the lime of common limestone.
Página 46 - The best way to show the phosphorescence of fluor, colophonite, argentine, and other minerals requiring heat, is to make a shovel red hot, and having immediately carried it into the dark, sprinkle on the mineral in the state of coarse powder. As the iron cools and turns black, the phosphorescent light will be seen. SPECIFIC GRAVITY. The specific gravity of a body is its weight when compared with the weight of a quantity of water equal to its own bulk. Thus when we say that gold has a specific gravity...
Página 280 - It colors glass of borax green. It is soluble with difficulty in nitric acid, particularly if not reduced to powder. On being exposed to the air, it is gradually decomposed : first the color of the surface becomes brown or black ; afterwards, also, the streak is changed into red or brown ; hardness and specific gravity are diminished; and even the chemical constitution is altered, the whole being converted into hydrate of iron. It frequently occurs, along with carbonate of lime, in veins and beds,...
Página 137 - It abounds with very distinct and perfect impressions of fish, sometimes a foot or two in length; the head, fins, and scales being perfectly distinguishable. A single specimen sometimes presents parts of three or four fish, lying in different directions, and between different layers. The fish are sometimes contorted, and almost doubled. Their colour, sometimes gray, is usually black; and the tins and scales appear to be converted into coal.
Página 229 - GOLD is a metal which has been known from the re motest antiquity, and has been universally employed as a medium of exchange. Although the quantity of go'ld which is found, when compared with that of other metals, is small, yet it occurs in greater or less abundance in almost every part of the globe. It occurs in the native state, and combined with silver, and frequently mixed with metallic sulphurets and arseniurets. It is indeed stated by Gahn that but liltle sulphuret of iron is met with which...
Página 89 - ... varieties of prismatic Heavy-spar in various localities in Saxony, at Przibram and Mies in Bohemia, in Auvergne, &c. ; fibrous varieties are known from Mies, from Leiningen in the Palatinate, from the vicinity of Liege and from America ; the radiated variety chiefly from Monte Paterno near Bologna. Crystals of the present species have been artificially obtained by dissolving sulpho-cyanuret of barium in sulphuric acid, and allowing this solution to be slowly decomposed by the influence of the...
Página 190 - Tincal is brought chiefly, if not only, from Thibet, where it is procured from a lake which is entirely supplied by springs. The edges and shallows of the lake are covered with a stratum of borax, which is dug up in considerable masses, and the holes thus made, are gradually filled by a fresh deposition.— Phillips. It is said also to be met with in Ceylon, and in considerable quantity in Potosi.
Página 197 - In the flame of a candle becomes an opake mass of a brownish colour ; melts instantly before theblow pipe. Composition. Sulphate of lime 28.25 ; anhydrous sulphate of lime "28.42 ; anhydrous sulphate of magnesia 20.03; sulphate of potash 27.70 ; muriate of soda 0.19; red oxide of iron 0.34. — Stromeyer. Localities. Ischel, in Upper Austria ; also at Vic, in Lorraine ; in both places among rock salt. CLASS V. ALKALINO-EARTHY MINERALS. The minerals belonging to this class, consist of earths in various...
Página 333 - A mineral rock is said to be aggregated, when the several component parts only adhere together, and may be separated by mechanical means : the felspar, quartz, and mica, constituting granite, may be separated mechanically. Granite is an aggregated rock.

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