Reports of the Commissioners of the United States to the International Exhibition

Portada
1876
 

Contenido

Starch 9
9
Effect of climate and other influences 10
10
Distribution of nitrogen
11
Nitrogenous bodies their composition 12
12
Dextrine and its homologues
13
Peculiarities of various flours
14
Art Page 44 Kinds of wheat generally sown its color
18
European varieties
19
Prevention of heating
20
Diseases and enemies of wheat
21
Winnowing and separating
22
Removal of oats
23
Separating light grains
24
Separating round seeds
25
A third device
26
Inspection of wheat
27
Removal of beard and bran Bentzs method
28
Scourer
30
CHAPTER II
31
Ignaz Paur his method
32
Jury classification
33
Grades of product
34
Finer products of grinding 1
35
Constitution and peculiarities of the flour
36
Motion of the stone
37
Form used in the United States
39
Various forms of grooves
40
Art Page 94 The grain in the mill
41
Ventilation
42
Effect of distance of rolls apart
44
The St Gallen mill
46
The disintegrator
47
Summary
48
The branduster
49
Purification of grits
50
Purifier used at Pesth
51
Another device
52
Products of the two processes of milling
53
Physical differences in wheat
54
Necessity of preserving glutencells
55
Purification
56
High milling
56
Products of Hungarian high milling
57
Details of Hungarian milling process
59
Flour for Vienna bread
60
Products of the Prague mill
61
Average product of the Hungarian mills
63
Products of low milling
65
American methods
66
Impurities in American wheat
67
Characteristics of flour
68
Characteristics of various starchgranules
69
Dempwolffs analysis
73
Yeast breadmaking 166
90
Substitutes for ferment
91
Phosphatic bread
92
Changes in crust conversion of starch to dextrine
93
Advantage of small over large loaves
94
What is stale bread
95
Results of authors experimental research
96
Loss due to fermentation
97
CHAPTER IV
98
The doughroom
99
The oven
100
How to secure largesized loaves with thin crust
102
Can we have Vienna bread in America?
103
APPENDIX A 230 Dempwolffs investigation of Hungarian wheat and wheatflour from the Pesth walzmühle
104
Processes in the Vienna bakeries 218
105
APPENDIX B 233 Phosphatic bread
109
Liebigs comparison of meats with grain
110
Art Page
112
Mitscherlichs observations on growth of yeastplant with outline diagrams
116
Glutencells illustrated 69
117
The Thilenius millstone 40
121
Constituents of plantfood 1
3
THE NEW YORK TIMES ON PATRONAGE BY THE STATE
5
METHOD OF MAKING AWARDS 6
6
SCIENTIFIC IMPROVEMENT ORIGINATING IN THE UNITED STATES 7
7
ACTION OF THE BOARD OF TRADE ου 00
8
GREAT BRITAIN CHARACTER OF EXHIBITS
9
PECULIARITIES OF THE TOWERCLOCK 28
28
VISIBLE SPEECH MISS TRASKS METHOD HER TEACHING COLLECTIVE VISIBLE SPEECH ALPHABET SYMBOLS CLASSBOOKS
29
METHODS THE METHOD STILL IN PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT THE LEARN ING OF DEFINITIONS APPLICATION OF THE METHOD T...
30
CONCLUSION OLD METHODS INCOMPLETE THE SCHOOL LIKE A FAMILY
31
Potassium fertilizers 55
55
American photography + A co
1
WORTHLEYS METHOD 8
7
WOODBURYS PROCESS 8
8
BRITISH COLONIES 10
10
AROZA OF ST CLOUD 11
11
ROUSSELONS PHOTOENGRAVING PROCESS 12
12
PHOTOGRAPHING IN COLORS VIDALS DISCOVERY 13
13
ITALY CHARACTER OF EXHIBITS 14
14
SWEDEN 15
15
NETHERLANDS 16
16
CARBON PRINTS AND PHOTOLITHOGRAPHS 17
17
Article Page 52 HUNGARY 21
21
RUSSIA 22
22
ALBERTS PROCESS 18
25
Surgery 5
5
THEODOLITES EXHIBITED
5
Character of exhibit 1
3
WOODBURYTYPES 19
19
ERRATA
2
HISTORICAL COLLECTION 21
3
STUPENDORFFS INSTRUMENT
12
THE MERCURIAL BAROMETER KAPPELER
18
Administration of the telegraph 25
25
State monopoly 28
51
Classification
84
Instruments and systems 1
3
Nitrogen its proportion affected by climate 14
14
Climate of Hungary 15
15
Redness of color in wheat its cause 16
16
COMPARISON WITH OTHER METHODS
25
No Page 37 MONOPOLY OF THE TELEGRAPH 27
27
COST OF NEW LINES 28
28
BRANCHLINES 29
29
HISTORICAL SKETCH RATES 30
30
THE UNITED STATES BEHIND EUROPE 31
31
THE PROPER SYSTEM OF TELEGRAPHLINES 32
32
BALANCES SENSIBILITY 33
33
MICROSCOPES RECENT ADVANCES 34
34
AMICIS DEVICE 35
35
Administration 37
37
Electrical apparatus 12
38
Page
43
The cradle and the crèche 2
3
anatomy
4
CHAPTER II
10
Physiological infantschool 11
11
GENERAL EDUCATION
14
HISTORY ORIGIN THE EARLIER TEACHERS THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL
16
Thermometrical apparatus 17
17
Schools for deaf and mute 18
18
CHAPTER IV
23
Laboratory apparatus 27
27
The HollandoGerman school 19
43
The Spanish French school 24
49
The Abbé de lEpée and his time 27
55
The AngloAmerican school 28
64
65
65
66
66
70
70
PART III
73
European schools for idiots 32
75
American schools for idiots 41
88
MEDIA
90
COLUMBUS FRANKFORT 46 PROMINENT POINTS OF TRAINING THEIR APPLICATION 47 CONCLUSIONS
93
II
97
The school as it is and as it should be 48
99
SWEDISH SCHOOLS 39
100
ITALIAN SCHOOLS 101
101
PORTUGUESE SCHOOLS 102
102
BELGIAN SCHOOLS 103
103
EXHIBITIONS OF SCHOOLS AT VIENNA 104
104
THE SCHOOL AS IT SHOULD BE 105
105
FURNITURE 106
106
APPARATUS 108
108
Black bread more nutritious 111
111
CHAPTER III
113
EDUCATION OF THE HAND 114
114
EDUCATION OF THE SENSES 115
115
EDUCATION OF THE MEDICAL SENSES 116
116
EDUCATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL SENSES 117
117
EDUCATION OF THE LANGUAGE 119
119
SPECIAL TEACHING GEOGRAPHY 122
122
The scholar his textbooks and teachers 64
123
75
125
76
127
77
129
79
132
88
135
90
136
Surgery
5
THE NOTE AND BOND PRINTING DIVISION
7
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL INFANTSCHOOL ITS ORIGIN AND BASIS OPPORTUNI
11
Work of the jury 43
26
Results of educational representation 49
32
BRITISH INDIA 23
35
Arrangement of exhibits 13 50
3
Art patronage by the United States 1
1
OTHER COUNTRIES 23
7
History of the South Kensington Museum 7
8
WORKINGPLAN 10
10
IMPORTANCE OF SUCH CULTURE NOT APPRECIATED IN THE UNITED STATES 11
11
PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS SHOULD THE ENCEPHALON HAVE
12
TRUE ART APPRECIATED BY ALL 11
Art of printing 1
1
FRANCE NO LONGER SUPREME IN ART 12
12
MUSEUMS NECESSARY IN THE CULTIVATION OF THE APPLICATION OF ART
17
22
18
Lithography 19
19
Art Page 29 Difficulties of making such paper in Europe 22
22
Imitations produced in Great Britain 23
23
CONCLUSION 24
24
Manufactures of paper 25
25
APPENDIX THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BARRELS 39 Exhibit of John Thompson 202065 27
27
Publications in Europe 1
1
THE LITHOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT
6
со со
9
PATRONAGE NOT SUPPORT NEEDED 12
12
PROPOSED APPOINTMENT OF A GOVERNMENT COMMISSION ON ART 13
13
General observations 34
14
NECESSITY OF AN ATTACHED TYPEFOUNDERY
18

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Página 62 - It will be safe to infer, however, from the above results, that there is no river in the United Kingdom long enough to effect the destruction of sewage by oxidation.
Página 61 - In fact, whether we examine the organic' pollution of a river at different points of its flow, or the rate of disappearance of the organic matter of sewage when the latter is. mixed with fresh water and violently agitated in contact with air, or finally, the rate at which dissolved oxygen disappears in water polluted with five per cent...
Página 61 - ... per cent of sewage, we are led, in each case, to the inevitable conclusion that the oxidation of the organic matter in sewage proceeds with extreme slowness, even when the sewage is mixed with a large volume of unpolluted water, and that it is impossible to say how far such water must flow before the sewage matter becomes thoroughly oxidised.
Página 62 - ... discharged from another's bowels ; that, in short, the diffusion of cholera among us depends entirely upon the numberless filthy facilities which are let exist, and especially in our larger towns, for the fouling of earth and air and water, and thus secondarily for the infection of man, with whatever contagium may be contained in the miscellaneous outflowings of the population.
Página 43 - ... the trade in superphosphates, guano and similar commercial fertilizers began. The same stupendous frauds by adulteration and dilution of good things were practiced there as they have been and, we have great reason to fear, still are carried on here. But the experiment station has perfectly cured and rooted out these evils in all the districts where it has been established and appreciated. The experiment station there is prepared to furnish the farmers at small cost with an analysis of any fertilizer...
Página 15 - The paper being drawn or written upon with lithographic ink, is, when finished, put for a few minutes between damp blotting-paper; a warmed stone is put in the press, the sheet...
Página 118 - ... thought can be brought together to produce a harmonious result in the development of a human being is the problem in the educational world of to-day. We may fill the mind with useful ideas and beautiful thoughts, but " the hand alone can give precision and durability to the simplest ideas after all. When the mind is active and the hand inapt ideas run to waste, therefore,
Página 23 - The Physiological Infant-School will result from the union of the kind training .of the Salle d'Asyle and the joyous exercises of the Kindergarten, with the application of physiology to education. None will question the opportuneness of this intellectual movement ; but one may hesitate to predict where it will succeed best. Germany had the start, but failed to comprehend the entirety of the idea, either in general education, when Pestalozzi and Froebel mangled the " Emile," or in special education,...
Página 7 - ... often mistaken for natural sleep. Psychologically viewed, the decoration of the cradle is of equal moment. To surround an infant with highly wrought or colored figures often grotesque, or at least untrue to nature, may, by day, attract more attention than his faculties of perception can safely bestow, hence fatigue of the brain or worse...
Página 115 - Eating, cutting, brushing, and the menial services which the hand performs as a domestic of the body, must be intrusted to the left, even drawing, writing, and a few automatic games and exercises, like spading, sawing, at the same time that the lacing, buckling, buttoning of the garments must be altered to be worked by that hand. By the second and more general device, it would be well to have the schoolarrangements, as the doors and windows, altered and disposed to be moved by left-handling, so that...

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