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judging of a people systematically oppressed and degraded by worldly rulers and spiritual leaders, both equally ravenous wolves, and almost forced to use the abject expedient of servility, fraud, lies, and hypocrisy-in order to secure to themselves an existence so miserable withal, that the mere prospect of it would generate a revolution amongst western nations.'

"But our evangelistic efforts among the Greeks and Armenians will not stop short here-they will attract Mahomedans also: classing the system of the false prophet as a Christian heresy, the worst perhaps and most desolating of all, it will at once be seen that it is but one step from restoring fallen churches in the East to calling in the followers of the false prophet. How naturally the one work will spring out of the other; till we attempt the one can we hope or pray for the other? Direct Missions to the Mahomedans cannot, it is true, be yet with safety attempted, but the day even for this is, we verily hope, not far distant. At the outbreak of the war it was asserted in Parliament, that there was more toleration for Christian missionaries in Turkey than in any country in Europe, England and France only excepted. Nor is it too much to expect as an immediate result of the present war, that the punishment of death still inflicted on apostates from Mohamedanism will, if not finally repealed, be allowed to drop into desuetude. As the status quo ante of Russian agression, so that of Turkish fanaticism has passed away, never we hope to return.

"The partisans of Rome, particularly in France, have not been slow to discern and follow up the openings made by our arms in the East. The old dream of Latin ascendancy over the Eastern churches has been re-asserted-and before long, Rome may be found acting out in the 19th century, the same wise policy which in the 16th, redeemed her defeats in Europe by fresh acquisitions in India and the East. She may seek to retrieve her losses in Ireland and America by the subjection of Eastern patriarchs to the Western Papacy. On this account among others it behoves the Reformed Churches at once to stir.

"The American Board of Missions have, it is true, occupied stations at Constantinople and other places for nearly a quarter of a century. Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, Mr. Layard, and other competent authorities, have spoken in the very highest terms of their zeal and success. As Churchmen we desire no higher proof of their disinterested zeal than this-that they offered to withdraw altogether from their mission among the Greeks some years ago in favor of the Church Missionary Society, from observing that converts bred up among the Eastern Churches would incline more readily to missionaries from an Episcopal Church. At that time the Church Missionary Society was unable from want of funds to enter so new and extensive a field. Since then events have succeeded each other with a rapidity no human prudence could foresee. It is simply now impossible, that as British Christians and Churchmen, we should continue to stand aloof from a work so pressing and pa

ramount.

One of two courses only is open to us-we may either show a less sympathy by subsidising others already in the field, or a greater by engaging in the work for ourselves, Shall it be a Turkish Missions, or a Turkish aid Missions, that we adopt and approve of? The former course, I respectfully submit, alone is worthy of the greatness of the crisis and our character as a Missionary Church.

"I have the strongest assurances that there are hundreds who never gave a subscription to missions to any heathen land who would now gladly promote evangelization in Turkey. How many thousands of our countrymen have gone to die in Turkey. How many thousands more at home now regard a burying place by the Bosphorus, or in the Crimea, as sacred earth Like Abraham, we have dearly bought our Machpelah in the land-the price has been paid in blood-we have pitched our tents there-it only remains that we should rear altars to the God of Israel, as marks of friendly occupation on the part of our arms, of solemn and perpetual possession on the part of our religion.

"Churches once arose in the East over the bones of the first martyrs; may not decayed churches again flourish rebuilt in pious memory of brave men who died in the Turkish war of deliverance? The thought of aiding in so good and glorious a work would ease many an aching and bereaved heart, seeking for Christian work congenial to, and alleviating of their present sorrows.

"Without creating a new machinery for the purpose, some church society qualified by its constitution to engage in this work should, I submit, be encouraged to adopt it. The Church Missionary Society, for instance, might be applied to. Their Committee alone can say how far they are prepared to extend their Mediterranean Mission if invited to do so by offers of support. I will confine myself to quoting the opening paragraph of their last Report on that Mission:

"The deep interest with which the Christian Church now views the religious prospects of the Turkish Empire, makes your Committee very thankful that they have missions within its borders, at Smyrna and Palestine. In the former, the Turkish language is vernacular; in the latter, the Arabic, so that a foundation, at least, has been laid for future extension of operations should God in his providence call us forward and supply the means of advancing."

"Should your Grace, seconded by other dignitaries of our Church, and supported by an influential body of clergy, succeed in assuring the committee of the Church Missionary Society, that the time had come when God calls them forward and will supply the means of advancing,' it will furnish a signal proof, that God can both fulfil past prophecy, and answer present prayer.

"In the city of Smyrna, the only one of the seven churches to whose angel was addressed neither censure nor threat, the Society has maintained for eighteen years one solitary missionary, ministering to a little Greek congregation averaging only sixteen members. A

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barren spot, Mr. Worlters reports it to be, as to present fruit, but of the greatest importance as a missionary station, and therefore by all means to be retained. It is the only one of the seven churches where the gospel is preached, and that in six different languages, English, German, Greek, Armenian, Turkish, Judæo-Spanish.' At the commencement of the present year Mr. Worlters put forth an animated appeal for the prayers and sympathy of the Church of Christ. The words will be found in the Report of the Church Missionary Society.

"It is, at least, a hopeful sign that in this one church, once 'faithful amongst the faithless found,' there should yet be one missionary and a congregation even of sixteen. Old Testament remnants, some one has remarked, make New Testament first fruits, and thus of churches. What is now a remnant of what once was, may be the first fruits of what shall yet be.

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tion,

Trusting that God may bless your Grace's efforts in this direc

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"I desire to remain, with great respect,

"Your very obedient servant, "His Grace, the Lord Archbishop of Dublin." "J. B. HEARD."

"For a good while past it has been strongly impressed on my mind that a door is now opened to us for missionary exertion in the Turkish Empire; and that the present opportunity, as it is such as has never occurred before, is also one which may be finally lost if we should now neglect to avail ourselves of it.

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I heartily concur with you in thinking, that it would be a great reproach to us if nothing should be done towards the spreading of gospel-truth in those regions by any society connected with our Church.

"When first certain American missionaries entered on that field of operations, the Church Missionary Society had a very sufficient reason, in the want of funds, for declining to undertake anything in that quarter. But now there is a great and increasing interest taken in the population, both Christian and Mahomedan, of the Turkish dominions, as well as increased facilities of operation there. And, I cannot doubt, that if an appeal were made by the Society, and a SPECIAL FUND called for, with a view to that particular object, there would be found no want of public sympathy or christian liberality in the members of our Church. And I may suggest, that facilities for such operations seem to offer themselves in the existence of two bishops connected with our Church, those at Gibraltar and Jerusalem.

"There can be no reason why the American missionaries should regard a movement on our part as savouring of all hostile jealousy, and commenced in opposition to them; on the contrary, they will, I trust, think the better of the members of our Church for exer

tions to propagate what we believe to be sound views, and for not being content to have a good and great work to be carried on wholly by those of another nation and another church.

"I am, Rev. and dear sir,

"Rev. J. B. Heard."

"Your faithful servant,

"RICHARD DUBLIN."

THE NATIONAL GALLERY.

ON the principle of audi alteram partem, we willingly give insertion to the following letter from an esteemed and wellinformed correspondent.-[ED. C. E. Q. R.]

To the Editor of the "Church of England Quarterly Review." SIR, I have read with much regret the observations in your last number upon the recent appointment to offices in the National Gallery, and especially the violent personal attack upon Sir Charles L. Eastlake. I will not trespass upon your time and space by discussing the propriety of these appointments; neither will I dwell upon the extreme difficulty, not to say impossibility, of recognising at all times, through the dust and dirt of ages, the tricks of picture-dealers and imitators, and the disguise of restorations and repaintings, the hand of a particular master. Least of all would I attempt to refute charges so false and scandalous as those brought by your correspondent against a gentleman whose moral character, public and private, stands so high for integrity and honesty of purpose, as that of Sir Charles Eastlake. I cannot, however, forbear expressing my extreme regret that charges so offensive as those to which I allude should have found their way into a periodical of so high a character as the "Church of England Quarterly Review."

In your correspondent's displeasure at the appointment to the office of Director of the National Gallery, he appears entirely to have overlooked Sir Charles's claims to the gratitude and confidence of all friends of the arts in this country. Not to mention more particularly his exertions as Secretary of the Fine Arts' Commission, his literary works connected with art would have established the reputation of another man. It will be difficult to find another series of essays which impart, in such clear language, so much sound information upon the subjects on which they treat; and which exhibit such profound knowledge of the principles and theories of art as those written by Sir Charles Eastlake, in the Reports of the Commissioners of the Fine Arts.

I have the honour to remain, Sir,

Your obedient servant,

C. R.

THE REFORMATORY SCHOOL MOVEMENT.

SINCE our last notice of this interesting subject various meetings have been held at different cities and county towns. At Bristol, Mr. Commissioner Hill introduced M. De Metz,

FACTS AND PROGRESS.

the founder of the model institution at Methay, to a large meeting lately held there. Lord Robert Grosvenor also laid the first stone of a permanent building for St. Pancras ; while similar meetings have been held at Reading, Lewes, and other towns. The nobility, magistrates, and clergy of the North and East Riding of the county of York proposed their plans to a meeting held at York, on the 4th of October last. The Earl of Zetland presided. Lords Fitzwilliam, Wenlock, Bolton and Teignmouth, the Hon. W. Duncombe, M.P., Colonel Smyth, M.P., the Revs. Canon Harcourt, Jefferson, Gooch, and Baillie were present. The Earl of Carlisle having offered the Society a suitable site for a building, the meeting accepted this generous offer, and recommended that the offices of superintendent, schoolmaster, and chaplain should be combined in a single individual. The Provisional Committee had been in treaty with a laborious Scripture Reader, whose previous career fitted him for this peculiar office, and the utmost confidence was expressed in his prac"The family tical acquaintance with his proposed duties. system" adopted at Redhill, was also approved of. The first farm school is to be erected for about forty inmates, who will be occupied in the cultivation of about forty-four acres of land. The moral and religious culture which will thus be provided, together with the healthy labours of the field, the garden, and the fold-yard, will, it is confidently hoped, turn these pests of society into honest, peaceable, and industrious labourers. The Chairman of the Quarter Sessions at Northallerton and Beverly, and the Recorders of York and Hull, have each impressed upon the public the importance of the institution and their confidence in its management.

The appointment of a resident chaplain caused some excitement among the Roman Catholic gentlemen and priests of the county. The well known Protestant firmness and judicious zeal of the chairman and committee, and the clerical secretary (the Rev. Canon Harcourt, and the Rev. Thomas Myers, Sheriff Hutton,) afforded to the leading magistrates the best possible guarantee for the moral and religious training of the inmates; while the Roman Catholic portion of the gentry expressed their anxiety for the admission of their own priests within its walls. The meeting decided that the Institution should relinquish the charge of any criminals who might prefer being sent to a Reformatory of their own persuasion; and the Romanists having accepted this solution of a practical difficulty, a meeting of Roman Catholic gentlemen and priests has lately been held at York,