charter which defines them." confederacy, can never be effected by any consti- annual report, as secretary of the treasury. of value taken from each citizen is measured by this tutional application of the limited powers conferred There appears to my mind so strong a resemblance, standard. Entire uniformity and exact equality in on congress. The want and the desire of uniformi- that I cannot forego the opportunity of introducing all contributions and exactions cannot be attained ty in this various currency, its elevation above, or to the notice of the cominittee the enumeration of really as well as nominally, but by the use of this depression below, the standard of the constitution, the legitimate objects of federal legislation con- conimon, or constitutional standard or measure of its tendency to exclude gold and silver from circu- tained in that famous document: value. Specie payments of all debts and dues to lation, its useful or injurious functions in commer- "To give perfection to the industry of a country the government are the necessary result of requircial transactions, its agency in disturbing or derang-rich in the gifts of nature, and blessed in the bene- ing uniformity, and employing a common and ining the fair rate of exchange between different parts ficence of its government; to draw out its obvious variable standard. In addition to the argument of the union, neither from one, or all of these con- resources, and seek constantly for new ones, ever resting on uniformity and a common standard, it siderations combined, can any power be derived to ready to unfold themselves to diligent inquiry, urged will be remembered, that neither the states or the congress over the subject. For correction and re- on by adequate motives; to augment the number federal government can make any thing but gold form in the character of the currency of the seve- and variety of occupations for its inhabitants; to and silver a tender in payment of debts. Should ral states, we must, under our forms of government, hold out to every degree of labor, and to every mo- the government receive the paper substitutes, issued rely upon the same authority which has bestowed dification of skill, its appropriate object and induce- in the different states, in place of gold and silver, the privilege of creation and issue. For weal or wo, ment-these ranking amongst the highest ends of how can it with these preserve the public faith, in wisdom or in folly, constitutionally or unconstitu- legislation. To organize the whole labor of a coun- and fulfil all its engagements at home and abroad, tionally, the states have adopted this paper system; try, to entice into the widest ranges its mechanical according to the terms of the constitution? Should they have, respectively, exclusive jurisdiction in the and intellectual capabilities, instead of suffering the government receive paper at all, it ought to be regulation of their own issues, and each may wholly them to slumber; to call forth, whenever bidden, with a certainty, excluding every posibility of doubt exclude from circulation within its limits the issues latent ingenuity, giving to effort activity, and to of its immediate convertibility into gold and silver, of any or all the rest. Sir, I repeat that the great emulation ardor; to create employment for the and it ought to be so converted invariably before question of reform in local banks and currency, greatest amount of numbers, by adapting it to the disbursement. In such case, the government, as a the great question of a revisal of the whole system diversified faculties, propensities, and situations of matter of convenience to the tax payer, assists him of corporations-these great questions between re- men, so that every particle of ability, every shade in the process of converting his paper into that mepublican equality and aristocratic privilege-belong of genius, may come into requisition, is, in other dium required for the use of the treasury. to the states separately; and any attempt on the words, to lift up the condition of a country, to in- As an authority for the receipt and disbursement part of congress to interfere, regulate, control, or crease its fiscal energy, to multiply the means and of a paper currency, my colleague [Mr. Garland] settle state policy, directly or indirectly, overtly sources of its opulence to imbue it with the elements relies upon the construction given to the act of 1789 or clandestinely, I denounce as an unwarrantable of general, as well as lasting, strength and prosperi- by Alexander Hamilton, then secretary of the treaexercise of power. Congress ought not to be per- ty." sury, and to the subsequent practice of the governmitted to divide with the states the glory of achiev- With an avowal of so many objects and purposes ment. In my opinion, sir, there has been a constant ing a radical reformation in their own peculiar local of federal legislation, with our state institutions na- tendency to depart from the strict line of constituinstitutions, nor ought it to desire to participate in tionalized, and drawn, by consequence of compacts tional duty, in the administration of the finances, the crime of perpetuating existing abuses by inter- and agreements, within the cognizance of, and sub- from the commencement of the governmeni, which posing the ægis of protection, upon the false and jected, it possible, to the decision of, the federal is mainly attributable to the unfortunate bias acquirslanderous suggestion that, under the cloak of re-judiciary, as cases in law or equity, arising under ed from the doctrines inculcated by Hamilton, under form, the democracy conceal the demon of destruc- the constitution and laws of the United State, what the imposing authority of the head of the treasury tion. Let the struggles for reform of state policy portion of the reserved rights of the states, may we department. Hamilton's federal ideas were embe carried on, free from all unjust obstrusion and hope, will ultimately be saved from encroachment, bodied and brought into practice in his management illegal interference on the part of this government.* should these alarming doctrines obtain? Then the of the treasury, and in his systems of finance.I see with approbation that the eminent indivi- republicans of the present day, as did the republi- Against his constitutional constructions and his dual to whom is entrusted the executive power, has cans of '98, will have too much cause to express fiscal arrangements, the republican party have readopted this safe rule of conduct; and, in his adhe- their deep regret, "that a spirit has been manifest-gularly protested; and I cannot but think that my rence to it, I trust confidently that he will be tri-ed by the federal government to enlarge its pow- colleague, as a republican, has made a most unforumphantly sustained. The states may, and doubt-ers by forced constructions of the constitutional tunate reference. Instead of gold and silver in the less, will improve their currency; will cause it to apreceipts and disbursements of the government, in proximate more nearly to the constitutional stand- In lieu of this scheme, which has so lately failed pursuance of the provisions of the constitution, it is ard; will make it uniform, and equivalent to gold with a most disastrous explosion, it is proposed in maintained that the receipts and disbursements of and silver within their own limits; and without, the bill before us, reported by the committee of equivalents is a fair compliance with the constitution must leave it to depend upon our good character at ways and means, to organize the treasury accord- and the law. Sir, the doctrine of equivalents is unhome and the condition and wants of business. I ing to the requisitions of the constitution. My col-known to the constitution. It is one of the many will not doubt both the inclination and wisdom of league [Mr. Garland] has candidly admitted that and fatal heresies of federalism. If congress, or the states to accomplish, without federal dictation there is no constitutional objection to the plan which any department, or officer of the government, can, or prescription, the general reform so earnestly we, on our side, advocate, whilst the plan which he in place of a specific thing, at discretion substitute an demanded by the state of public opinion. In the so zealously defends, is surrounded with insur- equivalent, then all the specific provisions of the confulness of time it will be accomplished. It is at a mountable difficulties. I was glad that my col- stitution may be supplanted, at the discretion of one, certain stage in the regular advancement of politi-league did not indulge in the usual cant of charging or all the departments combined, by the substitution cal truth, and in the gradual progress of the great our bill with creating two currencies, one for the of their equivalents. democratic principle. government, and another for the people. Sir, it is utterly untrue that this bill creates any currency at all. I have heretofore adverted to the anomalous con lition of the United States on the subject of currency, and have shown that whilst the constitution requires a metallic currency, and authorizes no other, the states respectively, with or without constitutional right, have superadded a paper currency. Neither congress or this bill is at all responsible for the existence of two currencies in the country. The coinage of money, the regulation of the value thereof, and of foreign coin, is the imperative duty of congress. The existence of a metallic currency, therefore, is an indispensable constitutional requisition. There is, then, one currency, under the constitution, which is necessary and unavoidable, and must perform its intended functions: and those who are disposed to murmur because there is another It undertakes to restrain and regulate their is-currency, which cannot answer all the same purposes, ought to go to the source of its creation to vent their complaints and remonstrances, and ought not to hurl their indignation against our bill, which, in that particular at least, is innocent. Our bill is based upon the principle, that according to the constitution, in the payment of all dues and debts to the government, gold and silver ought to be required, and looks to the ultimate establishment and general application of this principle. Although taxIt proposes to recur to "existing materials," ation, in its broad sense, implies any species of con"state institutions," upon which to build up a sys-tribution or impost for the support of government, tem of federal power: yet I presume that it will not be contested or denied that our rates of taxes, duties, imposts and excises, must be laid and collected in a general medium denominated money. We have seen that the constitution makes money to consist of gold and silver, and does not authorize any other currency; this, therefore, must be the species of money intended to be employed, in government purposes, by the framers of that instrument. Money is only the standard or measure of value. Taxation is but the transfer of individual wealth or value to the government for its consumption. The amount or extent Mr. Chairman, let us briefly recapitulate the purposes, promises, and designs, of this union of the state banks with the federal government. It assumes the power to loan out the public money: It converts the state banks into farmers general of the revenues: It reduces the government to the necessity of making requisitions on the banks for the use of its own revenue: It effaces the line of partition between the two governments: It applies national capital, raised by taxation, and multiplied four-fold, to fructify and sustain national industry: It undertakes to prescribe the denomination of notes to be issued by the state banks; sues: It addresses, as motives of conduct, their "hopes and fears:" It uses the public credit for "reward and punishment:" It promises to give uniformity to the whole local currency: It makes odious discriminations, and aggravates its disparity: To made the most of these for the convenience of the government, as well as for the general good: To reform their abuses, corrects their defects, and adopt every precaution which may be necessary to insure their fidelity and efficiency. These are but an imperfect enumeration; and where, since the days of Hamilton, can its parallel be found? I call to mind none, except, perhaps, the extravaganzas of Richard Rush, in his first See Democratic Review, No 1, pages 118-19. Sir, all the doctrines and arguments of those who profess to belong to the republican party, and yet advocate bank agency and a paper medium in the public receipts and disbursements, are of strong federal tendency; they lead, inevitably, to an admission of the constitutionality and necessity of a national bank. They maintain that bank agency is essential in the collection, safe-keeping, transfer, and disbursement of the revenue, and that a paper currency, convertible into gold and silver, and as an equivalent for gold and silver, is also indispensable in the collection, transfer, and disbursement of the revenue. Now, Mr. Chairman, a chief justice Marshall would, from premises not so strong and pointed, easily and logically deduce the conclusion that it was the right, and the duty, of congress to establish a national bank as a proper, convenient, useful, and necessary appurtenance of the revenue power. I do not mean to charge my colleague [Mr. Garlard] or all his political associates on this question, with any wish or intention to favor the establishment of such an institution at present. He has always disclaimed it-disclaims it now, and I am satisfied of his sincerity. I was, however, showing, as I might legitimately do, and, as I think, I have successfully done, that the creation of such an institution must be the ultimate result, the final conclusion, of all their arguments and doctrines. In the long departure of the government from the true rule of duty, and in the systems and practices which have grown up, I am fully aware that the habits, business, and interests of society are involved in a complicated and intimate connection. No man is more sensible than I am, that, in the application of principles, however true in theory, we ought most carefully to survey all the difficulties and obstructions presented by the existing condition of things. Whilst I would not, in defiance of every obstacle, and regardless of consequences, press an immediate adoption of a favorite system, in all its its powers. CHRONICLE. Ship letters. The number of letters forwarded The number received at the upper 4,360 Florida crops. The Tallahassee papers state that the crops of corn and cotton in middle Florida, are unusually good for the season. The corn crop will be much larger than the last year, more having been planted than usual. The lateness and drought of the spring kept the cotton backward but the recent rains have brought it forward astonishingly. who has "seen many cases of the milk sickness, or sick stomach, compares its malignity to that of the cholera, and adds; and Ohio. The editor of the Indiana Free Press, "It is frequently the case that cattle have what is called the trembles, or milk sickness, without showing any symptoms of disease, until they have been driven or considerably worried, when it exhibits itself by causing the animal to fall down and a trembling similar to that occasioned by a severe shake of the ague upon a person. 67,667 "In Ohio, and in other parts of this state, it has post office been the cause of hundreds of deaths, and conse240,548 101,848 quently retarded the improvement of the country. 1937, the It also exists in parts of Illinois." parts; neither would I, relinquishing all hope and every inducement to excessive taxation; a super- Indian treaty. The Tallahassee papers of the all effort, abandon it in despair, because it was not, fluity of revenue beyond the economical wants of 30th ult. state that "gov. Call and the Indian agents, at once, wholly practicable. Existing difficulties, the government, will neither be desired by congress Messrs. Walker and Boyd, have recently succeedcaused by the errors and defects of the past, cannot or permitted by the people. The transfer of revenue, ed in making a treaty with John Walker and Econ justify a change or an abandonment of principles in no way connected with trade or commerce, from Chatamicco's tribes of Apalachicola Indians. The founded in truth, and in the constitution. It is points of collection to places of expenditure, can treaty provides for their removal on the 20th of Ocrather the duty of the statesman and the philoso-produce no inconvenience, shock or revulsion. No tober next. The Indians are paid for their lands pher, sincerely convinced, and firm of purpose, to charge can with justice be preferred, that the finan- and improvements, and a liberal allowance for their strengthen his defences by reason and arguments; cial operations of the government have interrupted emigration. This treaty has long been desirableand to remove, prudently and gradually, with the business, paralyzed commerce, and destroyed credit. the contact of the Indians with the whites in the least inconvenience and injury, the difficulties which No class of citizens or section of the United States, neighborhoods of settlements bordering on the reoppose the introduction of his system. In obedience can complain of partiality in the benefits to be de- serve, is productive of bad consequences to both to the suggestions of prudence, and from a desire to rived from the use of the revenue, whilst all are parties. The reservation, too, occupies some of the avoid any shock or injury to the interests of the alike excluded from any such favors. All unjust best lands in the territory, which will be settled community, the bill under consideration proposes, discriminations in the local currency, all improper immediately upon the extinguishment of the Indian very gradually, an entire disuse of the paper cur- interference in its regulation, will be avoided; and title." rency for the use of the treasury, and a complete the states, without impediment or assistance, may restoration of the constitutional standard; and thus, proceed in its reformation, according to their own after a long course of error, to retract the govern- seuse of duty and policy. The strict adherence of ment, in the management of the finances, to the the government in all its money transactions to the simple duty prescribed in the instrument defining common standard, will furnish both the measure of value and the example of enforcing it, which the Mr. Chairman, an objection has been urged, that constitution intended, and will be more persuasive this separation of the treasury from the banks will to the states to conform to it, than any direct attempt Milk sickness. The governor of Kentucky has require an additional number of officers, and will to control and regulate their diverse currency. offered a reward of one thousand dollars for the disincrease the patronage of the executive. Sensitive Finally, the organization and management of the as may be the public mind on the subject of patron- treasury, according to the constitution, will be to every of the origin of the disease called milk sickage, it is yet too intelligent and too patriotic to be exercise and vindicate the right and capacity of the mess, which has cut off thousands, from time to deluded into an abandonment of a wise and consti- people of the states respectively to govern them-time, in parts of that state, and parts of Indiana tutional measure, by an unfounded clamor. It relies selves, and to emancipate their federal government for its execution, like every other measure, upon from bank thraldom. officers competent in capacity and number, constitutionally appointed, and constitutionally responsible. Ample personal security, the solemn sanctions of oaths, liability to removal from office, the certainty of punishment for offences, the dread of exposure and disgrace-these are the guarantees, which will, in the general, ensure capacity and fidelity. Shall we surrender the belief, so long and so universally entertained in America, that man in his natural person, and in his individual responsibility, is worthy of trust and confidence, is capable of executing the ordinary functions of civil government? Shall we surrender this theory of republican government as an impracticable speculation or an idle dream, and in utter despair commit the vital concerns of this extended confederacy, to associations Buffalo, of men converted by legal magic into bodies politic Erie, and corporate, with chartered protections, known Cleveland, to the government as agents only in their artificial Sandusky, character, whereby responsibility is diminished, and Maumee, the difficulty of applying the restraints and coer- Detriot, cions of the law is greatly increased? In lieu of the vast and complicated machinery of bank agency; our bill substitutes only some nine or ten additional officers. The increase of patronage to be exerted through these few additional officers of the treasury department, rigidly prohibited from using or employing any public money in their charge, under any pretence, for private purposes, dwindles into insignificance, compared with the almost incalculable influence which may be secured by an alliance between the banks and the treasury. Take the favorite number of deposite banks-twenty-five; mulThe olden time. Forty years ago this day, the tiply these by the whole number of officers, stockholders, and debtors, too, in each: the extent of corfirst rural tea party was held in Northampton, judge rupt influence and patronage into which this system Lyman delivered an oration, and the rural entermay degenerate is absolutely appalling. The public tainment was held near the great bridge in the attention cannot be diverted from the contemplameadows. This festival has been seldom omitted since that time, every year adding to its interest tion of this stupendous combination, so susceptible and beauty. It is usually served up in a grove, the of a sinister influence, and so tempting to a design- Emigrants. German papers mention the arrival ing secretary, by the artful and causeless cry of ex- at Berlin of a number of emigrants, rigid Luthe-ladies having the chief management. Tables, deecutive patronage over nine or ten officers, fettered rans, formerly composing the congregation of the corated with evergreens and beautiful flowers, and with legal restraints. Look at the number of opu- reverend Mr. Schirhel, against whom, with his loaded with refreshments of the richest kind, are lent merchants, capitalists, stockholders, and stock- flock, the military were turned out. They were contributed by the various families in town. Eight jobbers, who may, under the operation of this sys-bound to Hamburg, thence to embark for America, lady managers preside assisted by delegated gentlemen. Music is in attendance, and a dance on the tem, be brought into financial, and, probably, poli-having, it is said, been preceded hither by agents tical, union and concert, with the secretary as to purchase land. It is stated that they are not green follows during the afternnoon. It is a rational and pretty entertainment, free from the selfishcommon head. It would seem that the genius of Ha- without resources. They emigrate to " preserve milton had awakened to revive "those fiscal systems the true faith," and in this feature resemble theness of political festivals and dinner parties, from and arrangements which keep a host of commercial pilgrims who of old left England, and then Hol- which the ladies are always arbitrarily excluded. and wealthy individuals embodied, and obedient to land, to come to this country to preserve liberty of We wish they were more universally prevalent. the mandates of the treasury," and which the advo- conscience.-New York Sun. cates of free government and the enemies of corruption have heretofore assailed. Tonnage of the lakes-For the year tonnage on the lakes was as follows: Taking Squills. A capital hoax was played off Tons. last week with several barrels of the roots of the 2,982 squill, a well known medicinal bulb, which some2,993 times attains a large size. This plant is allied to 6,719 the onion, which it resembles. They cost in the 822 West Indies about a dollar a barrel; and as their 2,811 strange appearance excited some curiosity among 7,078 our amateur florists, a slight advance in price was The Natchez Free Trader of the 9th inst. states resolved upon by the holders. By a flourishing dethat Messrs. Drane and Dinkins, citizens of Can-scription and the name of Spanish lilly, and a glowton, Madison county, Mississippi, both gentlemen ing description of colors, yellow tipped with scarof high respectability, fought a few days ago near that place with double-barrelled shot guns, and were both killed. Health of the cities. The number of deaths in New York last week was 199. Of these, 126 were under the age of five years; by cholera infantum, 33; consumption, 27; convulsions, 17. In Philadelphia, last week, there were 163 deaths, of which 94 were children under two years of age, 15 were by consumption; 6 by appoplexy. In Baltimore, it will be seen by the bill of mor. tality, there were 71 deaths last week; of which 41 were children under two years of age.-Baltimore Repul·lican. King Philip. This distinguished brave of the Seminole tribe, we learn from the New Orleans Mr. Chairman, under the separation of the banks True American, expired on board of the steamboat and the government, proposed to be effected by the Liverpool, on his way to Arkansas. At forty miles bill under examination, "a regular statement and ac- beiow Fort Gibson, the two boats containing the count of the receipts and expenditures of all public emigrating party, were brought into the shore, the money" will be practicable. All the artificial con-yards manned, and the body of King Philip taken clusions and legal constructions of former systems, out and buried with the honors of war. One hunwhich, in most cases, were confused and unintelli- dred guns were fired over his grave, and the Ingible to the mass, will be avoided. A plain system dians, under lieutenant Reynolds, commanding the of accounts, so anxiously desired by Mr. Jefferson, party, permitted to attend the funeral, appeared to will be introduced, and the object of the constitution be much moved at the loss they had sustaínod. fulfilled in requiring a publication from time to time, of the account current of the treasury. The Longworth's new directory of New York, congreat body of tax-payers will see and understand tains upwards of 37,000 names, of which nearly the whole operation of the treasury. 10,000 are not included in the preceding volume. The strict inhibition against employing The number of changes and alterations exceed 11,000. tion of the revenue in trade or business, wi will emove let, crimson with white stripes, &c. they were ea sily worked off at two shillings a piece, and care fully transferred to sundry gardens and pots about town, many owners no doubt waiting for the expiration of the four weeks, at which time they are to bloom. At any rate they can raise their own squills, and will have a curious white flower, [N. Y. Amer. though nothing very gorgeous. The A heavy fall of rain was experienced in the city of New York on Thursday night the 26th ult. During the gust, St. Bartholomew's church, in Lafayette square, was struck by lightning. lightning struck the steeple, which was shattered to pieces, and the fluid descended, and went out at the clock. A gentleman who saw it strike says it exploded like a rocket, and must have set fire to the building had it not rained so very severely. Mr. William Bromwell was brought to Baltimore on Tuesday, from New York, where he had arrived from Mobile, in the charge of officers despatched thither, and was committed to prison, to take his trial for forgery. Baron de Talleyrand, former perfect and plenipotentiary minister of France in Denmark, has been raised to the dignity of Peer, by a royal ordinance dated the 16th June. Moral effects of marriage. The statistics of the eastern penitentiary of Pennsylvania, are curions in the great inequality, which they exhibit between married and unmarried convicts. Of the one hundred and sixty prisoners received the last year, one hundred and ten were unmarried. Six were widowers, and forty-five only were married. I have never seen a stronger illustration of the moral influence of marriage. By the upsetting of a schooner in Chester river, near Love Point, of sixteen persons on board, seven were drowned. Mrs. Richardson and her three daughters, of Kent island, capt. Denny, and a colored man and woman. The rest were saved by clinging to the vessel. A curiosity. We have on our table the head of a The Pulaski. The following extract from a pipe taken yesterday from the ground on the bank letter written by Dr. Sharpe to the hon. James Buof Wheeling creek, in front of the dwelling of Wil-chanan, has been sent us for publication. The liam Chaiplaine, esq., where excavation for a street gentleman alluded is Dr. George W. Evans, of the is now going on, which is the greatest curiosity of United States navy-a native of Morgantown inthe kind we have ever seen. It is evidently of In this county, and well known to many of our citi dian manufacture, and we think, a petrifaction of zens. We understand that his friends bad for soine wood, by the strong resemblance of the grain to it. time past expected his arrival at home, but from It is mine inches in length and weighs three pounds, this letter as well as other circumstances have now The hollow bowl is very small for the size of the given up all hope. [Berks Journal. labor, as also was the perforation for the stern. The pipe and was evidently made with a great deal ot United States navy yard, near Pensacola, whole forms a perfect representation of a duck June 25th 1833. Sir: Your friend Dr. Evans of the navy left this swimining, and is distinctly marked with the beak, curve of the neck, wings and tail, as also the shad-place on the 6th inst., in company with judge Cameing of the breast. The stein inust have been of ron and judge Rochester, and I am extremely apThe following important fact has been published cane or elder, and long enough to rest the bowl on prehensive that he is one of the victims of the late by the consignees of the Royal William steamer: the ground, as it never could have been used in any disaster of the Pulaski, as I see the name of Evans "The Royal William belongs to the city of Dub-other way except by the mouth of one of Gulliver's lin company, established in 183, to run steamers sixty feet gentlemen. It can be seen, for the prebetween Liverpool, Dublin and Belfast. They sent, by the curious, at our office. [Wheeling Times. have a fleet of 17 vessels employed in the Irish Channel, which make annually above 1,000 High pay for lectures. During the last month the voyages, and from the peculiar care used in their Rev. Dr. Chalmers of Edinburg, delivered in Lonconstruction, and from their almost daily inspec-don a series of lectures, for which according to a tion, not an accident has occured to endanger life statement in the Edinburg Chronicle, he receives during a period of 14 years." from the Christian Influence Society the sum of From the Far West. The steamboat Antelope, FIFTY POUNDS for each lecture. The lecturer's belonging to the American fur conpany, arrived theory of a church establishment rocognizes, not The amount paid was $27,965 14, which was done among the list, and can but think that he is the person, although no title is given. He would hardly have parted company with them as he remained several days to avail himself of their society on his journey. Oneida Indians Isaac Denniston, esq. agent for this state, returned a few days since from Green Bay, Wisconsin territory, where he distributed among the Oneida Indians the money payable to them as annui. ties under the various treaties from 1738 to 1824. in a way entirely satisfactory to the Indians. The lars, adds: Albany Argus, from which we gather these particu at the wharf yesterday, from the mouth of the Yel- only a legal provision for the clergy, but the territolow Stone. She brings about a thousand packs, under the superintendence of its own clergyman rial distribution of the people into parishes, each chiefly Buffalo robes. The most valuable furs are His scheme proposes that the whole country should on their way down in Mackanaw boats, and will be parceled out into parishes, each containing not of years, and has assisted in making most of the "Mr. D. has been Indian agent for a great number probably be here in a few weeks. The Antelope reports the river as unusually low; she was detain-more than a population of 2000-and that the cler-treaties between the state government and the gyman of each should fill his church out of his own several tribes of Indians within its borders, and ed nearly two weeks by reason of this. The agent of the company reports that the small parish, and reclaim every family and every individ-most of the annuities secured by these treaties have pox had ceased its ravages amongst the Sioux, but ual committed to his care to the habits of regular been paid through him, amounting annually to church going. was still raging amongst the Indians higher up the Canal tolls, &c. The tolls collected on the New York state canals for the third week in July 1837 and 1833, were as follows: In 1837 In 1833 $33,908 14 Increase $1,989 58 or nearly 15 per cent. The flour and wheat arriving in the Hudson river via the canals for the same periods, is as fol lows: The merchandize shipped at Albany and West Increase 2,776,800 pounds about fifteen thousand dollars. And it is worthy The grand jury of the U. S. circuit court, sitting of remark that the duties of Mr. Denniston's agency New York, have refused to find a bill against the have been conducted with such care and fidelity as officers and crew of the American sealing schooner not only to meet the approbation of the state goveru. Aana Howard, who were charged with the communis-ment, for a long series of years, but to protect him sion of a brutal murder of a number of Patagonians. from any complaints on the part of the Indians." The defence was, that the killing was perpetrated in self defence, the natives having inade an attack upon the seal vessel. arrived at New York in the short passage of From Valparaiso. By the ship Natchez, which sixty days, the editors of the Journal of Cominerce received the following: Lobby services. The New York Express says a gentleman of high standing in Albany lately presentValparaiso, May 10, 1838. ed a bill of $1000 to a widow lady for his influence This government has declared the port of Callao with the members of the legislature in procuring the in a state of blockade, and their fleet is now off passage of a law in her favor. And a judge of the that place. Another expedition is being prepared court of common pleas in New York has commenced here which will sail against Peru in the course of suit against 251 subscribers to the Coal Stock Com-about six weeks; it will consist of about five thonpany, for $1500 for lobby services. By a late decision, however, of judge Ulshoeffer, of New Jersey this lobby business is likely to be knocked in the head. He has decided against the legality of claims for lobby services. Fires in London. The total number of fires observed and reported by the police in 1836 was 240, exclusive of chimneys; in 1837 it was 229. Of These, 140 in the former year, and 50 in the latter, equal to 34 per cent. of the whole number, were A respectable gentleman of this city has request-extinguished by the police before the arrival of the ed us to state that almost immediate relief may be afforded to persons who imprudently drink too much cold water during the prevalence of hot weather, by administering fifteen drops of Spiritus Salis in about a wine glass full of any kind of spirituous liquor. The Spiritus Salis may be procured at any apothecary's shop. [Bull. Amer. Swimming. A sailor named Samuel Brown, we are informed, swain for a wager, from Smith's foundry in this place, to Fort Washington, a distance of nearly eight miles! He was accompanied by a boat, to see that all was fair. This feat was pertorined on Wednesday evening. [Alexandria Guzette. A novel salute. When gen. Washington, whilst president, visited the works of the Jaines river canal, the chief engineer caused the quarriers to charge some hundreds of blasts, which were exploded at Washington's approach. This internal navigation salute le pronounced the most gratifying he had ever heard: and, by the bye, he gave all the workmen a guinea a piece to drink his health. We have received the first number of a new Graham periodical, called the Johnny Cake. After a hasty examination of its contents, we have come [Boston Gazette. to the conclusion that it is slack-baked. Munificent donation. It is stated, that John Jacob Astor, of New York, has presented the sum of $350,000, for the purpose of establishing a public library in that city. engines. The estimated amount of loss, generally Wool in the U. S. The Vergennes, Vt. paper but in 1837, the average price was only 34 1-2 sand men. It is generally believed that they will land in the northern part of the province, unless some dissatisfaction takes place in the army of general Sata Cruz-we think the expedition will again be defeated. Buenos Ayres. A letter from Buenos Arres of the 24th May informs that the Buenos Ayrean minister to the United States was to leave in the Nile. The government had determined that they would never accede to the demands of the French, and the blockhade will of course be continued until the present chief shall be superseded, or the want and distress of the country oblige them to change their determination. The New Orleans Commercial Bulletin of July 28, says: "The hon. Anson Jones, minister pleni potentiary from Texas to the United States, arrived in our city yesterday, in the steamboat Columbia.” Charleston banks. The Charleston Patriot urges the banks of that city to resume specie payments simultaneously with those of Baltimore and Philadnlphia, on the 13th of August. The editor states that an arrangement to that effect can be made with the Georgia banks in sufficient time. The Army and Navy Chronicle states that lieutenant colonel Pierce declines the promotion and transfer to the 8th regiment of infantry, which had been bestowed upon him, preferring to remain in the artillery. The drought. As the train of cars was passing through Brandywine Hundred, Delaware, on Tuesday last, a spark from the locomotive fell in a stub-the health of that city to be over good. The New Orleans Picayune of the 27th. reports ble field, and a flame immediately flashed over the whole field, consuming the stubble and dead grass like tinder. Mr. Sully, the artist, is expected to arrive from England in the course of the present month, bringing with him his portrait of Victoria. Excellent. The Cincinnati insurance offices have agreed to an abatement of ten per cent. on the premiun due from steam boats conducted without intoxicating drink. The packet ship St. James arrived at New York No less than four new churches are now in pro- on Wednesday. She has no news. Among her gress in the borough of Alleghany, adjoing Pitts-passengers are several Bedouin Arabs, who have been burgh, and two others are in train of erection. perforining at Paris with much eclat. made to the sisters of charity at Boston,by Messrs. A donation of 1,500 yards of calico has been John McCarty and Edward Barr, of Providence Bank is $2,009,832.77, belonging to 13,015 deThe amount of deposites in the Boston Savings positors. Savings banks. in which the industrions and economicai inay find a safe place of deposite for their spare earnings, are among the most useful institutions of the day. It is stated in the last Charleston Mercury, that there are now about sixty stores and dwelling houses in progress of erection in the "burnt district," of that city. The ruins are said to be fast disappearing. The Royal Willlium steam-ship left New York on Saturday afternoon at 4 o'clock. She took out thirty-five cabin passengers and about six thousand letters. WASHINGTON CITY, AUGUST 11, 1838. THE PAST THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE. [VOL. LIV.-WHOLE NO. 1,402 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED, EVERY SATURDAY, BY WILLIAM OGDEN NILES, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, AT $5 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. | dinner, one-third or one-half sub treasury men. Mr. | Lasley and his daughter shot down, and the son Two young Preston spoke at large on the interesting topics of received a ball through the hand. His argument against the sub-trea- men succeeded in making their escape. The the times. sury system, (says the Mercury correspondent,) number of Indians was stated at fifty or sixty. was replete with his utmost powers of wit and sar- We think the number exaggerated. Governor Call has taken such measures as are NORTH CAROLINA. The elections for governor casm, yet by no means fair, just, or effective," &c. Mr. in his power to give defence to the frontier of Leand members of the state legislature, were held in &c. Much cheering attended his remarks. this state, in the counties of Franklin, Granville, Albert Rhett gave a toast in favor of the sub-trea-on and Gadsden counties, and if possible, prevent Warren, Nash, Edgecomb, Beaufort, Pitt, Wash-sury, which the writer said received cheering the Creeks from effecting their escape to the Semington, Hyde and Tyriell, on Thursday the 26th of quite as general as that given to Mr. Preston. Ainoles, as is no doubt their intention. Captain July: in the counties of Johnston, Wayne, Lenor, complimentary toast "in favor of Mr. Calhoun as Walker's company at Shell's point, has been orderCraven, Carteret, Jones and Greene, on the 2d a candidate for the presidency, was warmly and ed to scour the country on the line from the point A toast was given, to Mr. Alligood's plantation, about six miles from inst. and in all the other counties on the 9th inst. enthusiastically applauded. Thus far 19 friends of the administration and 16 declaring Mr. Van Buren and Mr. Clay unworthy this city. He has also called for a force from Gadsden, and it is probable that major Taylor's battalwhigs have been elected-and Mr. Dudley has re- the vote of the state. lion, now stationed on the Oscilla frontier, will ceived a considerable majority of votes over Mr. also go in pursuit of the Creeks. Branch. OFFICIAL. Notice. The money bequeathed by the late James Smithson, esq. of London, for found ing an institute in the city of Washington, amounting to about a half of a million of dollars, will, it is expected, be received during the present month. By an act passed July 7th, 1938, the undersigned is directed to invest the same "in stocks of states, bearing interest at the rate of not less than five per cent. per annum." He is now prepared to receive proposals from persons who have stocks of this description to dispose of. LEVI WOODBURY, secretary of the treasury. Treasury department, August 6, 1838. Our government has purchased from the Americans a steamer, to be manned, armed, and put in charge of lieutenant Duffie. She was coming down the Niagara river the other day to go into the Chippewa river, and owing to improper management, she pased the river, and was fast approach ing towards the Falls before she could be brought up by three anchors. Should they or the ropes give way, over the Falls she goes. They have sent to the Americans at Buffalo for assistance, which is thought will be very expensive before she gets to safe moorings. [Kingston Spectator, July 27. The staunch and swift steamboat Milwaukie has been chartered by the United States for the service of the government upon the waters of the upper lakes, in the place of the Erie. Lieutenant Homans is to command the Milwau. kie. The charge of the soldiers, &c. is to remain, however, as heretofore, under an army officer, and the vessel is to be subject to the requisitions and orders of the commanding officer on these frontiers. [Buffalo Journal. The writer says: "I have been greatly gratified to perceive that the general proceedings of the day manifested far less of the violent war spirit of the Telescope, and more of that of concession and reconciliation, than we had at first any reason to expect. I earnestly trust it will be met in a similar spirit-nay, I am sure it will; and that however we may differ from our old associates on principle, and honestly battle with them for the right, on that ground, we will ever be as ready to remember the old and affectionate ties which bound us with them to our beloved state as their own bearing and deportment will possibly admit. Our principles we cannot compromise, but in battling for them we will not war on persons, except in self defence, and desire to forget their personal errors, in the grateful remembrance that they "have done the state some service." GEN. HAYNE. The Washington Chronicle of Tuesday evening says: "Gen. Robert Y. Hayne passed through this city yesterday on his way to the north, where he purposes to pass a short time in examining the latest improvements in the construction of railroads, &c. He will, we understand, return through the upper part of Virginia, with the view of examining the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, and thence proceed to the meeting of the directors of the Charleston and Louisville railroad, of which he is president, to be held on the 27th instant, in Lexington, Kentucky." BARBECUE TO MR. PRESTON. A great barbecue was given to Messrs. Preston and Elmore, near Columbia, S. C., on the 27th ult., to which Mr. Calhoun and the other representatives of the state were invited. We learn from the pondent of the Mercury, that only Mr. was present. We learn also from the that six or eight hundred gentlemen VOL. IV. SIG. 24. corres 66 INDIAN AFFAIRS. The Cherokees. Extract of a letter from major general Winfield Scott, to the adjutant general of the army, dated head quarters, eastern division, Cherokee agency, July 23, 1838. It is, I learn, reported throughout this country, that the Indians collected in camps for emigration are sickly and dying in great numbers. I mention this report to contradict it. The Indians are, very generally, in excellent health, and so are the troops. Please cause this to be officially announced." -- Murders in Georgia. The Darien Telegraph of the 31st ult. contains the following: The governor received, by express, early yesterday morning, information from major Taylor, that his command would be dicharged from the service by major Dearborn; in which event they have been ordered by the governor to report to him at this place, when they will be employed against the Creeks. It is probable that colonel Green, of the sixth regiment, recently arrived from Green Bay, will receive the troops into the service of the Uni. ted States. Colonel Green is charged with the command of the defence of Middle Florida, and is a highly efficient officer. At all events we are assured that the frontier will be defended, and protection given our citizens, if not by the United States authorities, at least by the territorial. BANKS, CURRENCY, &c. Money affairs in Philadelphia. The New York Courier and Enquirer, of Thursday, says: "We learn from Philadelphia, that in consequence of the approaching resumption of specie payments, several of the banks of that city had seen the necessity of a speedy contraction, and had already commenced a curtailment of their accommodations, and that money was for this cause, becoming sensibly scarce, and the rate of discount proportionately advancing. This scarcity of money no doubt will continue to increase, as the banks of Philadelphia must do after the resumption, what the banks of New York did before they resumed, viz-contract their money accommodation, as much as possible; the inconvenience however will no doubt be merely temporary, and has been all along foreseen." Dear Sir: I have just learned from an authentic source, of the murder of two families in Ware county by the Indians. Mr. Wilde and family The Pennsylvanian of yesterday, says-We unwere murdered on the 17th inst., and Mr. John Davis and family on the 24th, not more than twen-derstand that the notes of the Philadelphia banks are now received in payment of duties at our custy or twenty-five miles from Waynesville. Mr. Davis is, I believe, well known, having tom house-satisfactory proof having been furnished the collector by the officers of the bank, that formerly been a member of the legislature. These murders were perpetrated by five Indians, notes and checks on this institution are redeemed in specie. whose trail was followed by the neighbors into the Okefenokee swamp, where they found the trails so large, and indicating the vicinity of so many Indians, that they were obliged to return. They estimate that there are as many as four or five Great excitement prehundred in the swamp. vails in Ware and Camden on the subject of these murders, and from Waynesville an express has been despatched to obtain particular information; and a meeting of the citizens is to be held to-morrow, to take such measures as the urgency of the case may require. I write this in the greatest haste, thinking it may possibly-in the absence of more particular and recent intelligence than has been received here-be of service to you. Yours, &c., C. M'Ardell, esq. L. LYMAN. Resumption of the Ohio banks. The Columbia (Ohio) Journal of the 3d instant has the following annunciation of the contemplated resumption of specie payments by the Ohio banks on the 13th instant-the day on which the banks in the Atlantic states have agreed to resume. It will be seen by the following circular, that Monday, the 13th instant, is the day agreed upon for the general resumption of specie payments by the banks of Ohio. The duty of laying this circular before our readers is the most gratifying we have performed this many a day. Columbus, August 2, 1838. At the convention of the banks of Ohio, held in this city on the sixth and seventh days of June last, the following resolution was adopted. "Resolved, That in case the banks of Philadelphia and Baltimore do not resume on or before the Murders in Florida. The Tallahassee Floridian fourth day of July next, then Messrs. J. Creed, R. of the 28th ult. says: On Wednesday morning W. McCoy, and Wm. Niel, be and they are hereby last, two more of our citizens fell victims to savage appointed a committee to fix the day, and give inbarbarity. A Mr. Lasley, residing about fifteen formation to each of the banks, so soon as it shall or twenty miles from Tallahassee, on the Ocloc-be known that said banks of Philadelphia and Balknee river, when returning to his work from break- timore have resumed, after said fourth of July. Believing that the banks of Massachusetts, Rhode fast, discovered a number of Indians on his plantation. He, with his son, retreated to the house, Island, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Kenfollowed by the Indians, but succeeded in defend- tucky and Baltimore will, under a resolution adopting his dwelling till about 1 o'clock, when the ed at a convention of banks held at Philadelphia on savages retired a short distance in the woods. the twenty-third ultimo, resume the payment of Preston Supposing it safe to retreat, the family left the their bills in specie on the thirteenth of August source, house, but had proceeded only a short distance inst.; and believing that sound policy requires of Ided the l when they were overtaken by the Indians, Mr. the Ohio banks to resume simultaneously with same atten VERY LATE FROM EUROPE. The Great Western is back again, improving up- Again and again we express our rejoicing at the Monday night, about 10 minutes before 12 o'clock, he was passing through the picture gallery and found the defendant, who was attired in the meanest mauner, seated upon a chair, within seven yards of the royal bed room. It appeared that her majesty had only retired to rest about 10 minutes previously, and that the defendant had obtained entrance by mixing with the servants of the foreign ambassadors, who had been invited to an entertainment after the review in Hyde park. Police sergeant styled himself captain Flower, of the 13th Light Cook, of the B. division, stated, that the man, who Dragoons, was most obstreperous upon being taken into custody. It required the aid of two policemen and two of the rifle brigade to convey him to the station house, and even then it was necessary to strap his legs and arms. He said that his intentions towards the queen were highly honorable. Defendant.-And so they are. It was entirely by mistake that I wandered into the picture gallery, The crops were moderately promising in Great nor did I know that her majesty's bed room was so Britain, and the weather generally fine. closely adjacent. I came to speak to lady Mary The Great Western steam ship company have Stopford. Mr. Randall stated that the man bad taken steps to increase its capital from 250,000l. tried several gates of the palace before he managed to 1,000,000l. They have contracted for the im- to gain access to the picture gallery. Had he enmediate building of three large and splendid steam-tered ten minutes sooner, the queen would have ships, to run between Cork and New York, in con- been passing to her bed room. Defendant, who is junction with the British Queen; they are to be evidently a lunatic, was ordered to find sureties to christened President, Great Britain, and United keep the peace for the future; in default, he was States. The keel of the President has been al-sent to the Tothill-fields house of correction. ready laid; she is to measure 2,028 tons. man is of a respectable family, and has for many years been connected in the jewelry line with one of the first firms in London. [London Paper. Of political or other news, there is really not much of interest. The parliamentary news is of a very unimpor tant character. The Irish municipal reform bill, notwithstanding the arrangement entered into by the leader of the conservative party with the ministers, has been nullified by the cutting out of the most important provision. On the 12th of July, on the several clauses being discussed in committee, lord Lindhurst moved that the qualification to vote, be raised from 51. to 10l., when the radicals were left in a fearful minority. The Irish poor law bill was carried by a majority of 62. The a grand entertainment to the foreign ambassadors The mayor and corporation of London had given and other strangers. All the great political men, without distinction of party, were present. Among the foreigners we notice the name of Mr. John Van Buren. It is stated in the London Globe of the 20th ult. that Mr. Rush, of the United States, had sailed, two days previously, for home, in the Mediator, having succeeded in the objects of his mission. Another discussion had taken place respecting the power of lord Durham to dissolve the old exHis excellency Mr. Throop, minister of the ecutive council in Canada. The motion ended United States to Naples, captain Perry, U. S. nalike all its predecessors, in the ministers declaring that time must be allowed for the governor general Vy, and Mr. McCauley have been presented to the ripened into a general pacification of the two pro-H. B. Livingston, attachee of the American lega. to develope the fruits of his policy, which, if it queen. The levee was attended by Mr. Benjamin Rush, secretary, R. Vaux, private secretary, and vinces, the nation would have reason to be satisfied with, notwithstanding the appointments he had made since the reins of government had been entrusted to his hands. The conservatives are terri paying the government pensions, and that business 66 66 b. n. w. 122 commons. said, in the course of the debate, that under the new administration, Canada would have the singuA portion and a very large portion, of the mer-lar fortune of possessing, among its principal officantile community, too, will learn with regret, that there are some embarrassments in the establishmented by parliament on the complaint of their wives. cers of government, the only two men ever divorcof a branch of the United States Bank in this city. We have it from what we deem good authority, debt, from the lords, has been twice read in the The bill for the abolition of imprisonment for that threats have been thrown out from persons in high authority, that if a branch is established here, Great Britain will have the honor of measures will be immediately taken to put an in-going ahead of the federal government of the Unijunction on the bank. This threat has had the effect ted States in this great step of civilization. for the present, as we are informed, to cause a sus. In the course of a discussion on the international pension of the intended location of a bank. Whatever unkind feeling there may be lingering in the bosom of political adversaries towards that institu tion, there is none among inen of business; all, ALL are in favor of permitting any man whatever on this side, or the other side of the water, to bring his capital here and employ it in banking or any other lawful pursuit. If there is no method by which the bank can bring their capital here in open day, we trust it will be brought here and employed through indirect channels. Copy-right bill, it was proposed to put in a proviso It was generally stated about the house that the been known to have sojourned in the metropolis, Since the year 1814, so many visiters had not Grand reviews of the Household troops had taas during the fortnight of the coronation. The number of letters brought by the Great Wes-! At the former place it was computed that more ken place in Hyde Park and Woolwich Common. tern, is astonishingly great; all our merchants have than 100,000 spectators were present. The intheir correspondence from all parts of the continent spection, with the sham fight that followed, occuas well as England, to a very late period. They pied four hours. generally speak of the great abundance of unem- lion after the queen and her staff of Amazonian Marshal Soult was the chief ployed capital in the principal cities of Europe, but aids de camp. Several accidents happened in the particularly in London. Although there is no change of any importance in American funds, yet seers broke down and precipitated fourteen persons course of the day. A tree overloaded with sightthere is a growing desire to invest, and securities from this side, from the fact that they can give a ground, and they were sent home in coaches. One to the ground. A surgeon bled the sufferers on the greater interest, meet with great favour. United States Bank stock is the great favorite. That in-man fell from the roof of a house 70 feet high and stitution has so long paid their dividends of 7 and 8 was killed. A private of the lancers was unhorsed per cent. per annum, that it has become as regular during a charge, and rode over by the squadron in for an English capitalist to get his dividend, on this stock, as on that of the Bank of England. It is this, and probably this alone, that has caused it to be as great a favorite as it is in the London market. The Philadelphia U. S. Gazette of Tuesday says. We learn by letter from London, that it is proposed to form a stock company for the purpose of establishing a line of Steam Packets to ply between Lonand Philadelphia. Shall we have no share in the matter? the rear. It was expected he would recover. tion. Madame Vestris had an immense parting benefit at Covent Garden, preliminary to her starting for New York. The receipts are estimated at £600 or 700. The British Queen. This stupendous steam ship, commanded by captain Roberts, formerly of the dock, where she is to receive her machinery. The Sirius, arrived at Port Glasgow, and has gone into by the Vulture steamer. Betwixt these places she Queen was towed to Plymouth, from Gravesend, had foul winds. At Plymouth the Vulture left, and the Queen then came round by the Land's End herself in fine style, carrying all sail, and beating every vessel in her way, especially a French brig, which attempted to compete with her for some time. Having arrived at the tail of the bank early on Saturday morning, she was towed into the wet dock at eleven by the Sampson steamer, the top of whose funnel, it was observed, just reached the top of the Queen's paddle box. It is thought she will not be ready to sail as early as announced, and that the Tiger will take her place. The steam ship Sirius, lieutenant Moule, hence, conflagration. Two o'clock. No alteration in the quotations for stock has occurred in either market since our first report. Scrip of the Belgian new loan is at 2 1-2 premium. Four o'clock. Consols for the account closed at 94 3-8. FRANCE. From the London Courier. Paris, July 18. arisen between France and Switzerland. The It appears that another misunderstanding has French government demand the expulsion of Louis Bonaparte, whose intrigues give serious annoyance to Louis Philippe, and menace Switzerland in case of a refusal. The latter power pleads its inability to accede to the demand, Louis Bonaparte being |