devoted to snipe-shooting and fancy farming. In all England there are no finer prize-pigs than those bred and fed at Sandringham.

The prince said that it had been the "dream of his life to visit India;" but Mr. Russell assures us that he "had been in constant participation in functions of state importance or of a national character at home;" that "never, with the exception of the prince-regent, had an heir-apparent been so much before the public eye, and never had any prince of the blood in direct succession to the throne been intrusted in the lifetime of the reigning sovereign with so large a part of the functions of sovereignty;" and that he was, "owing to circumstances of which no one questioned the force, in such a position that it seemed scarcely possible that his absence from the country for half a year or more would not be attended with serious inconveniences." But when, early in 1875, the project of a visit to India was formally announced, nobody seems to have thought that the country would suffer from the want of his presence. The only question seems to have been as to who should pay the cost. The government at first decided that the expenses should be charged to the revenues of India; but it was afterward resolved that India should pay only for what was actually expended there by the Indian authorities. This, as estimated, would amount to some thirty thousand pounds. The Admiralty put down the expenses of the voyage out and back at fifty-two thousand pounds, including the necessary movements of the fleet. For the personal expenses, including the cost of presents to native chiefs, government asked and obtained a grant of sixty thousand pounds—this, we understand, not to include the thirty thousand to be charged to India. So that, all told, something less than three-quarters of a million dollars was appropriated for the visit. People wise in such matters were confident that the Chancellor of the Exchequer would in the end have to ask for four or five times as much. But, as it happened, when the bills were all paid, there was some money left, which the prince was allowed to keep for himself.

Last, and for our purpose most important of all, were Mr. William Howard Russell, whose preeminent ability in describing pageants and the like secured for him the appointment of honorary private secretary to his royal highness, with the duty of duly recording the events of the visit; and Mr. Sydney Hall," whose sympathetic and skillful, pencil had gained him high reputation, received a commission to sketch the incidents of the tour." Mr. Russell tells us that his book is "a journal or diary kept from day to day, in which the Prince of Wales is the central figure round which all the things, persons, and events mentioned in it revolve ;" and he does his best to preserve the grave dignity befitting his official functions. Mr. Hall also makes the prince prominent in almost every one of his seventy sketchHe presents him in all sorts of dress and accoutrements. We have his plump figure in the full uniform of a British field-marshal; in mufti, or civilian garb; in Derby hat, cigar in mouth, mounted on a goat-like donkey in the streets of Cairo; in shootingdress, trudging through swamps, or mounted on an elephant beating the jungles in search of tigers; with bare arms and unbraced trousers playing at lawntennis on the deck of the Serapis, with the thermometer verging upon 90°; and, finally, like a good paterfamilias, greeting the pretty princess and their five nice children, who look half scared at a snarling young tiger-cat and other lovely pets which he has brought home from India.

es.

The general outline of the long voyage is briefly this: The royal party left London October 11, 1875, hurried overland through France and Italy, reaching Brindisi, at the heel of the Italian boot, in four or five days. Here they embarked on the royal steamer Serapis, screwed down the Mediterranean to the Suez Canal, stopping by the way at Athens to make a rather hasty call upon the King of Greece, who was "delighted with the presents brought to him, consisting of a steam-launch, an Alderney bull and cow, a ram and a sheep, and a few fine specimens of the British pig, which came from Sandringham." From Suez the Serapis and her smaller consort the Osborne steamed down the Red Sea, past Aden, and shot across the Indian Ocean to the island-city of Bombay, which was reached November 8th. Here they were welcomed by Lord Northbrooke, the viceroy; and the imposing ceremonies of the visit to India began.

Almost the first thing was the formal reception of the native princes whose quasi-independent dominions lie within the bounds of the Presidency of Bombay. All things had been prearranged according to the nicest rules of Oriental etiquette. Each prince was to be saluted by a certain number of guns according to his supposed rank, twenty-one being the highest, and so on down to the "seven-gun men." The prince was to receive each at a certain point on the carpet of state, and at the close of the interview to conduct him back to a prescribed point, and no farther. We quote, with much abridgment, the narrative of the most notable of these receptions. First came his highness Sewajee Chutraputtee Maharaj,

"A little before 10 A. M. the guns began fo fire a salute, and, before we could count the nineteen coups to which his highness is entitled, the raja drove up, with a great flourish, in a grand carriage, drawn by four horses, with servants in liveries of blue and silver, and a magnificent fan-bearer behind wielding a blazing machine, to keep the sun away. He was received as per programme, led up the steps into the hall, up the grand staircase, then into the corridors, and so conducted to the entrance of the throne-room. The prince, who had risen, advanced down the carpet to meet him. At the edge he stretched forth his hand, and took that of the raja, whom he drew toward him kindly. After him trooped the sirdars, each holding his sword by the sheath, which has neither straps, buckle, nor slings. A few phrases of courtesy were exchanged between the shahzadah and the raja, who is an

THE PRINCE AT CAIRO.

adopted son of the last prince, who died six years ago. He is a boy of twelve, and was attired in purple velvet and white muslin, and was incrusted with gems. His turban was a wealth of pearls and rubies; his neck like an array of show-cases of a great jeweler. He looks as though he would be the better for a course of cricketing. The state which is ruled in his name contains upward of three thousand square miles, and more than eight hundred thousand people, and has a revenue of 3,047,243 rupees.1 The face of the raja wore an expression of pleased surprise as his royal highness, coming to the regulation spot on the carpet, took his little hand and led him opposite to the silver chair, where he left him with a bow, and sat down. Soon the sirdars, in turn, advanced to the foot of the throne, salaaming low, and pre

1 A rupee is equivalent to about fifty cents; one hundred thousand rupees is a lac.

sented to the prince a handkerchief containing gold mohurs. The prince touched this with his right hand and remitted, and the sirdar walked backward to his seat. Then the prince, taking a gold and jeweled scent-bottle, shook a few drops of perfume (uttur) on the raja's pocket-handkerchief, and from another rich casket took betelnut (pán) wrapped in fresh, green leaf covered with goldfoil, which he placed in the raja's hand, Major Henderson, as per programme, doing the same for the sirdars. The interview was at an end, and the prince led his highness to the sacred verge of the carpet, and thence he was conducted to the entrance, where he vanished, with his face still turned to the throne."

How much of the revenue of this little raja is appropriated by the British is not told by Mr. Rus

sell. Next after him came Chamrajenda Wadia, Maharaja of Mysore, a prince of higher rank, and entitled to a salute of twentyone guns. He was an intelligent youth of thirteen, who was adopted by the last maharaja at the age of seven, and six months afterward was conditionally recognized by the British; he was "installed on the throne, and was placed in the charge of most careful and laborious officers, while the affairs of his illgoverned state were retained in the hands of the British Government, to be handed over to him when he is eighteen years old, if he shall then be found qualified for the discharge of the duties of his exalted position, subject to such conditions as may be determined at the time." This lad, whose state contains a population of more than five millions, with a revenue of ten million eight hundred and twenty thousand rupees, of which more than a quarter is appropriated as tribute by the British Government, was gorgeous to behold. "The jewels which literally hung upon him must be of enormous value. One stone of the many of his necklace is said to be worth nine lacs of rupees. His neck, wrists, arms, and ankles, were encircled with strings of pearls, diamonds, and rubies. His turban was graced with an aigret of brilliants of large size, and a large tuft of strings of big pearls and emeralds hung down on his shoulder from the top."

Next came the nineteen-gun Máhárána of Oodeypoor, "a young man not of age, of the highest race in India. He boasts of the oldest pedigree in the world, looks a gentleman all over,' speaks English, is tall, good-looking, and very fair-of a fairer hue than the average Europeans of the South. . . . "what can he do at the best? But," asks Mr. Russell, What career is open to him? He rules, but does not govern; and, unless some change be introduced into the system, the instruction given to the native princes in English and other learning will prove not only mischievous but disastrous." He was clad all in white, but on his head-dress was an aigret of magnificent diamonds, some great pearls and rubies on his arms and neck; his gold sash was ornamented with a buckle set with the finest brilliants; and his sword-hilt and sheath were richly studded with pre