The Theory of Strains in Girders and Similar Stuctures with Observations on the Application of Theory to Practice and Tables of the Strength and Other Properties of Materials, Volumen2Longmans, Green, and Company, 1869 |
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Otras ediciones - Ver todas
Términos y frases comunes
Blaenavon Boyne Viaduct breaking strain breaking weight cast cast-iron centre span chain clenches coefficient compression bracing compression flange cross-bracing cross-girders crushing strength Crushing Weight Cwts deflection depth diagonals diameter Ditto elasticity end pillars engine equal exceed experiments feet long flat flexure fracture Hodgkinson horizontal hot blast inch round inch-strains due increased Increment of Length joint large girders lattice bridge lattice girder less long pillars Low Moor main girders material nearly passing load permanent bridge-load permanent load Portland cement pressure proportion railway resist rivet holes Road girders Rolled bars Roman cement running foot say th sectional area shearing side spans specimens square foot square inch steel stone Strength of Materials Tearing Strain tensile strain tensile strength tension bracing tension flange Theoretic tension thickness timber tons compression tons per square tons tension Trailing Wheels Trans transverse Tubular Bridges unit-strain vertical wheels wire wrought-iron
Pasajes populares
Página 193 - A long, uniform, cast-iron pillar, with its ends firmly fixed, whether by means of discs or otherwise, has the same power to resist breaking as a pillar of the same diameter, and half the length, with the ends rounded or turned so that the force would pass through the axis.
Página 239 - The contraction of area at fracture of specimens of steel must be ascertained as well as in those of iron. 15 The breaking strain, jointly with the contraction of area, affords the means of comparing the peculiarities in various lots of specimens.
Página 219 - ... occurred in vertical planes, splitting up the specimen in all directions ; cracks were noticed to form some time before the specimen finally gave way ; then these rapidly increased in number, splitting the glass into innumerable irregular prisms of the same height as the cube ; finally, these bent or broke, and the pressure, no longer bedded on a firm surface, destroyed the specimen.
Página 192 - 1st. In all long pillars of the same dimensions, the resistance to crushing by flexure is about three times greater when the ends of the pillars are flat, than when they are rounded.
Página 241 - In screwed bolts the breaking strain is found to be greater when old dies are used in their formation than when the dies are new, owing to the iron becoming harder by the greater pressure required in forming the screw thread when the dies are old and blunt, than when new and sharp.
Página 241 - A great variation exists in the strength of iron bars which have been cut and welded ; whilst some bear almost as much as the uncut bar, the strength of others is reduced fully a third.
Página 284 - ... for copper plates. Multiply the constant number by the given diameter in inches, and by the thickness in inches ; the product is the pressure in pounds, which will be required to punch a hole of a given diameter, through a plate of a given thickness. It was observed that, duration of pressure lessened considerably the ultimate force necessary to punch through metal, and that the use of oil on the punch reduced the pressure about eight per cent. A drawing of the experimental lever and apparatus...
Página 241 - ... 43. Iron highly heated and suddenly cooled in water is hardened, and the breaking strain, when gradually applied, increased, but at the same time it is rendered more liable to snap. 44. Iron, like steel, is softened, and the breaking strain reduced, by being heated and allowed to cool slowly. 45. Iron subjected to the cold-rolling process has its breaking strain greatly increased by being made extremely hard, and not by being " consolidated,
Página 346 - ... of the weight which would break the beam when laid on at rest in the centre. That, as it has appeared that the effect of velocity communicated to a load is to increase the deflection that it would produce if set at rest upon the bridge ; also, that the dynamical increase in bridges of less than...
Página 242 - ... increased. 64. The density of iron is decreased by being drawn out under a tensile strain, instead of increased, as believed by some. 65. The most highly converted steel does not, as some may suppose, possess the greatest density. 66. In cast-steel the density is much greater than in puddled-steel, which is even less than in some of the superior descriptions of wrought-iron. The foregoing extracts afford the reader but a meagre idea of Mr.