III DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Director, JAMES BROWN SCOTT. Office, 2 Jackson Place, Washington, D. C. Telephone, Main 3428. Cable, Interpax, Washington. General Adviser to the Division of International Law L'INSTITUT DE DROIT INTERNATIONAL Through a Special Consultative Committee Elected for this Purpose GRAM, GREGERS W. W., Norway, Statesman and publicist; Governor of Hamar; member of the Permanent Court of HAGERUP, FRANCIS, Norway, Statesman and diplomatist; Minister of State; Norwegian Minister to Denmark and Holland; member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; member of the Nobel Committee of the Norwegian Parliament; formerly President of the Institute of International Law; formerly Professor of Law at the University of Christiania; formerly Prime Minister of Norway; arbiter in international controversies. HOLLAND, THOMAS ERSKINE, Great Britain, Publicist, educator and author; formerly President of the Institute of International Law; formerly Chichele Professor of International Law and Diplomacy in the University of Oxford; delegate to the Geneva Red Cross Conference of 1906. LAMMASCH, HEINRICH, Austria, Publicist; Professor of International Law in the University of Vienna; member of the House of Peers of the Austrian Parliament; member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague and arbiter from 1902 in cases tried before the Court; member of the Institute of International Law; Austro-Hungarian delegate to the First and Second Hague Conferences. LARDY, CHARLES ÉDOUARD, Switzerland, Diplomatist; member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; Minister of Switzerland to France; formerly President of the Institute of International Law; arbiter in international controversies. RENAULT, LOUIS, France, Publicist, educator and author; Professor of International Law in the University of Paris; Professor of International Law in the Ecole libre des sciences politiques: Jurisconsult in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; delegate to the First and Second Hague Conferences, to the Geneva Red Cross Conference (1906), to the London Naval Conference (1908-9); formerly President of the Institute of International Law; arbiter in international controversies. ROLIN, ALBÉRIC, Belgium, Publicist, educator and author; Secretary-General of the Institute of International VESNITCH, MILENKO R., Serbia, Diplomatist; Serbian Minister to France and Belgium; member of the Permanent Bibliothèque Internationale du Droit des Gens Director, A. G. de Lapradelle, 2 rue Lecourbe, Paris, France. ESTABLISHED WITH THE COÖPERATION OF THE CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR Members of the Curatorium ALVAREZ, ALEJANDRO, Chile, Formerly Counselor to the Legations of Chile in Europe; member of the Permanent DESCAMPS, BARON, Belgium, Senator; Professor at the University of Louvain; member of the Permanent Court Goos, CARL, Denmark, Privy Councilor; formerly Minister of Justice; honorary member of the Institute of HAGERUP, FRANCIS, Norway, Minister of State; Norwegian Minister to Denmark and Holland; member of the HEEMSKERK, TH., The Netherlands, President of the State Commission for Private International Law; member of the LARDY, CHARLES ÉDOUARD, Switzerland, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; Minister of Switzerland to France; formerly President of the Institute of International Law; arbiter in international controversies. REAY, LORD, Great Britain, Member of the House of Lords; delegate to the Second Hague Peace Conference; formerly Governor of Bombay; formerly President of the Institute of International Law; formerly President of the British Academy. RENAULT, LOUIS, France, Professor of International Law in the University of Paris; Professor of International Law, in the Ecole libre des sciences politiques; Jurisconsult in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; delegate to the First and Second Hague Peace Conferences, to the Geneva Red Cross Conference (1906), to the London Naval Conference (1908–1909); formerly President of the Institute of International Law; arbiter in international controversies. SCOTT, JAMES BROWN, United States, Secretary of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Director of its Division of International Law; member of the Institute of International Law; President of the American Institute of International Law; Editor-in-Chief of the American Journal of International Law; technical delegate to the Second Hague Peace Conference; counsel in the North Atlantic Coast Fisheries Arbitration at The Hague; formerly solicitor for the Department of State; Special Adviser to the Department of State in matters arising out of the European war, 1914; Chairman of the United States Joint State and Navy Neutrality Board, 1914–1917. TAUBE, BARON MICHEL DE, Russia, Counselor to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Professor of International Law in the University of Petrograd; member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; delegate to the London Naval Conference; associate of the Institute of International Law. MR. CARNEGIE'S LETTER TO THE TRUSTEES DECEMBER 14, 1910. GENTLEMEN: I hav transferd to you as Trustees of the Carnegie Peace Fund, Ten Million Dollars of Five Per Cent. First Mortgage Bonds, the revenue of which is to be administerd by you to hasten the abolition of international war, the foulest blot upon our civilization. Altho we no longer eat our fellowmen nor torture prisoners, nor sack cities killing their inhabitants, we still kill each other in war like barbarians. Only wild beasts are excusable for doing that in this, the Twentieth Century of the Christian era, for the crime of war is inherent, since it decides not in favor of the right, but always of the strong. The nation is criminal which refuses arbitration and drives its adversary to a tribunal which knows nothing of righteous judgment. I believ that the shortest and easiest path to peace lies in adopting President Taft's platform, who said in his address before the Peace and Arbitration Society, New York, March 22, 1910: "I hav noticed exceptions in our arbitration treaties, as to reference of questions of national honor to courts of arbitration. Personally I do not see any more reason why matters of national honor should not be referd to a court of arbitration than matters of property or of national proprietorship. I know that is going farther than most men are willing to go, but I do not see why questions of honor may not be submitted to a tribunal composed of men of honor who understand questions of national honor, to abide by their decision, as well as any other questions of difference arising between nations." I venture to quote from my address as President of the Peace Congress in New York, 1907: "Honor is the most dishonord word in our language. No man ever touched another man's honor; no nation ever dishonord another nation; all honor's wounds are self-inflicted." At the opening of the International Bureau of American Republics at Washington, April 26, 1910, President Taft said: |