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Josephus' account of the famine, 193. The close of Jewish history, 199.
PAGE
190
The life and customs of the Israelites, 205. Hebrew art, architecture: the temple
tombs, etc., 209.
CHAPTER XVI
THE PROPHETS AND THE HISTORY OF SEMITIC STYLE. By Dr. D. H. Müller 213
BRIEF REFERENCE-LIST OF AUTHORITIES BY CHAPTERS
A GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF ISRAEL
227
. 229
PART V. PHOENICIA
INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. INDIVIDUALITY OF PHOENICIAN HISTORY, AND ORIGIN OF
THE NAME. By Richard Pietschmann
PHOENICIAN HISTORY IN OUTLINE (3800 B.C.-1516 A.D.)
CARTHAGINIAN HISTORY IN OUTLINE (813 B.C.-697 A.D.)
CHAPTER I
LAND AND PEOPLE
Origin of the Phoenicians, 259.
CHAPTER II
EARLY HISTORY AND INFLUENCES.
Beginnings of the history and civilisation of Phoenicia, 263. The colonies, 270.
Voyages and trading-stations, 274.
CHAPTER III
THE PHOENICIAN TIME OF POWER (980-532 B.C.)
The reign of Hiram I, 279. The successors of Hiram, 283.
CHAPTER IV
PHOENICIA UNDER THE PERSIANS (525-323 B.C.).
. 289
CHAPTER V
PHOENICIA UNDER THE GREEKS, THE ROMANS, AND THE SARACENS (301 B.C.-1516 A.D.)
301
CHAPTER VI
THE STORY OF CARTHAGE (813 B.C.-697 A.D.)
. 308
The site and early history of Carthage, 310. Mommsen's account of Carthage,
312. War in Sicily between Rome and Carthage, 319. Rome and Carthage, 321.
Last days of Carthage, 325.
Sea trade, 330. Manufactures and land trade of the Phoenicians, 334. Silver and
gold in antiquity as money, 339. The slave trade of Phoenicia, 342.
The Phoenicians and the alphabet, 347. Manners and customs; religion, 348.
Culture; art, 352. The Phoenician influence on history, 353.
"The voyage of Hanno, beyond the pillars of Hercules, which he deposited in
the temple of Saturn," 356. Himilco's voyage of discovery, 358. Pomponius Mela
on the Phoenicians, 359. Appianus Alexandrinus on the founding of Carthage by
Dido, 360.
INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. THE POSITION OF ASIA MINOR IN HISTORY. By William
HISTORY IN OUTLINE OF THE MINOR KINGDOMS OF WESTERN ASIA (1528-546 B.C.) 380
Recent Hittite research, 393. The Hittites and the Egyptians, 394. The Hittites
and the Hebrews, 395. Hittite art, 396. Hittite monuments in Asia Minor, 397.
SCYTHIANS AND CIMMERIANS
. 400
The Scythians, 400. Scythian influences in Asia Minor, 400. Scythian move-
ments, 401. Herodotus on the customs of the Scythians, 404. The Cimmerians, 410.
SOME PEOPLES OF SYRIA, ASIA MINOR, AND ARMENIA
. 413
The Aramæans, 413. Phrygia, 413. The Cappadocians, 415. The Cilicians, 416.
Pamphylia and Pisidia, 416. The Carians, 417. The Lycians, 417. The Mysians, 419.
The Bithynians and the Paphlagonians, 419. Armenia, 420.
The land, 422. The people, 423. Sardis and the name of Asia, 424. Early his-
tory of Lydia, 426. Ardys, 427. Early dynasties, 429. Gyges, 430. The triumph
of Persia, 431. Lydian civilisation, 433. A picture of life in Lydia, 434.
Justin's account of the Scythians and the Amazons, 438. Pomponius Mela on the
Scythians and other tribes, 441. Diodorus on the Amazons and the Hyperboreans,
444. Herodotus on the legendary Gyges, 446. The story of Croesus as told by Hero-
dotus, 448. Croesus and Solon, 449. The vision of Croesus, 451. Croesus loses his
son, 453. Crœsus consults the oracles, 454. The reply of the oracles, 455. Croesus
makes an alliance with Sparta, 456. Croesus invades Cappadocia, 457. Croesus in
conflict with Cyrus, 458. The siege of Sardis, 460. The fate of Croesus, 460.
. 464
A GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF THE MINOR NATIONS OF WESTERN
INDIAN HISTORY-LEGEND AND REALITY
493
An inscription
The epochs of
Chronology and ancient history of the Hindus, 493. The authority of the Vedas,
496. Monumental records, 496. Legends of the early heroes, 498.
of Asoka, 499. Traditional kings, 500. Brahmanic learning, 501.
Indian history, 502. Vedic period, 503. The Buddhist period, 503. Chandra Gupta,
504. Twelve centuries of obscurity, 505.
Division and employment of classes, 508. The property of the Brahman, 510.
The despised Sudra, 511. Mixture of classes, 513. The administration of justice, 515.
Criminal law, 516. Civil law, 517. Hindu commerce, 519. Precious metals, 520.
Coinage; precious stones; weaving, 520. Intoxicants; spices; perfumery, 521.
Commercial routes, 523.
BRAHMANISM AND BUDDHISM
525
The origin and development of Brahmanism, 525. The Vedas, 529. Soul trans-
migration, 533. Buddhism, 535. Disappearance of Buddhism in India, 538. New
light on Buddhism, 542. The actual piety of the Hindus and the Hindu separation
of religion from fine morals, 545.
Racial and dynastic origins, 567. The land, 568. The people, 569. Character
of the empire of the Achæmenides, 570.
THE MEDIAN OR SCYTHIAN EMPIRE (700-550 B.C.)
573
The rise and fall of the Median Empire according to Herodotus, 573. The
Median Empire: a modern interpretation, 580. New light on the Medes, 583.
THE EARLY ACHÆMENIANS AND THE ELAMITES, CYRUS AND CAMBYSES
(836-522 B.C.).
587
The death of Cyrus, 593. Character and influence of Cyrus, 596. Xenophon's
estimate of Cyrus, 596. A modern estimate of the character and importance of
Cyrus, 597. Cambyses, 600.
III (521-330 B.C.)
THE PERSIAN DYNASTY: DARIUS I TO DARIUS
Darius I, 605. Organisation of Darius' empire, 607.
609. Affairs in Egypt since the Persian conquest, 611.
sors of Xerxes, 615. Darius II, 618. Artaxerxes II,
The fall of the empire, 630. The old Orient at the end of the Persian Empire, 631.
605
Later conquests of Darius,
Xerxes I, 614. The succes-
619. Artaxerxes III, 626.
Religion and social orders, 635. Organisation of the Persian court, 641. Ad-
ministration of the provinces; financial system; satraps, 645. Military methods,
652. The fine arts, 657.
A GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PERSIAN HISTORY.
662
. 663