...moisture on the surface. Pure sand and gravel may require a greater slope according to circumstances. It is not usual to use any artificial means to protect...consist in covering the slopes with good sods, (Fig. 57,) or else with a layer of vegetable mould about four inches thick, carefully laid and sown with...

...laid down on the map with great accuracy, by ascertaining their bearings and distances from any fiied and marked objects in their vicinity, in order that...or else with a layer Fig. 149— Cross section of an*1 in excavation. A, road-surface. B, side slopes. C, top surface-drain. of vegetable mould about...

...647. In forming the excavations, the inclination of the side slopes demands peculiar attention. Tin's inclination will depend on the nature of the soil,...149 — Cross section of a road in excavation. A, rood-surface. B, side slopes. C, top surface-drain. any other causes of deterioration than the wash...

...precaution which, in the end, \\ ill save much labor and expense in keeping the roadway in good order. Tha simplest means which can be used for this purpose,...slopes with good sods, (Fig. 149,) or else with a layer 646. Earth-work. This term is applied to whatever relates to the construction of the excavations and...

...precaution which, in the end, will save much labor and expense in keeping the roadway in good order. Tke simplest means which can be used for this purpose,...excavation. A, road-surface. B, side slopes. C, top sunace-drain. of vegetable mould about four inches thick, carefully laid and sown with grass seed....

...along the lines of the cross profiles. Besides the numbers marked on the stakes, to indicate theii position on the map, other numbers, showing the depth...mould about four inches thick, carefully laid and •own with grass seed. These means will be amply sufficient to protect the side slopes from injury...

...construction of the excavations and embankments, to prepare them for receiving the road-covering. 715. In forming the excavations, the inclination of the...consist in covering the slopes with good sods (Fig. 219), or Fig. 219. Cross-section of a road In excavation. A, roiid-Rurfaoe. B, side Blopca. C, top...

...of a mixture of clay and sand, compact clay, and compact stony soils, although the side slopes woujd withstand very well the effects of the weather with...consist in covering the slopes with good sods (Fig. 219), or Fig. 219. Cross-Bcctlon of a road la excavation. A, rond-Kiirfnce. B, side RlopeK. C, tup...

...depth of the excavation is great, the base of the slope should be increased. It is not usual to use artificial means to protect the surface of the side...purpose, consist in covering the slopes with good sods, or else with a layer of mould about four inches thick, and sown with grass-seed. These means will be...

...depth of the excavation is great, the base of. the slope should be increased. It is not usual to use artificial means to protect the surface of the side...purpose, consist in covering the slopes with good sods, or else with a layer of mould about four inches thick, and sown with grass-seed. These means will be...