ART. IV.-SHAKESPEARE AS AN ECONOMIST

Literature for many has taken the place of religion;

fortunately English literature has Shakespeare, gene-

rally (as to religion, ethics, &c.) an authority on the

right side-In the field of economics he is a Christian

economist-This proved from his writings, 1. As to

the relations of parents and children and on marriage-

As to the position contrast between the poet and George

Eliot-2. As to the relations of the upper to lower

classes, of masters and rich to servants and poor-His

sympathy with the poor and horror of oppression-We

may know what would have been his opinion on the

economical anarchy of our time and country.

ART. V. ANCIENT BENEDICTINE CUSTOMS

Importance of tracing the inner history of faithful monastic

observance-Some prefatory remarks on the Fort

Augustus edition of the Rule, and on the age and value

of the various codices of the Rule-Present attempt is

to trace some usages of Benedictine life, not later than

the twelfth century-The "disposition of hours: the

precise time of Matins and the other "hours," also of

Mass and Dinner-The ancient habit, as to its material,

colour, and various parts-Uniform custom in building

the Monasteries--Monastic fare.

ART. VI. THE PORTUGUESE IN INDIA

Brief duration of Portuguese rule: commercial extension
not colonial its ideal, commercial corruption its canker-
worm-Vasco da Gama and the Lusiads: Albuquer-
que the story of Portuguese conquest-Prosperity of
Goa bad results of Indo-Portuguese inter-marriages-
S. Francis Xavier's work at Goa: condition of religion
-New Goa: commerce, industries-Ecclesiastical juris-
diction.

ART. VII.-THE INFLUENCE OF FATALISM ON OPINION

Carlyle deplored the "mechanism of the age:" it has now

grown into Fatalism: evidences of this in general loss

of grit and fibre and tendency to drift in all political

parties and growing helplessness before "Public

Opinion"-Illustrative extracts from Mr. Lowell, Mr.

John Morley, Lord Derby and Mr. Gladstone: un-

worthy views of statesmanship-School of History

tinged with this fatalism: Buckle, Macaulay-More

recent instances of fatalism in formation of opinion-

Political necessity a current delusion.

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98

ART. VIII. THE STORY OF THE FRENCH EXILES

Value of Canon Plasse's recent book on the Exiled French
Clergy previous silence of historians as to England's
generosity-The story of the expulsion: reception of
the Exiles in England: Committees of relief-Subscrip-
tions; a national collection; Government grant; private
gifts Houses allotted by Government as residences;
erection of French chapels-Gratitude of the Exiles-
Lesson taught by these volumes.

ART. IX. THE LOST, STRAYED AND STOLEN OF OUR CATHOLIC

POOR CHILDREN

Ubiquity of Street Arabs: magnanimous efforts of philan-
thropy; Homes and Refuges-Recent disclosures show
that under cloak of philanthropy, proselytism is being
carried on-Revelations of this kind shown from census
taken in Manchester and Salford; extent of danger to
children's religion from the irreligion or carelessness of
parents They are recruiting material for Bird's-nest
Homes, &c. sketch of work of proselytizing going on
in Manchester: some "Cases" illustrating various
phases of procedure-Emigration as a means of prose-
lytism-What is to be done to save the children?"

:

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SCIENCE NOTICES

Ten Years Progress in Astronomy-Ancient Chronologies

and Primitive Man-Antiquity of Man from Ancient

Monuments-Egypt-Discovery of Prehistoric Remains

-A New Magazine of Political Science-Meeting of the

British Association.

NOTES OF TRAVEL AND EXPLORATION

Brazilian Travel-Social Aspect of Brazil-Asiatic Trade

through Canada-A French Traveller in Merv-The

Gate of the Caucasus-The French Colonies-Father

Damien and the Lepers-A New Port on the Mediter-

ranean-A Japanese Volcano-The Panama Canal-

The Plague of Yunnan-Volcanic Eruption in the

Pacific-Trade of the Corea-Massacre in the Louisiade

Archipelago.

177

188

NOTES ON NOVELS

The Princess Casamassima-The Old Order Changes-A
Modern Telemachus-Lady Branksmere-A Northern
Lily-Neæra-Sir Percival-For the Old Land.

NOTICES OF CATHOLIC CONTINENTAL PERIODICALS

La Controverse-Stimmen aus Maria Laach-Historisch-

politische Blätter-Historisches Jahrbuch-Zeitschrift

für Kath. Theologie-Civiltà Cattolica.

NOTICES OF BOOKS

Mr. Healy Thompson's Life of Père Muard--Cardinal

Allen's Souls Departed-Rev. M. Canty's Purgatory

-History of St. Margaret's, Edinburgh-Father Guy's

Synods in English-Dr. Philip Sweeny's Controversial

Letters Father Humphrey's Bible and Belief, Spouses

of the King, and Christian Marriage-Dr. Hüffer's St.

Bernard-Bishop of Newport's Christian Priesthood-

Hurter's Nomenclator Literarius-Ceremoniale Episco-

porum-Annales Minorum-St. Augustine-Dr. Cun-

ningham's St. Austin - Dr. P. Schaff's Augustine,

Melancthon, and Neander-Dr. Travers Smith's Man's

Knowledge of God and Man-Costa Rosetti's Philosophia

Moralis Tornatore's Expositio and De Humana Cog-

nitione Dr. Allegre on Matrimonial Impediments-

Lehmkuhl's Theology-Father Ehrle's Works of Aris-

totle Regestum Clementis V.-Thayer's Edition of

Grimm's N.T. Lexicon-Fabiola, Illustrated-Gneist's

English Parliament-Pictorial Bible-De Courcy's

Coalition de 1701-The Catholic Directory, 1887-

Miss Atteridge's Foremost if I can.

BOOKS OF DEVOTION AND SPIRITUAL READING

RECORD OF ROMAN DOCUMENTS (at the end).

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211

239

CONTENTS.

ART. I. CHURCH EXTENSION AND ANGLICAN EXPANSION

What "Extension" or "Expansion" meant in early times

and still means among Catholics-The Rev. Sir G. W.

Cox's idea of "expansion" of the Church of England

is that it may embrace all sects: his proposal to do away

with tests and the Act of Uniformity-A proposal, which

Dr. Martineau seconded for other reasons: his theory:

he mistakes mysticism for religion: mysticism every-

where, and compatible with immorality-Had this pro-

posed system of toleration meant "expansion" to our

Anglo-Saxon forefathers, the results would have been

fatal to the English people: example of Ireland: the

influence of women-Many besides Catholics would admit

the desirability of one religion prevailing, but cannot

see that that one is the Catholic-The evidential value

of miracles, which have occurred in the Catholic com-

munion: why they do not occur nowadays out of it-

A selection of miracles from various periods of the

Church.

ART. II.-BARBOUR'S LEGENDS OF THE SAINTS.

Value of recent discovery of Barbour's writings: his life

-Character of the Legends: reason for selecting the

legend of St. Machar as an illustration-The legend of
St. Machar; his connection with St. Columba; becomes
the Apostle of Aberdeenshire; he goes with St. Columba
to Rome; the Pope changes his name; on the return
journey he stays, and eventually dies at Tours.

ART. III-WAR AND BALLOONING

Early theories and attempted construction of balloons :

partial successes of Cavallo, the Montgolfiers, and

Charles the Parisian-The use of balloons as an adjunct

to war-Recent revival of captive balloons by English

Government-Free balloons during siege of Paris-

Attempts at balloon navigation (1) by using the air

currents. (2) by methods of mechanical propulsion-The

"Flotteur Frein" and probable utilization of air routes

-Mr. Bruce's own electrical signalling balloon.

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ART. IV.-CRITICS AND CLASS-LISTS

The natural tendency to compare and classify; its advan-

tages and dangers-A special danger in criticism of

imaginative works, and especially of poetry-The three

greatest poets according to Mr. M. Arnold, Mr. A. Austin,

and Mr. Swinburne; how far their preferences are due

or amenable to reasoning-Lesson suggested by their

difference of views: the non-reasonable element in

poetry-The untranslateableness of the best poetry-The

music of poetry does not distinguish it from prose, yet

essential to its total effect-The work of the critics:

Mr. Swinburne's criticisms.

ART. V. THE CHURCH AFTER THE CONQUEST.

Eadmer's honesty; his information about the Church after

the Conquest makes one wonder that the Reformation did

not come before Henry VIII.-A sketch of things in

England-Usurpation of ecclesiastical rights and of Papal

privileges by the King-Lanfranc, his character and

doings: the Norman Bishops; the Monks; Odo-

England in schism-The Conqueror makes his secular

Court sovereign in spiritual matters: he lays the egg which

Henry VIII. hatches: Lanfranc and suffragans accept the

Reformation in principle-The Conqueror's succession ;

Henry and St. Anselm; usurpation of rights by Henry II.

-Growing dislike of the Holy See, and constant warfare

against him the fruits thereof.

:

ART. VI.-WHERE ST. PATRICK WAS BORN

Recently advanced theories render it opportune to restate

the old Irish and Scotch belief that the Saint was born

near Dumbarton, at Old Kilpatrick-A catena of the ori-

ginal authorities-Two conclusions from this evidence:

(1) that St. Patrick was born in Britain, (2) and at or

near Dumbarton-Father Morris's arguments for France

-Father Malone's contention for Bath: his proofs

refuted his opinion merely a theory-The value of

the old Catholic tradition.

ART. VII.-ITALY PRESENT AND FUTURE

Mr. Gallenga's first work on Italy in 1841 and his present

book; he cannot yet be sanguine except for the distant

future-The military position and strength of Italy; not

possible to be sanguine about the future of the army-

Her iron-clad fleet; the men untried-Her financial and

economic weakness; over-taxation, and cruel suffering,

amongst the lower classes-Swarms of needy officials,

and sinecure appointments-Italy has gained little by

robbing the Church.-Italy is without internal strength,

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