PREFACE.

JAVING, some few years ago, been associated in

the conduct of a journal devoted to horticulture, I amassed for literary purposes much of the material made use of in the present volume. Upon the discontinuance of the journal, I re

solved to classify and arrange the plant lore thus accumulated, with a view to its subsequent publication, and I have since been enabled to enrich the collection with much Continental and Indian lore (which I believe is quite unknown to the great majority of English readers) from the vast store to be found in Signor De Gubernatis' volumes on plant tradition, a French edition of which appeared two years ago, under the title of La Mythologie des Plantes. To render the present work comprehensive and at the same time easy of reference, I have divided the volume into two sections, the first of which is, in point of fact, a digest of the second; and I have endeavoured to enhance its interest by introducing some few reproductions of curious illustrations pertaining to the subjects treated of. Whilst preferring no claim for anything beyond the exercise of considerable industry, I would state that great care and attention has been paid to the revision of the work, and that as I am both author and printer of my book, I am debarred in that dual capacity from even palliating my mistakes by describing them as “errors of the press.” In tendering my acknowledgments to Prof. De Gubernatis and other authors I have consulted on the various branches of my subject, I would draw attention to the annexed list of the principal works to which reference is made in these pages.

RICHARD FOLKARD, JUN,

CRICKLEWOOD, August, 1884.

Principal Works Referred to.

Adams, H.C. Flowers; their Moral, Language, and Poetry.'
Albertus Magnus. De Mirabilibus Mundi.
Al.trovandus. Ornithologia.
Bacon, Lord. Sylva Sylvarum,' and 'Essay on Gardens.'
Bauhin, C. plantis a divis sanctisve nomen habentibus (1591).
Brand, J. 'Popular Antiquities.'
Bright, H. A. A Year in a Lancashire Garden.'
Campbell, J. F. “Tales of the Western Highlands.'.

Choice Notes from Notes and Queries.'
Coles, W. Adam in Eden' (1057); and “The Art of Simpling’ (1656).
The Compleat English Gardener' (1683).
'The Countryman's Recreation ’(1640).
Croker, T.C. Fairy Legends of the South of Ireland.'
Culpeper, N. • British Herbal.'
Cutts, Rev. E. Decoration of Churches.'
Darwin, E. "The Botanic Garden ’: a Poem.
Dasent, Sir G. W. Popular Tales from the Norse.'
Daubeny, C. «Trees and Shrubs of the Ancients.?
Day, Rev. Lal Behari. •Folk-Tales of Bengal.'
De Gubernatis, A. La Mythologie des Plantes; ou les Légendes du Règne Végétal.
Dixon, W. G. "The Land of the Morning: Japan.'
'The Dutch Gardener' (1703).
Dyer, Rev. T. F. 'English Folk-lore.'
Ennemoser, J. "History of Magic.'
Evelyn, J. Sylva : a Discourse of Forest Trees '(1662); “The French Gar-

dener '(1658); and · Kalendarium Hortense' (1664). ' The Expert Gardener' (1640). 'The Fairy Family.' Farrer, J.A. * The Names of Flowers ' (In ‘Cornhill Magazine, Vol. XLV.). Fitzherbarde, Sir Anthony. Boke of Husbandry (1523). Fleetwood, Bishop. •Curiosities of Nature and Art in Husbandry and Gar

dening' (1707). * Flower Lore (M'Caw & Co., Belfast). Gerarde, J. “The Herbal; or, General Historie of Plantes.' Edited by Johnson

(1633). Grimm, 1. Teutonic Mythology' (Translated by Stallybrass.) Henderson, W. 'Folk-lore of the Northern Counties.' Hunt, R. Popular Romances of the West of England.' Ingram, J. “Flora Symbolica.' Jameson, Mrs. “Sacred and Legendary Art'; Legends of the Monastic Orders ';

King, R. J. “Sketches and Studies.'
Kircherus. De Luce et Umbra, Ars Magnetica, &c.
• The Language of Flowers' (Saunders and Otley).
Liger, Louis.

The Retired Gardener' (1717).
Loudon, J. C. 'Encyclopædia of Gardening

Loudon, Mrs. Companion to the Flower Garden.'

Macer Floridus. De Viribus Herbarum (1527).
Mallet, M. Northern Antiquities.'
Mannhardt, Prof. Baumkultus der Germanen ; Germanische Mythen; and Wald-

und Feld-Kulte.

Marmier, X. Légendes des Plantes.

Marshall

, s. Plant Symbolism' (In Natural History Notes,' Vol. II.).

Martyn, Thos.

• Miller's Gardener's and Botanist's Dictionary.'

Matthiolus. De Plantis (1585).

Maundevile, Sir John. Voiage and Travaile' (Edit. 1725).

Mentzelius, C. Index Nominum Plantarum Multilinguis (1682).

Moore, T. •Lalla Rookh.'

Müller, Max.

• Selected Essays.'

Murray, E. C. G.. “Songs and Legends of Roumania.'

Newton, W. ' Display of Heraldry.'

Nork. Mythologie der Volkssagen.

Oldenburg, Dr. H. • Buddha : his Life, Doctrine, and Order.'

Parkinson, J. "Paradisi in Sole : Paradisus Terrestris' (1656).

Paxton, Sir Joseph. “Botanical Dictionary.'

Percival, Rev. 8. “The Land of the Veda.'

Phillips, J. “Flora Historica.'

Pirie, M. “Flowers, Grasses, and Shrubs.'

Plat, Sir Hugh, Knt. The Garden of Eden' (1600).

Pliny.

• Natural History:

Porta, 7. B. Pbytognomica (1588).

Pratt, A. 'Flowering Plants and Ferns of Great Britain.'

Prior, Dr. Popular Names of British Plants.'

Ralston, W. R. 'Forest and Field Myths '(In Contemporary Review, Vol.XXXI.).
Rapin, R.

De Hortorum Cultura (Gardiner's trans., 1665).

Rawlinson, Rev. G. 'The Religions of the Ancient World.'

Reade, W. W. The Veil of Isis; or, the Mysteries of the Druids.'

Rea, J. Flora, Ceres, and Pomona '(1665).

Rimmel, E. • The Book of Perfumes.'

The 'Royal and Imperial Dream Book.'

Sawyer, F. E. "Sussex Folk-lore and Customs.'

Shway Yoe. “The Burman : his Life and Notions.'

Thorpe, B. “Yule-tide Stories.'

Tighe, W. "The Plants': a Poem.

Timbs, J. Popular Errors; '“Curiosities of History;' and 'Things Not Generally

Known,'

Turner, Robert. • Botanologia: The Brittish Physician; or, the Nature and

Vertues of English Plants’ (1687).
Turner, W. “The Herball.'
Tusser, Thomas. "Five Hundred Points of Husbandry ’ (1562).
White, Rev. Gilbert. Natural History of Selborne.'
Wilkinson, Sir G. · The Ancient Egyptians.'
Zabn, 7. Specula Physico-Mathematico-Historica (1696).