Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited?: An Examination of the View Held by Spencer and DarwinMacmillan, 1890 - 156 páginas |
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Página 2
... organs enlarges and strengthens them ; the disuse of parts or faculties weakens them . And so great is the power of habit that it is proverbially spoken of as " second nature . " It is thus certain that we can modify the individual . We ...
... organs enlarges and strengthens them ; the disuse of parts or faculties weakens them . And so great is the power of habit that it is proverbially spoken of as " second nature . " It is thus certain that we can modify the individual . We ...
Página 4
... organs or faculties does not similarly affect posterity by inheritance , then it is evident that no innate improvement in the race can take place without the aid of natural or artificial selection . Herbert Spencer maintains that the ...
... organs or faculties does not similarly affect posterity by inheritance , then it is evident that no innate improvement in the race can take place without the aid of natural or artificial selection . Herbert Spencer maintains that the ...
Página 7
... organs . Weis- mann has given it the name of Panmixia , —all individuals being equally free to survive and commingle their variations , and not merely selected or favoured individuals . See his Essays on Here- dity , & c . , p . 90 ...
... organs . Weis- mann has given it the name of Panmixia , —all individuals being equally free to survive and commingle their variations , and not merely selected or favoured individuals . See his Essays on Here- dity , & c . , p . 90 ...
Página 8
... organs of prehension , & c . We can hardly assume that the lower half of the face is specially exempt from the influence of natural and sexual selection ; and the effects of these undoubted factors of evolution must be fully considered ...
... organs of prehension , & c . We can hardly assume that the lower half of the face is specially exempt from the influence of natural and sexual selection ; and the effects of these undoubted factors of evolution must be fully considered ...
Página 39
... organs - those probably which are here- ditarily weakest . Acquired diseases or disorders thus appear to be transmitted , when all that was conveyed to the offspring was the exciting cause of a lowered vitality or disordered action ...
... organs - those probably which are here- ditarily weakest . Acquired diseases or disorders thus appear to be transmitted , when all that was conveyed to the offspring was the exciting cause of a lowered vitality or disordered action ...
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Términos y frases comunes
acquired characters acquired modifications alleged Animals and Plants appears artificial selection atavism attributed Aylesbury duck become birds bones breeds cause cent civilization concomitant variation Contemporary Review Crown 8vo cumulative Darwin Descent deterioration diminished diminution diseases domestic animals domestic rabbit duck effects of ancestral effects of disuse enlarged epilepsy evidence evil explanation eyes fact factor of evolution fancy pigeons father favoured Francis Darwin Francis Galton Galton gemmules guinea-pigs heredity Illustrations improvement incisors increased individual inherited effects inherited injuries inherited mutilations insects instances instincts jaws Lamarckian leg-bones legs lengthened muscles natural or artificial natural selection nervous neuter offspring organs Origin of Species pangenesis panmixia parents pigeons Plants under Domestication quasi-inheritance race Ray Lankester reduced wings relative reproductive elements sexual selection shortened Spencer spite of disuse spontaneous variations sternum structure suppose tameness teeth tend tendency theory thickened sole tion toes transmit true inheritance use-inheritance Variation of Animals weight Weismann wing-bones
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Página 26 - For peculiar habits confined to the workers or sterile females, however long they might be followed, could not possibly affect the males and fertile females, which alone leave descendants. I am surprised that no one has hitherto advanced this demonstrative case of neuter insects, against the well-known doctrine of inherited habit, as advanced by Lamarck.