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CHAPTER III.-THE ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCERS.
The sexual division of labor.....
The organization of producers..
.....
Instances of the existence of the domestic economy.
The clan economy characteristic of the Iroquois...
The women's agricultural clan......
The men's clan, primarily an organization of warriors and secondarily
a hunting body..
Relative influence of the two clans upon the life of the community as
a whole; the prominence of the women's clan....
Tribal organization.....
Confederate organization........
The servile class of producers-captives and effeminate men.
The position of the medicine men in production...
CHAPTER IV.-THE WEALTH OF THE IROQUOIS.
The concrete economic concept of wealth.....
44
Primary production goods:
For general use-the knife and axe.....
For hunting-the bow and arrow, traps and snares, the dog.....
For fishing-the harpoon, the net, the weir...........
46
48
For agriculture-the wooden rake, the digging stick, the hoe.... 49
Secondary production goods:
For the preparation of food-the weighted drill and spindle-whorl,
cooking and eating utensils of earthenware, wood, and bark....
For the making of clothing-scrapers, bone awls, and needles, etc.
Means of transportation-bretelles and burden straps, snow-shoes
and sleds, canoes.
50
53
54
Consumption goods:
Articles of food-
Maize preparations the staple of village life.....
Meat and fish the principal articles of food during the hunt
and the fishing expedition....
Beverages
Stored surplus..
Clothings and furnishings,-textiles and articles of skin..
Armor
Shelter, stationary dwellings of wood and bark..
The village and its fortifications.....
The abstract economic concept of wealth; the Iroquois use of wam-
pum
The prestige value of wampum.
659
66
67
The influence of the clan principle of distribution upon the consump-
tion group.....
The place of the individual in the distributive system.
The medicine men-a class above the clan and exacting tribute..
The captives-a class below the clan and rendering tribute.....
CHAPTER VI.-EXCHANGE.
A system of barter between tribes...
Trade carried on to a great extent by the men's clans as such...
Means of effecting exchange;-present giving........
The use of wampum as a medium of exchange.
PART II.
SOCIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENTS.
CHAPTER I.-THE FAMILY.
The two forms of the family in general......
The paternal family, the one form of organization known to the do-
mestic and village economy....
85
The paternal family, the unit of consumption in the republican clan
economies
86
The maternal family characteristic of the society dominated by the
communal clan....
886
The origin of the maternal form of the family to be sought in the
transitional economy in which the women's clan monopolized
The elevated position of the wife in the Iroquois family.
90
Parental and filial relationships...
92
The reappearance of the paternal family during the hunting season... 93
CHAPTER II.-STATE AND GOVERNMENT.
Unsatisfactoriness of the kinship theory of Iroquois society..
The economic basis of Iroquois political institutions..
The political life of the Iroquois sedentary community;-the gentile
government representative of both clans, and more particularly
of the women's clan;-the functions of the gentile government.
The village or tribal government..
The council of the Elders...
The functions of the tribal council.
The nature of Iroquois laws,-custom-made rules of conduct, the in-
violability of which was guaranteed by the council...
107
The chiefs the executive agents of the council...
The representative nature of the government shown by the fact that
public opinion was the only sanction of the laws...
108
Incorrigibility punished by exclusion from the organization.
Treason punished by death......
The confederate government, a council composed of gentile chiefs... 112
The system of voting in the council of the confederacy a proof of the
economic basis of the government...
III
113
The government of the men's clan on the hunt and on the war-path.. 115
The Iroquois aristocracy.
117
The disfranchised class.....
118
The share in sovereignty possessed by the medicine men.
120
The religion characteristic of the agricultural community.
123
When economic life is in a transitional state, religious development
Deification of various animal types of importance to the hunter.. 127
Deification of certain species of plants of importance to agriculture.. 128
Predominance of animal worship resulting from religious conserva-
....
tism
129
Deification of natural phenomena influencing economic life:-the Sky,
the Sun, etc....
Ceremonials connected with hunting deities...
Ceremonials connected with agricultural deities.
Organization of worshipers corresponding to organization of pro-
ducers
The beginnings of a Priesthood....
Secret societies....
The medicine men a separate religious class.
CHAPTER IV.-MORALS.
Virtues-the qualities likely to insure success in economic life.......
CHAPTER V.-GENERAL CULTURE.
Economic conditions explain the characteristic features of the general
culture of the Iroquois...
Their fine physical development...
The extent of their astronomical knowledge.
The extent of their knowledge of medicine..
Their knowledge of agriculture methods..
The Iroquois calendar...
Development of system of communication and record keeping..
Tact, conversational ability, etc......
Esthetic taste..
135
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139
140
144
147
148
149
150
151
155