A Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India: The verbTrübner, 1879 |
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Otras ediciones - Ver todas
A Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India: To ..., Volumen3 Beames Vista completa - 1879 |
A Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India: The verb John Beames Vista completa - 1879 |
A Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India: The verb John Beames Vista completa - 1879 |
Términos y frases comunes
active verbs added adverbs analogy ancillary anuswâra aorist apocopated Aryan auxiliary become Bengali Bhojpuri Bhû type Braj causal cause Chand common compound tenses conjugation conjunctive participle consonant dekh derived dialects of Hindi eastern Hindi expressed future participle gender Gipsy give Grammar grammarians Gujarati hear imperative imperfect indeclinable infinitive inserted instances junction vowel Kellogg latter literally locative Maharashtri Marathi meaning modern languages modern verb neuter verbs nouns Old-H ordinary origin Oriya Pali Panjabi participial tenses past participle peculiar person phase phonetic plural poets postpositions Prakrit present participle present tense preterite principal verb probably Rajputana reduplicated remains root rustic dialects Sanskrit semivowel sense shortened simple Sindhi sing singular stems ending substantive verb suffix syllable Tadbhava tenses formed terminations thou traces Trumpp Tulsi Das verbal stems whence words कर के तो नहीं है हो
Pasajes populares
Página 130 - If a person speaks with the greatest humility of himself, or with the greatest contempt of another, he employs this form, but it is not found in good composition. From these strictures, however, the third person must be exempted, as it is used in all good composition for expressing common facts or events, and will on that ground in future be embodied in the honorific form of conjugation.
Página 215 - compound tense' in a wider sense than that in which it has been employed in the former part of this chapter, we may legitimately include under it that large and varied class of phrases in which two verbal stems are used together to express one idea.
Página 75 - Gujarati ughaad- /ughad-), mod- 'break (tr, intr)', samadz- 'understand/be understandable'. According to Beames (1872:75), these are distinguished conjugationally. The latter writer, however, was also moved to say that "Marathi stands 65 alone in respect of its causal, and as in so many other points, exhibits a hesitation and confusion which confirm the impression of its being a backward language which has not so thoroughly emancipated itself from the Prakrit stage as the others.
Página 229 - Next morning he woke and arose, bathed, ate, dressed, collected his goods, loaded them on his camel, bade farewell to his friend, and started on his journey," the Indian languages would say, "Having woken, having risen, having bathed, having eaten, having dressed, having collected his goods, having loaded them on his camel, having bidden farewell to his friend, having started on his journey, he went.
Página 178 - This is a case of forgetfulness of the •origin of a word leading to its use being extended to cases where it has no right to be, for is clearly derived from ^rfW, the Pr. form of ^rf^I with <rf prefixed, and thus, strictly speaking, belongs only to the 3 sing.
Página 205 - There is perhaps implied the idea of the action having been performed some time ago and being still in force, so that it harmonized with the usually continuative meaning of ho as an auxiliary in Panjdbi.
Página 215 - ... -ives. It would, perhaps, be simpler not to seek to invent names for all, or any of them, but merely to note the combinations that exist with their meanings. Indeed, it is hardly possible to group them into classes, because, in practice, some ancillaries may be combined with any verb in the language, while others again can only be combined with one or two specific verbs. Moreover, there are exceptions to the general rule that a verb with an ancillary runs through the whole range of tenses, for...
Página 149 - suppose that д^я is in some way a metathesis of us ne Icitd. The Instrumental however of uh is not us ne, but un. Ue ne is Hindi, and it would hardly have been resorted to in the formation of a pure dialectic type like this. Moreover in the J 1st plural we have such expressions as qfe JJT, which is evidently íhánde san for asá=asmáh.
Página 183 - The aphaeresis of an initial consonant is rare. In scenic Prakrit it is confined almost entirely to the root 'TJ (jana), as in dndsi =jdndsi, dnabedi = djndpayati, etc. Also in uno =punah, and a few other words.
Página 172 - I think, be considered as proved that the forms of the bhu conjugation have swallowed up all other conjugational types, just as much as those of the as stem in nouns have driven out all other declensional forms.