A poet has beautifully described a submarine

scene.

It was a Garden beyond all price,

Even yet it was a place of paradise;

For where the mighty ocean could not spare,
There had he, with his own creation,
Sought to repair his work of devastation.
And here were coral bowers,

And grots of madrepores,

And banks of sponge, as soft and fair to eye

As e'er was mossy bed.

Here, too, were living flowers,
Which, like a bud compacted,
Their purple cups contracted,

And now in open blossoms spread,

Stretched like green anthers many a seeking head
And arborets of jointed stone were there,
And plants of fibres fine, as silkworm's thread :
Yea, beautiful as mermaid's golden hair,

Upon the waves dispread:

Others, that like the broad banana growing,
Raised their long wrinkled leaves of purple hue,
Like streamers wide outflowing.

And whatsoe'er the depths of ocean hide
From human eyes, Ladurlad there espied,

Trees of the deep, and shrubs and fruits and flowers,

As fair as ours.

A silver trunk,

The fine gold net work growing out

Loose from its rugged boughs.

Tall, as the cedar of the mountain, here

Rose the gold branches, hung with emerald leaves.

Blossom'd with pearls, and rich with ruby fruit.

Dry Land is divided into Highland and Lowland. By Lowland is meant an extensive country, flat, or of inconsiderable elevation above the sea-composed mostly of plains, and hilly as it approaches the Alpine district. The few elevations that occur in it are small, and chiefly in the central part.

We have one immense tract of Lowland, traversed by the Mississippi and Missouri, bordering east on the Appalachian, and west on the Rocky Mountains.

In South America there is also one extensive district of low land, bordering on the Andes.

The principal Lowland of Europe comprises the Eastern portion of Britain and the northern part of France, the Netherlands, the north of Germany and Silesia, all Poland, and the north west part of the Rusian Empire.

The central portion of Asia consists of one great Lowland Tract, called the Steppes.

The extent of this division of surface in Africa has never been ascertained.

Alpine land is composed of groups of mountains, which are again formed of mountain chains, or a series of single mountains.

Mountain groups are usually highest in the mid. dle, and in an Alpine country each takes a differ

ent direction, being separated by plains and vallies, or by hilly districts. Each group forms a whole, both as to base and acclivity, partially intersected in many places, but never to the base, except at the termination of the chain.

Mountainous land is composed of single mountains collected into chains, which, however, not being united by an Alpine or central chain, never form groups.

The rounded, undulating elevations of hilly districts are much lower than the preceding, and form a gradual transition to Lowland.

The summit of a mountain chain is called its ridge, and the concavities in a mountain group, which usually run parallel to its longest direction, vallies.

High mountain groups are those of an elevation of 7000 feet and upwards-as the Andes, Alps, Pyrennees, &c. Mountains of middle height, are from 4 to 6000 feet high. Low groups are from 700 to 3000 feet in height.

Generally the length of a Mountain Group is in proportion to its height, and to the breadth of its base. If the breadth and length are nearly the same, it is called Massive. If the length is considerable in proportion to its base, we say it is a long Mountain Group. Another distinction is derived

from the form and the connection of mountains composing the group, as the Common, the Alpine, and the Conic Mountain Groups.

With regard to the different parts of a Mountain, we recognise the foot, acclivity and summit. The foot is usually flat, and more or less extensive.The acclivity is usually considered as the steepest part of the mountain, and is often almost a perpendicular precipice. The more gradual and gentle the ascent of a moutain, the more rich does it generally prove in ores.

The summit varies in steepness and shape; and the latter is indicative of the nature of the rock of which it is composed. Thus Granite and the Primary Rocks usually have sharp peaks. The elder Secondary (or Transition) are rounded: Clay and Basalt present short and obtuse conical summits.

Though Mountains are styled "La Charpente et l'Ossature du Globe Terrestre," yet the highest are but mere specks in proportion to the diameter of the Earth. Thus Mount Blanc, the highest in Europe, is on the surface of our planet, what a single line would be on a globe of 21 feet diameter.

In speaking of Mountains, I must be allowed to notice a Theory accounting for their origin which has lately been proposed by a Mons. Chabrier in

a Dissertation, not long since published, on the General Deluge. Having observed the immense blocks of Granite scatterred over the North of Germany, and not being able to trace them satisfactorily (for himself) to the Mountains of Sweden or the Hartz-he wisely has concluded them to be Aerolites. Having proved this to his own satisfaction-and having ascertained that mountains are only heaps of rubbish, he doubted if granite and the primary rocks were ever deposited from a sea which nobody had ever seen-and from other similar arguments, he asserts, that granite came, as it now exists, from the atmosphere, with the accompanying substances. This terrible shower of mountains arising from the fragments of a planetary body violently struck by a comet, rained at once upon the nucleus of ours (which gives him no conconcern) the Alps, Pyrenées and Andes and the Allegany and Rocky Mountains. The substances in falling crushed the tufted forest and produced coal by compression. The destroyed planet was that which had for its satellites the four little moons, Ceres, Pallas, Vesta and Juno, which even now irrefragibly prove the former existence of that unfortunate planet.

But even this monstrous shower of mountains does not satisfy the gentleman. It was accompa