Conditions :-(1) something to construct from, (2) a clear concep-
tion of what is aimed at, (3) trial and error.

PAGE

• 41-3

ALTERNATION AND REMISSION OF ACTIVITY.

Sleep the only entire cessation of mental action

Relief given by alternation or transition .

Moral improvement, distinguished from the motives to duty

Disinterested repugnance to wrong.

44

45

46

47

47

48

49

52

53

54

56

59

PLAY OF MOTIVES:-THE SENSES.

The organic sensibilities principally affected in punishments

The muscular pains. Nervous pains—ennui

Privation of nourishment

Skin inflictions

Best mode of bringing sociability to the aid of study

Influence of the multitude on the individual

The Anti-Social and Malign Emotions.

Checks to Anger.

Cruelty

Legitimate outlets for malevolent passion :-Punishments, actual and

72

Pleasures of Knowledge.

Bearings on utility. Certainty sought after

The stimulus of the emotions unattended with the desire of truth
General knowledge. Its severity, and the two modes of overcoming
our repugnance to it

1. Pleasurable flash of discoveries of identity, and relief from an in-
tellectual burden.

Dislike induced by the technical formalities of science

Opposition of the concrete and the abstract

2. Abstractive separation necessary in order to trace causation.

Curiosity, as found in children, often spurious.

The Emotions of Activity.

Natural or spontaneous activity of the system.

Gratified self-activity as a motive in teaching

Feeling of origination very powerful, but not immediately applicable

Feeling suitable to the learner-admiration for superior knowledge .

CONTENTS.

The Emotions of Fine Art.

Fine art influential as enjoyment

Various effects of art :-symmetry, proportion, design, rhythm,

time.

Music as a moral power. Poetry

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PAGE

96

97

97

Nature of authority. The school compared with the family

Principles applicable to authority in general

102

104

Bentham's exhaustive view of punishment

106

Discipline in the school :- influence of good physical surroundings;
teaching arts; teacher's personality; tact

One man against a multitude is in the post of danger

108

III

Importance of a preliminary clearing-up of leading terms.

118

120

An admitted principle, but liable to uncertainty in its application

ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS.

Analysis has certain distinct meanings

Synthesis an unsuitable term.

OBJECT LESSONS.

Occasion of the first introduction of the phrase

Reference to acquiring the meanings of names.

Selection of objects as texts

INFORMATION AND TRAINING.

What things properly constitute information

What is comprised under discipline, or training

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139

How far a synoptical view of certain subjects may be of value.

The beginner must abide by one scheme.

Abuses of multum non multa.

Mathematics as the type of the deductive or demonstrative method .
Important formulæ derived from mathematics, and applied else-
where:-plurality of factors influencing a result; definite and in-
definite solutions; totalizing fluctuations; probabilities

Practical applications numerous and important; but, for the majority,
the value of this training counts for most
Improper claims made for this science
What mathematics does not do

The Experimental and Inductive Sciences.

Best guides to ascertaining facts by observation and experiment

Over-generalization corrected.

Limits to empirical generalities

As useful knowledge.' Applications of natural philosophy,

chemistry, and physiology.

148

149

152

153

153

155

155

The common knowledge of mind compared with the science of mind

Preparation for the study

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160