Erie, are very beautiful; the sweet-briar bushes, with which the banks are studded, are here remarkably fine. Several handsome houses are built on the banks below the town. About a mile below the town, near the entrance of Lake Erie, is a chalybeate spring, which is said to resemble the waters of Cheltenham, in England. A fort called Malden, capable of accommodating a regiment, is situated about half a mile above the town, on the river; it was rebuilt in 1839, and is at present occupied by three companies of rifles. Sir Chas. Metcalfe in the year 1845 granted a charter to the town of Amherstburg to hold a fair twice a year.

A plot of land containing about 100 acres, (being the military reserve,), outside the town, is perfectly cleared of timber, and forms a fine large common, which is very convenient for the inhabitants of the neighbourhood, for grazing. The steamboats; London, from Buffalo to Detroit; Gore, from Windsor to Goderich and Penetanguishine; and Brothers, from Chatham; touch here regularly. The latter leaves Amherstburg every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday mornings, at half past seven o'clock, for Detroit and Chatham. Fare to Detroit $, to Chatham $24. And many of the American steamers stop here to take in wood. Amherstburg contains 985 inhabitants; of this number 174 are people of colour. There are five churches and chapels, viz. Episcopal, Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Baptist; the latter for coloured people; and a news and reading room; a market place, and court house have recently been erected. Post office, post every day.

List of Professions and Trades.-Two physicans and surgeons, one lawyer, two breweries, two auctioneers, two asheries, one steam grist and saw mill, one carding machine and woollen manufactory, one soap and candle manufactory, two tanneries, three schools, fourteen stores, six blacksmiths, three bakers, three saddlers, five waggon makers, eight shoemakers, four tailors, one tinsmith, one watchmaker, two painters, ten taverns, one tobacconist, one notary public, two butchers, inspector of flour and pork; four large schooners are owned here. Principal tavern, the "British North American.

A Village in the township of Ancaster, situated on the plank road, about six and a half miles west from Hamilton. It was formerly a place of considerable business, but the rapid growth of Hamilton has thrown it into the shade; it is, however, beginning partially to recover itself through the enterprise of some of its inhabitants. Part of the village was destroyed by fire during 1845. It is intended to erect a cloth factory during the present year.

Population, about 150, who have an Episcopal Church and a Presbyterian do. There are also a grist and saw mill, one physician and surgeon, one lawyer,

one tannery, a foundry and manufactory for making carding and other machines, two stores, two groceries, two taverns, one blacksmith, two tailors, two shoemakers.

Post Office, post every day.

ANCASTER.

A Township in the Gore District, is bounded on the south-east by the townships of Barton and Glanford; on the north by Flamborough West and Beverly; and on the south-west by Onondaga and Brantford. In Ancaster, 41,850 acres are taken up, 17,952 of which are under cultivation. This is a triangular-shaped township, is well-settled, and contains some fine farms. The villages of Dundas and Ancaster are situated in it, and there are also two grist and six saw milla in the township.

Population in 1841, 2930.

Ratable property in the township, £68,212.

ANDERDON.

A Township in the county of Essex; is bounded on the north by the township of Sandwich; on the west by the Detroit river; on the south by the township of Malden; and on the east by the township of Colchester. In Anderdon 5675 acres are taken up, of which 1159 are cultivated. The river Canard runs through the township, and enters the Detroit River about midway between its northern and southern boundaries. Soil, fertile. The banks of the river are well settled. In the south-west of the township are three valuable lime-stone quarries, part of which belong to the Indians, and are leased to private individuals. Large quantities of lime are exported; giving employment to a great number of hands during the burning season. One person alone exported during the year 1844, 5000 barrels of lime, and 270 toise of stone; and the aggregate amount exported, would probably be fully half as much again.

There are in the township, two asheries. There is a good tavern on the Sandwich road, about two miles above Amherstburg.

Population, 608.

Ratable property in the township, £4772.

ANTRIM.

A small Village in the township of Howard, on Lake Erie, the shipping-port for the surrounding neighbourhood, contains storehouses for storing produce for shipment, a tavern, &c. Vessels are occasionally built and repaired here. Antrim is three and a half miles from Morpeth.

ARTEMISIA.

A Township in the Simcoe District; is bounded on the north by Euphrasia; on the west by Glenelg; on the south by Proton, and on the east by Melancthon. This township has been added to the Simcoe District since 1844; it is only just laid out, and is not yet opened for sale.

ARTHUR.

A Village in the township of Arthur, at the commencement of the Government settlement on the Owen Sound road, twelve miles above Fergus, on the Canastoga, a branch of the Grand River. Contains 22 inhabitants.

ARTHUR.

A Township in the Wellington District; is bounded on the east by the township of Luther; on the north by Egremont; on the west by Minto; and on the south by Maryborough and Peel. This township has only lately been laid out, and no return has yet been made from it. There are as yet but few settlers in it.

ASPHODEL.

A Township in the Colborne District; is bounded on the east by the townships of Seymour and Belmont; on the north by Dummer; on the west by Otonabee; and on the south by the River Trent. In Asphodel 18,441 acres are taken up, 3,315 of which are under cultivation. Much of the land in this township is covered with pine. The village of Norwood is situated in the east of the township, and there are also one grist and two saw-mills, and one distillery. Asphodel is principally settled by Irish Catholics. Seven hundred and fifty acres of crown lands are open for sale in the township, at 8s. c'y per acre. Population.

Ratable property in the township, £10,314.

ASHFIELD.

A Township in the Huron District, belonging to the crown. Is bounded on the north by crown lands; on the west by Lake Huron; on the south by the township of Colborne and on the east by Wawanosh. This township possesses

a fine climate and excellent soil, and is settling very fast. Nearly every lot along the lake shore is taken up. A town plot, comprising 600 acres, is laid out at the entrance of the River Ashfield into Lake Huron. The village is called Albert. A creek enters the lake at the north-west corner of the township. The River Ashfield enters the township at its north-east corner, runs nearly south till within about four miles of the south boundary, then makes a sharp bend, and runs west-south-west till it reaches the lake. In Ashfield 3,722 acres are taken up; of which 228 are under cultivation. There is in the township one saw-mill.

Population 266.

Ratable property in the township, £1,325. 68.

Government price for land in this township, 8s. currency per acre.

ATHOL.

A Township in the Prince Edward District; is bounded on the north by the township of Hallowell; on the East by Marysburgh; and on the south and west by Lake Ontario. Athol contains 22,154 acres, 9760 of which are under cultivation. A bay, called "East Lake," stretches nearly across the north of the township, from south-west to north-east; it is connected with Lake Ontario by means of a small channel. A range of high sand banks separates the body of the bay from the lake. The village of Bloomfield is situated in the north of this township. There are two water-grist and two saw mills, and one steamgrist mill in Athol.

Population in 1842, 1454.

Ratable property in the township, £23,429.

ATHERLY.

A Village in the towship of Mara, laid out in 1843, by Captain Creighton, just below the narrows of Lake Simcoe. There are but few settlers in it at present. There is some fine land in the neighbourhood.

AUGUSTA.

A Township in the Johnstown District; is bounded on the east by the township of Edwardsburgh; on the north by Oxford and Walford; on the west by Elizabethtown; and on the south by the river St. Lawrence. In Augusta, 44,313 acres are taken up, 17,823 of which are under cultivation. The land bordering on the St. Lawrence, in this township, is generally good; but the back of the township contains much poor land. In Augusta, there are 250 acres of Crown lands for sale. There are six saw mills, one grist mill, and four distilleries in the township. The town of Prescott is situated in the south-east corner of the township, on the St. Lawrence.

Ratable property in the township £69,168, which includes the town of Prescott.

AYLMER.

A Village in the township of Malahide, on the Talbot road, twelve miles from St. Thomas, pleasantly situated on Catfish creek, in the midst of a rolling country. It was commenced in 1835, and now contains about 260 inhabitants, who have a neat Baptist chapel.

Post Office, post three times a-week.

Professions and Trades.-One physician and surgeon, two tanneries, thre stores, three taverns; one ashery and saleratus factory, one watchmaker, two cabinet makers, two saddlers, four blacksmiths, three waggon makers, one tinsmith, four tailors, three shoemakers.

AYR.

A Village in the west of the township of Dumfries; situated on Smith's creek, or river Nith, ten miles from Galt. It was laid out in 1839. Population, 230. Ayr contains two churches, Presbyterian.

Post Office, post once a-week.

Professions and Trades.-One grist mill, fulling mill and carding machine, one tannery, two stores, one blacksmith, two shoemakers, two tailors, one cooper, two carpenters.

BAGOT AND blithefield.

Townships in the Bathurst District, which, being but little settled, are at present united together. Bagot lies to the north-east and Blithefield to the south-west. They have been formed out of the township of Madawaska; and are bounded on the north-east by McNab; on the north-west by Adamston; on the west by unsurveyed lands; and on the south-east by Levant and Darling. In Bagot and Blithefield 9,172 acres are taken up, 1,020 of which are under cultivation. In Bagot 65,900 acres, and in Blithefield 30,150 acres of crown lands are open for sale, at 8s. currency per acre. There is one saw-mill in the township. There is no return of population for these townships. Ratable property in the township, £4,047.

BALDOON.

A Settlement in the township of Dover, which was originally made under the auspices of the Earl of Selkirk, who caused a road to be cut out from the settlement to the river Thames. The situation, however, was not well chosen, being too low, and liable to ague, consequently it has not increased very fast, or made much progress in improvement.

BALSAM LAKE.

A Lake in the north-west of the Colborne District. The most northerly of a chain of lakes running through the Colborne and Newcastle Districts.

BARTON.

A Township in the Gore District; is bounded on the east by the township of Saltfleet; on the north by Lake Ontario and Burlington Bay; on the west by Ancaster; and on the south by Glanford. In Barton, 15,392 acres are taken up, 8993 of which are under cultivation. This township is small, but it is well settled, and a large portion of it is under cultivation. The land is generally good, although the soil on the banks of the lake and bay is light. Timber,maple, black walnut, beech, oak, &c., with a small quantity of pine. The town of Hamilton is situated in the township, on Burlington Bay. There are one grist and five saw mills in the township.

Population in 1841, 1434.

Ratable property in the township, £13,873.

BARTONVILLE.

A small Settlement in the township of Barton, situated on the St. Catherine's road, four miles from Hamilton. It contains two taverns and about ten houses.

BARRIE.

So called after Commodore Barrie, the District town of the Simcoe District : is beautifully situated at the head of Kempenfeldt Bay, in the township of Vespra, thirty-two miles from Holland Landing, and forty miles from Penetanguishine. Barrie was first settled in the year 1832; in 1837 it contained about twentyeight families. In 1843 the county of Simcoe, until then part of the Home District, was declared a separate district, with Barrie for its district town. Since then it has increased rapidly. The situation was well chosen and is healthy. Should the contemplated canal from the bay to Lake Huron, through Willow Creek and the Nottawasaga River, ever be formed, Barrie, which is now truly in the woods, will have uninterrupted water communication with the St. Lawrence. At present, the road from Barrie to the Holland Landing, is, in the spring and fall, almost impassable for waggons. The road to Penetanguishine is much better, running for the most part along a stony ridge of land. The mail, during the spring and autumn, is carried on horse-back; and through the summer, partly on horseback, and partly by water. A new steamboat, the Beaver," was launched during the summer of 1844: she is an excellent boat, and has good accommodation. The banks of the bay have a rather sombre appearance, being almost totally devoid of clearing: most of the timber on the banks is pine. Town lots, of a quarter of an acre, in the old survey (or original town-plot) are in the hands of private individuals, and sell at from £20 to £50, some higher. An addition has lately been made to the town-plot, and the lots in the new survey sell at from £5 to £12 10s. each; they are mostly in the hands of the Crown. The public buildings are the jail and court-house. The jail is a handsome stone building; the court-house is of brick, and has no beauty to boast of; the two cost the district nearly £9,000. There are three churches and chapels: viz. one Episcopal and two Methodist. There is an excellent district school (where private pupils are taken); a mechanics' institute, and a cricket club.

66

The inhabitants are principally English, Irish and Scotch, and number about 500.

The following government and district offices are kept in Barrie Judge of District Court, Sheriff, Clerk of Peace, Registrar, Inspector of Licenses, Crown Lands Agent, District Clerk, Clerk of District Court, Deputy Clerk of Crown.

Professions and Trades.—One physician and surgeon, one lawyer, six stores, three tanneries, one surveyor, three taverns, four blacksmiths, one waggon maker, one baker, one saddler, one cabinet maker, one watchmaker, six shoemakers, three tailors, two butchers, one bank agency "Upper Canada." Agent for Home District Mutual Fire Insurance Company.-W. B. Smith. Steamboat Fares:

......

8s. 9d.

To Holland Landing...... 8s. 9d. c'y. To Orillia To ditto by Orillia .........11s. 3d. Shorter distances in proportion. Principal Tavern." The Queen's Arms."

BARRYFIELD.

A Village in the township of Pittsburg, situated on the Cataraqui Bay, opposite Kingston. It is irregularly built on a rising ground, having a blue limestone foundation. From the high ground in the neighbourhood of the village, on which Fort Henry is situated, a fine view may be obtained of the bay, Lake Ontario, Kingston, and the surrounding country. Barryfield contains about 300. inhabitants, two small stores, three taverns, two blacksmiths, and one shoemaker.

B