Logic in Its Application to Language

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Walton and Maberly, 1856 - 282 páginas
 

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Practice in columns Words capable of forming both Subjects and Predicates
23
Practice in columns Words capable of forming both Predicates and Copulas
24
Practice in columns Words capable of forming only parts of Terms
25
Propositions Universal or Particular
26
16 Differences between the logical and philological
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PAGE
33
22
37
Manyworded Copulas Negative element com pound
57
Propositions isolate or connectedBECAUSE 31 Propositions isolate or connectedIFAND
60
Propositions isolate or connectedAs or SINCE FOR THEN
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Propositions isolate or connectedBUT 34 Sketch of the structure of the Ordinary Syllogism its mechanism
62
35 Structure of the Ordinary Syllogism Combina tion of Propositions Mood 36 Structure of the Ordinary Syllogism Combina
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tions of Terms Figure
75
tions of Propositions and of Terms considered together Mood and Figure
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38 Structure of the Ordinary Syllogism White Socrates Some
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39 Structure of the Ordinary Syllogism Quantity or Extent of the Predicate
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40 Operations on the Ordinary SyllogismStrength ening and Weakening 41 Operations on the Ordinary SyllogismConver
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sion and Reduction 995
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42 Structure of the Syllogism illustrated by treat
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44 Propositions Categoric or Hypothetic
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47 Rationale of the Ordinary Syllogism Its Terms
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50 Rationale of the Ordinary Syllogism The Mid
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Pronouns Names of Substances How far Indi vidual
113
Pronouns the Names of Substances How far Com
114
Pronouns the Names of Substances Simply Nota tive Denotative The Attribute they denote that of Relation
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Pronouns as compared with Proper Names
116
Pronouns as compared with Adjectives
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52 The Moods Mood and Figure A Real and
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119 Criticism Use of the Word Noun
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120 Criticism Plurality and Nonplurality of Attri
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54 The Middle Term as Contained and Containing
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57
133
59 Recapitulation
135
60
137
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138
62
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63 Certain Aristotelian Syllogisms overstrong Con clusions A FORTIORI
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64 Syllogisms in which both the Premises are Par ticular
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Two or more Propositions disguised as
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Propositions as Parts of Terms
147
Extent to which Language consists of Propositions Extracts
148
Criticism
153
PART II
157
NAMES 69 Names Individual or Common
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Individual Names Singular
160
The Universe Positive and Negative Names Noneffective Negative Names
177
The Universe Its Limitations
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83
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85
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PAGE
186
86
188
Concrete Names the Names of Substances Ab stract the Names of Attributes
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Abstract Names of different Degrees of Generality
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Abstract Names how far Individual
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Attributewhy a better Term than QualityAt tribute of a Quantity
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Attribute of Relation
199
Convertible Names
201
Notation or Denotation and Connotation In dividual Names not Connotative
204
Notation c Common Names connotative Cha racteristics or essential Attributes
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Difference of view respecting the characteristics of Classes
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Relation between Names and Classes The Class growing out of the Name
212
Relations c The Name growing out of the Class
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Definitions
217
Classification by Type
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Equivocal Names
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PART III
222
Parts of Speech Number Criteria c
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Parts of Speech Criteria
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Parts of Speech Criterion the Place of a Word in a Proposition Categorematic Syncategore matic and Hypercategorematic Words
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Categorematics c
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Categorematics
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Categorematic Words Nominal Subjective and QuasiNominal Predicative
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Names Convertible or Inconvertible Pronouns or Substantives
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118
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122
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The Article
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The Substantive
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The Adjective 126 The Adjective Its relation to the Participle and the Verb States and Actions 127 The Verb 128 The Participle 129 Adverbs
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129
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135
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130 Prepositions 131 Conjunctions 132 YES and No 133 Interjections 134 Inflection 135 Inflection Number 136 Inflection Gender 137 Inflectio...
271
Inflection of Verbs Conjugation
272
Criticism
273
Determination of Forms by Inflection
274
Criticism
275
Pronouns and Participles as compared with Sub stantives and Adjectives
276
Recapitulation
277
Place of the Article
280
Development of Inflections Conclusion
281

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Página 108 - That whatever can be affirmed (or denied) of a class, may be affirmed (or denied) of everything included in the class.
Página 103 - Incomplex apprehension is of one object or of several, without any relation being perceived between them, as of ' a man] ' a horse,' ' cards.' Complex is of several, with such a relation, as of ' a man on horseback,'
Página 30 - Language is an instrument of human reason, and -*- not merely a medium for the expression of thought, is a truth generally admitted.
Página 195 - Such is even the word whiteness itself, in respect of the different shades of whiteness to which it is applied in common ; the word magnitude, in respect of the various degrees of magnitude and the various dimensions of space ; the word weight, in respect of the various degrees of weight. Such also is the word attribute itself, the common name of all particular attributes. But when only one attribute, neither variable in degree nor in kind...
Página 109 - C, or an inch, and apply it to each of them; if it agree with them both, then I infer that A and B are equal; but if it agree with one, and not with the other, then I conclude A and B are unequal: if it agree with neither of them, there can be no comparison. So if the question be whether God must be worshipped...
Página 50 - The Masculine Gender is more worthy than the Feminine, and the Feminine more worthy than the Neuter.
Página 103 - Language affords the signs by which these operations of the mind are expressed and communicated. An act of apprehension expressed in language, is called a term; an act of judgment, a proposition ; an act of reasoning, an argument ; (which, when regularly expressed, is a syllogism...

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