of land have been formed by the deposits of that river. The whole state of Louisiana is a country but just emerging from the water; and as the Mississippi is ascended, the banks of the river gradually rise and again descend towards the swamps. The Mississippi in all its alluvial region may be considered as a river running on the top of a hill 24 feet in its highest position, the base is three miles in its average diameter, and reposes on the swamps, which are about nine feet above the marshes on the sea-shore, for a distance of 215 miles up the river. From all that has been explored of the Mississippi river, it is evident that what has escaped over its banks in its overflowings never returns to it again. Hence some idea might, perhaps, be formed of the enormous beds of timber, leaves, and other substances spread over the plains by its waters, if it was but known how long the Mississippi had been floating them over to the lower country. This inference might be grounded upon the quantity constantly seen going into the Achafalaya river, where several hundreds of miles are converted into solid rafts of wood, and these disappear every two or three years under beds of sand and leaves, by which the bed of the Achafalaya is alternately removed four or five miles to the east, or two or three to the west, but mostly to the east, where it has gained more than ten miles since it became an outlet of the Mississippi. Lest any one should hear with incredulity of the enormous quantity of wood spread over the country inundated by the river Achafalaya, which receives it from the Mississippi, Mr Bringier observes, that he landed at the mouth of that river in 1812, (the river itself is but a mouth-branch of the Mississippi,) when it was at its fullest, and he counted the large trees which were perpetually carried into its current in a given time, and found them to amount to 8000 cubic feet in a minute. To these may be added the leaves, bark, reeds, and muddy sediment, making, on a moderate calculation, 36 cubic miles of deposit annually. The beds of drift wood at the heads of the islands in the Mississippi will give some idea of the quantity of wood brought down the stream of that river. The large raft at Red River is 60 miles in length, and in many places 15 in breadth, in some places composed of pines heaped together, and in others of cedars matted together with their leaves into compact rafts. Hence mineral coal and bituminous bodies are no doubt formed. Under this raft numerous small streams disappear, and show themselves again several miles off. A vast portion of land is no doubt formed in this way, and that part of America is gradually rising to a higher level.

New Plant. A plant of the Abor Iristis has recently been brought to England

from the coast of Malabar. This curious exotic, about nine o'clock in the evening, is covered all over with flowers of a beautiful white colour, and a most delicate smell.

Statuary Marble.-Some remarkably fine statuary, and other marble quarries, have lately been discovered at Scravazza, in Tuscany, much superior to any thing of the kind at Carrara, which threatens to rival and lower the pride of the latter-mentioned place. His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Tuscany gives great encouragement and protection, both to commerce and the fine arts, within his dominions.

Sailing Carriage.-A machine, invented by a gentleman of Christ College, Cam. bridge, was lately tried at Newmarket. In shape it is nearly that of an isosceles triangle, and it moves with the broad end forward, on four wheels. It has a boom 32 feet long, and an excceding high mast. It will carry twelve persons at the rate of 30 miles an hour. To the axle of the hinder wheels is fixed a rudder. It can go on a wind, and tack as a vessel at sea, and is capable of being so correctly guided that the pilot, at pleasure, can run the wheels over a stone.

Horticulture. There is in the garden of Dr Wingate, at Stirling, a remarkable proof of the superiority of inoculating fruit-trees to ingrafting. An inoculation, performed in 1819, has this year no less than 14 apples on it in the space of 13 inches. The inoculation is a Cheswick codlin on a golden pippin.

Singular Effect of Lightning.-On Thursday week an elderly man, residing near the Hospital, in Perth, who, for many years, was subject to a violent tremor over all his frame, supposed to have been a paralytic affection, suddenly recovered the use of his limbs, during the storm of thunder and lightning which visited the city that day, and at the moment of reflection of the electric fluid was ob served in the room. His hands, which formerly shook very much, are now quite steady.

Philology.-A Dictionary of the Chinese Language is now publishing at Macao, to consist of three parts; first, Chinese and English, arranged according to the Radicals; next, English and Chinese; and lastly, Chinese and English, arranged Alphabetically. Dr R. Morrison, the author of the above work, has directed his attention to the collection of materials for it during the last thirteen years. The Honourable East India Company has generously undertaken the whole expence of printing and paper for an edition of seven hundred and fifty copies. The Chinese language, whether viewed in itself, its peculiar structure, or with respect to its anti

quity, it having been for nearly 4000 years the language of so large a portion of the human species, and still being the written medium, in private and in public life, in literature, in arts, and in government, of the most extensive empire on earth, seems to deserve the attention of every inquisitive and curious mind.

Society of Arts.-The Society of Arts, &c. has bestowed on C. F. Palmer, Esq. M. P. two large gold medals, and a large silver medal, for planting 280 acres with 893,420 forest trees, and 30,700 oaks for timber; and for sowing 216 bushels of acorns on 240 acres. A large gold medal to T. Wilkinson, Esq. of Fitzroy-square, for sowing 240 bushels of acorns on 260 acres. The Ceres gold medal, to Sir W. T. Pole, Bart. Shute-house, near Axminster, for raising 896,000 oaks from acorns. To H. Potts, Esq. the large silver medal, for planting 194 acres with 528,240 forest trees;-and to E. Dawson, Esq. the large gold medal, for embanking 166 acres of marsh land from the sea. The gold medal was also given to Mr J. Perkins, for an invention of instruments to ascertain the trim of a ship, whether loaded or unloaded, at sea or in harbour; and the same gentleman received the large silver medal, for the discovery of a method of ventilating the holds of ships, and warming and venti lating apartments.

French Literature. The printing presses of Paris are at this time in great activity; many great and expensive series are in course of publication, and many orginal works are announced. The sale of books is favourable to these extensive speculations. Among the number of works thus in progress are:

A pocket edition of the English Poets, in sixty volumes, to be edited by Sir John Byerley.

A pocket edition of the Latin Classics, in sixty-two volumes.

An edition of Oriental Works, in Sanscrit, Persian, Arabic, &c. engraved in the lithographic manner.

The Natural History of Mammiferous Animals, by MM. St Hilaire and Cuvier.

The Anatomy of Man, by MM. Beclard and Cloquet, with 240 engravings in lithography, by Count Lasteyrie, whose lithographic performances are the wonder of all Europe.

Reports of the Speeches and Opinions delivered in the Public Assemblies of France between 1789 and 1815, in 21 volumes; forming a body of political opinions and senatorial eloquence without parallel.

The Chevalier Dupin's great work on the Public Establishments of Great Britain is in progress, the naval part being now in the press. This work is a compliment to our nation which has never been exceeded,

and merits the attention and respect of every British patriot.

Most of the Books of Education, on the English interrogative system, have been printed or are translating with all expedition in France, for the use of the public and other schools.

General Joubert is printing an account of his travels and sufferings in Persia, which have a general interest for the variety of their information.

Italy. Canova has just finished a master-piece on the subject of Theseus slaying a Centaur.

German Literature.-M. Gau, the architect, a native of Cologne, has just entered into an engagement with Cotta, the bookseller at Stutgard, for the publication of his Travels in Egypt, Nubia, and Palestine. The drawings represent ancient monuments altogether unknown till now. This is the first tour of the kind undertaken by a German, and the result will add greatly to the honour of the country, and of those concerned in this publication.

In literature much business has been done, and notwithstanding the restrictions laid by the Congress on the liberty of the press, the general complaint of there being little demand for books, owing to the general depression on the minds of the people, from the circumstances which always succeed a long war, we learn by the Leipsic half-yearly Universal Catalogue, that 393 German booksellers have delivered no less than 3322 new articles. This far exceeds the publication of former years, a sign that human learning, in spite of various hindrances, stands higher and higher in the scale of perfection, and reflects great honour on the author, publisher, printer, and engraver, whose industry must produce the happiest effects on the public mind in the civilized parts of the world.-Among these publications are:

704 Pedagogical Books of Instruction; 172 Child's, Juvenile, and School Books; 11 Introductions to Writing, and Specimen of Penmanship; 204 Philological and Universal Grammar; 21 Antiquities; 35 on Perfection in the German Language; 350 on Learning Modern Languages; 42 on Arithmetic; 32 on Mathematics; 7 on Astronomy; 136 on Geography and Statistics; 73 Charts; 10 Atlases; 8 on Universal History of Nature; 235 on Medicine and Surgery for Men and Animals. -From the Muses, 74 Poems; single and collections; with 58 Plays to cheer the Miscellaneous mind and heart; 252 Works, to employ and misemploy the times, among which are 157 Romances and Novels; 18 of Play and Gaming Treatises, for small and great children; 225 on Theolgy, Religious Instruction, Dogmatic, Catholic, and Israelitish, for the cultivation of the mind and heart, and

to give us a more perfect idea of the invisible power and wisdom of God; with 45 on the Art and Science of destructive War. The number of Works of Pulpit Eloquence appear to be on the decline.

Translations of Gifford's Abridgment of Blackstone, Ivanhoe, Kenilworth, and the Cavalier, are publishing at Leipzic, &c. The Brothers Wilmans, of Frankfort on the Main, are publishing prospects of Hamburgh, Lubeck, and Bremen, in addition to their views of Frankfort, with topographical descriptions, by learned residents of the respective places, which do them great honour; and in regard to the painter and engravers, they need not blush to

have their works placed in comparison with the landscapes of Hearne, Byrne, Middiman, and Heath.

Messrs Perthes and Besser, of Hamburgh, have published an excellent translation of Thomson's Liberty, by a Clergyman, with elaborate illustrative notes.

Professor Zimmerman, of the Gymnasium of Hamburgh, has finished the first three months' delivery of the Dramatic Criticisms, which he commenced in January in quarto numbers.

The pocket editions of Sir Walter Scott and Lord Byron, published at Zwickan, in Upper Saxony, meet with many admirers on the continent,

MR BELLCHAMBERS will soon publish a corrected edition of the Life of Colley Cibber, the dramatist.

Mr Charles Marsh, late M. P. for Worksop, is preparing Memoirs of the late Mr Windham, drawn up from his own papers.

A History of Rome, from the Accession of Augustus to the Death of Antoninus the Younger, will soon appear, from the pen of Mr W. Haygarth. It fills up the chasm between Hooke and Gibbon, and, if well executed, will prove a desirable work.

A History of Brazil, with numerous engravings, is in preparation, by Mr James Henderson.

Mr Hansard, the printer, is employed on a History of his Art, with an account of the various improvements lately made in Great Britain, for the use of printers and others, with numerous engravings in wood.

Mrs Taylor, of Ongar, is engaged on a tale in verse, called Temper.

The Specches of the Right Hon. Henry Grattan are about to be printed, in four volumes octavo, with Memoirs by his Son.

Mr Bewick, the celebrated engraver on wood, has been for some time past engaged in preparing for the press, a Supplement to his work on British Birds. The addition printed in 1805 comprises descriptions of sixty-four species wanting figures, and in the subsequent editions but few additions have been made. The third volume of Montagu's Ornithological Dictionary, published in 1813, contains thirty birds which were not known either as permanent inhabitants or temporary visitants of this kingdom, eight years previous to that period, making in all ninety-four species, or strong

ly marked varieties, of which no very accurate representations are to be met with, except a few scattered through the Linnæan Transactions and Sowerby's Miscellany, or included in the first number of Mr Selby's splendid publication. Of these, Mr Bewick has already delineated thirty-two with that accuracy of outline, truth to natural habit, and delicacy of execution, which render all his works so highly interesting to the naturalist.

The Miscellaneous Tracts of the late Dr Withering, F. R. S., with Memoirs of the Author by Wm. Withering, Esq. &c. &c. embellished with a portrait, are nearly ready for publication.

In a few days will be published, a Poetical Essay on the Character of Pope, by Charles Lloyd.

Mr Haigh, of the Classical School, Kitt's End, near Barnet, has a new work in the press, entitled, the Theory and Practice of Latin Inflexion, being examples in the form of copy-books for declining and conjugating Nouns and Verbs: the words being arranged systematically, and changed at each case of a Noun and each person of a Verb.

The Rev. John Campbell, Kingsland, London, is about to publish a second volume of Travels, containing an Account of his Second Visit to South Africa.

The first volume of Mr A. T. Thomson's Lectures on Botany is almost ready for publication. It will contain the descriptive anatomy and physiology of those organs which are necessary for the growth and preservation of the plant as an individual; and will be illustrated by more than one hundred wood-cuts and ten copperplates. It is intended to form the first

part of a complete System of Elementary Botany.

Dr Conquest will publish, in a few weeks, a second and enlarged edition of his Outlines of Midwifery, &c. with copperplate instead of lithographic engravings.

Dr Carey has in the press, the Greek Terminations, including the Dialects and Poetical Licences, in alphabetical order, with explanatory References to the Grammar, on the same plan as his "Clue for Young Latinists," lately published.

The History of Little Johnny, the Foundling of the late Doctor Syntax, a Poem, in eight monthly numbers, will be commenced on the 1st of August, and continued monthly. Each part will contain three coloured engravings by T. Rowlandson, Esq. and thirty-two pages of letterpress by the Author of the Three Tours of Doctor Syntax,-in Search of the Picturesque of Consolation-and of a Wife.

A History of Madeira, with a series of 27 coloured engravings, illustrative of the Manners, Customs, and Occupations of the Inhabitants of that Island, is preparing for early publication.

In the course of the ensuing month, a second series of Sermons in Manuscript Character, for the use of Young Divines and Candidates for Holy Orders, will be published by the Rev. R. Warner, Rector of Great Chalfield, Wilts, and author of "Sermons on the Epistles, Gospels," &c.; and of "Old Church of England Principles," &c. The second series treats of Christian Virtues; and will consist (like the former series on Christian Doctrines) of Ten Sermons.

The Rev. Edward Chichester will soon publish a professional work, in three octavo volumes, entitled, Deism compared with Christianity.

Mr John Cochrane announces a Treatise on the Game of Chess, in an octavo volume, illustrated by numerous diagrams.

Mr T. Lynn will publish in September, and continue annually, a work called Star Tables and Ephemeris for 1822, for the more easily determining the Latitude and Longitude at Sea, during the Night. It will exhibit at sight the apparent times of the passage over the meridian of 61 of the principal Fixed Stars for every day of the year, with their particular meridional altitudes in the parallel of certain harbours and dangers.

Mr Nicholson's popular Elements of Pure and Mixed Mathematics have been delayed by unavoidable circumstances, but will appear in the course of the autumn.

Mr John Frank Newton has in the press a classical work on the Banishment of Ovid, by the Emperor Augustus, under the title of "The Three Enigmas."

A Member of the late Salter's Hall Congregation has in the press, a work address> ed to the Old Members of that Society, in which some of the Errors of the Rev. Dr Collyer are stated and corrected.

Sir George Naylor, by command of the King, is preparing an extensive work, with engravings, descriptive of the late gorgeous ceremony of the coronation.

EDINBURGH.

A Report of the Trial in the Cause, Scott v. M'Gavin, (the Protestant,) in the Jury Court, Edinburgh, on the 25th ultimo, taken in short-hand by Mr Dow.

Dr Hooker, Professor of Botany in the University of Glasgow, is employed in collecting materials for a work on Exotic Vegetables, which, under the title of Select Plants, is intended to comprise such individuals (principally cultivated in the rich collection of the Botanic Establishment of Glasgow) as recommend themselves by their history, their novelty, or some remarkable and little known characters in their flowers and fruit.

logue of Books for 1820, containing a Miscellaneous Collection, Ancient and Modern.

A new descriptive Catalogue of Minerals; by J. Mawe. 12mo. 7s. bds.

BOTANY.

Elements of the Philosophy of Plants; containing the Scientific Principles of Botany, &c. with Practical Illustrations; by A. P. Decandolle and K. Sprengell. 8vo. 15s.

CHEMISTRY.

One Thousand Experiments in Chemistry, accompanied by Practical Observations and several thousand Processes, in the Useful Arts, dependant on that Science; by Colin Mackenzie. 8vo. L. 1, 1s. bds.

DRAMA.

Damon and Pythias, a Tragedy. 8vo. 3s. Gd.

Love's Dream. 2s.

EDUCATION.

Leçons de Françaises de Litterature et de Morale; ou Recueil en prose des plus beaux Morceaux de la langue Française dans la Litterature des deux derniers Siècles; par M. Noel. 8vo. 10s. bds.

The Moralist; or Essays on the Means of Moral Education, addressed to Parents; by the Rev. John Phillips Potter, M. A. 12mo. 4s. bds.

Cours Elementaire de Litterature generale; ou Analyse Raisonnée des differens genres de Compositions littéraires et des Meilleurs ouvrages Classiques; par M. de Bouillon. 12mo. 5s. bds.

An Introduction to Arithmetic, on a System never before published; the principles of which are calculated to facilitate the improvement of the Pupil, and to lessen the labour of the Teacher; by George Gregory. 4s. bd.

A Key to Gregory's Arithmetic; to which is affixed a Compendium of Logarithmic Arithmetic; by the same Author. 12mo. 4s.

FINE ARTS.

Part IX. of Portraits of the British Poets; containing Six Portraits, four of which have never before been engraved. 8vo. royal paper 14s. proofs on India paper and 4to. L. 1, 8s.

Part VI. of Nash's Views in Paris. 4to, 16s., large paper 30s.

Part III. of Kenilworth Illustrated. 4to, 10s. 6d. sewed.

Lithographic Prints of Kenilworth; by W. H. Smith, oblong. 5s. sewed.

The Beauties of Cambria; consisting of Sixty Views of Sublime and Picturesque Scenery, in the twelve Counties of the Principality; engraved on wood, from correct drawings on the spot; by H. Hughes; published in parts, each containing ten views, at 10s. 6d.

HISTORY.

A Ten Years' Residence in France, dur

ing the severest part of the Revolution; from the Year 1787 to 1797; containing Anecdotes of some of the most remarkable Personages of that period; by Charlotte West. 8vo. 5s. 6d.

Ten Years' Exile: Fragments of an unpublished work, composed in the Years 1810, 11, 12, and 13; by Madame de Stael; now first published from the origi nal MS. by her Son. Translated from the French. 8vo.

LAW.

Vol. III. of Hansard's Parliamentary Debates, which commences with the Accession of his present Majesty.

MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Observations on certain affections of the Head, commonly called Head-ache; with a view to their more complete elucidation, prevention, and cure, together with some brief Remarks on Digestion and Indiges tion; by James Farmer, Surgeon. 18mo.

2s.

No. IX. of the Quarterly Journal of Foreign Medicine and Surgery, and with the Sciences connected with them. 8vo. 3s. 6d.

An Account of the Rise, Progress, and Decline, of the Fever lately Epidemical in Ireland; together with communications from Physicians in the Provinces, and various Official Documents; by F. Barker, M. D., and I. Cheyne, M.D. F. R. S. &c. 2 vols. 8vo. L. 1, 6s.

Annals, Historical and Medical, during the first four years of the Universal Dispensary for Children, St Andrew's Hill, Doctors' Commons; by John Bunnell Davis, M. D. 8vo. 12s. bds.

Rules and Methods for Feeding, Clothing, and Kearing Young Children; by the same. 8d.

A Treatise on Scrofula, describing the Morbid Alteration it produces in the Structure of all the different parts of the Body, and the best method of treating it; by Eusebius Arthur Lloyd, Surgeon. 8vo. 9s.

Observations on some of the General Principles and on the Particular Nature and Treatment of the different species of Inflammation; by J. H. James. 8vo. 10s. 6d. bds.

The Physician's Guide; being a popu lar Dissertation on Fevers, Inflammations, and all Diseases connected with them; comprising observations on the use and abuse of Blood-letting, Mercury, Cathartics, Stimulants, Diets, &c. &c.; by Adam Dods, M. D. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

A Practical Essay on Ring-worm of the Scalp, Scald Head, and the other species of Porrigo, with a view to establish the Treatment of the Diseases on sound and efficient Principles; by Samuel Plumbe. 8vo. 7s. 6d. coloured plates.

MISCELLANIES.

Enchiridion, or a Hand for the one