FOR ADDITIONAL READING

J. A. Fairlie, British War Administration (1918). H. L. Gray, War Time Control of Industry (1918). F. L. McVey, The Financial History of Great Britain, 1914–1918 (1918). Joseph R. Smith, The Influence of the Great War on Shipping (1918). E. L. Bogart, Direct and Indirect Costs of the Great World War (1920). A. F. Pollard, The Commonwealth at War (1918). Sir W. Raleigh, England and the War (1919). A. Gleason, Inside the British Isles (1917). T. W. Wile, Explaining the Britishers (1919). Viscount Bryce, Democracy (1919).

Labor. Arthur Henderson, The Aims of Labor (1918). P. W. Kellogg and Arthur Gleason, British Labor and the War (1919). S. G. Hobson, Guild Principles in Peace and War (1918). A. R. Orage and S. G. Hobson, National Guilds (1918). Sidney and Beatrice Webb, A History of Trade Unionism (new ed., 1919). Bertrand Russell, Proposed Roads to Freedom (1919).

Biography. "An independent Liberal," Lloyd George and the War (1918). Walter Roch, Mr. Lloyd George and the War (1920). H. Spender, The Prime Minister: an Authoritative Biography (1917).

David Lloyd George, The Great Crusade (1918), a collection of speeches during the War. Jan C. Smuts, War Time Speeches (1917).

Ireland. Barker, Turner and Hackett as above. In addition to the works in Turner's bibliography the following may be consulted: James Connolly, Labor in Irish History (1919); George Creel, Ireland's Fight for Freedom (1919); F. P. Jones, A History of the Sinn Fein Movement and the Irish Rebellion of 1916 (1916); Sir Horace Plunkett, Ireland in the New Century (1904); W. B. Wells and N. Marlowe, A History of the Irish Convention and Sinn Fein (1919); Rev. Walter McDonald, Some Questions of Peace and War with Special Reference to Ireland (1920); Stephen Gwynn, A History of John Redmond's Last Years (1919).

For the Dominions and the War and India, see ch. LVII. See also J. C. Hopkins, Canada at War (1919); Eleanor Egan, The War in the Cradle of the World (1919); Edward Daines, The British Campaigns in the Nearer East (1919) and The British Campaigns in Africa and the Pacific (1919). The Round Table is particularly valuable for war time conditions in the Dominions and throughout the Empire.

The Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defense has projected a history of the Great War in all its phases, based on official documents; vol. I, by Sir Julian Corbett, on Naval Operations (to the Battle of the Falkland Islands) with accompanying maps, has already appeared.

A

Aberdeen, Lord, Foreign Sec-
retary and Premier, 673, 682,
683, 685

Abhorrers, the, 381

Abjuration Act, the, 443
Aboukir Bay, 597

Abraham, the Plains of, 501
Acadia, see Nova Scotia

Accession Declaration Act, the,

757
Acre, 81, 597

Adams, John, 540

Adams, John Quincy, 628
Addington, Henry, Lord Sid-
mouth, 599, 601
Addison, Joseph, 559

Addled Parliament, the, 292
Admiralty, Court of, 708

INDEX

Alabama Claims, the, 710
Alabama, the cruiser, 692
Alaska boundary, the, 766
Albemarle, Duke of, see Monck,
George

Anglo-Saxon period, the, revived
interest in the study of, 738
Anglo-Saxons, the, conversion of,
22; manner of living among,
42-51

Albert, Prince Consort, 664, 679, Aniline dyes, 740
680, 691, 692
Anjou, 69, 91

Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, Annapolis (Port Royal), 458

see Edward VII

Annates, 101; Act of, 208

Albert, King of the Belgians, Anne of Bohemia, Queen of

828, 829 note, 852

Alberta, province of, 766
Aldermen, 85, 659

Alehouses, 50, 146, 296, 405
Alexander III, King of Scotland,
113

Alexander of Parma, 254, 257,
259, 260

Richard II, 151, 157
Anne of Cleves, 217, 219
Anne of Denmark, 286
Anne, Princess, 396, 431, 435;

see Anne, Queen of England
Anne, Queen of England, reign
of, 443-461
Annual Parliaments, 667

Alexander I, Tsar of Russia, 599, Anselm, Saint, 62, 63, 64
602, 606, 612, 626

Admonitions to Parliament, 256 Alexandra, Queen, 694

Adrian IV, Pope, 74

Adrian VI, Pope, 197, 198

Adullamites, the, 696
Æthelbert, 22, 23, 31
Æthelfrith, 23
Ethelred, 20

Ethelred, the Redeless, 35, 36
Afghanistan, 673, 786, 787, 792
Africa, British advance in, 774
Africa, German East, 896

Alfred, the Great, King of the

West Saxons, 30-32, 50, 51
Algeciras Conference, the, 808
Alien Bill, the, 584

Ali, Mehemet, 629, 780

Anti-Corn Law Movement, the,
666, 668, 670

Antiseptic surgery, 739

Antrim, 758

Antwerp, fall of, 838

Anzacs, the, 841, 893

Apology of the Commons, 289

Appellant, see Lords Appellant

Allegiance, oaths of, 289, 379, Appeals, Act of, 208

425, 624

Allenby, General (later Marshal, Apprentices, 409, 411, 705;

Viscount), 898, 899

Allotments Acts, 742, 743

Africa, German Southwest, 895- Alva, Duke of, 250, 251, 253,

Americans, in the World War, Area, the, of the British Empire,
see United States
Amherst, General, 503
Amicable Loan, the, 198
Amiens, the peace of, 599
Anesthesia, discovery of, 739
Angevin (an'jevin) dynasty, the,
beginning of, 71

Arimathea, Joseph of, 15

Arkwright, Richard, 550
Arles, Synod of, 15

Armada, the Spanish, 259-261

Angles, their invasion of Britain, Armagh (ar'mah'), Archbishop

of, 380; county of, 758

Aix-la-Chapelle, the peace of, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the, 32, Armed neutrality, 535, 598

21

48, 49

Argonne Forest, 851, 852, 853

Armenian massacres, 818
Armistice, in the World War,
852-854

Arms, Assize of, 78

Army, the parliamentary and
royal, in the Civil War, 329,
330; struggle with Parliament,
338-340; under Charles I,
362; reforms in 1904, 754;
crisis in Ulster, 759, 760, see
also New Model and Standing
Army

Army Act, the, 424

seven-

Army Council, of the New
Model, 338; of 1904, 754
Army officers' commissions, 707
Army plots, the, 322, 323, 324
Arnold, Matthew, 732
Arras, battle of, 848
Art, Anglo-Saxon, 49;
teenth century, 420; Vic-
torian, 743; see also Painting
Art of Colonization, the, 763
Artevelde, van, Jacques, 128
Arthur, legendary, British king,
61, 129, 148, 192
Arthur, Prince, nephew of John,
89, 90

Arthur, Prince, son of Henry VII,
186, 203

Articles of Faith, the Ten, 213;
the Six, 216, 219; the Forty-
two, 234; the Thirty-nine,
249, 729

Aryan "race," 9
Ascham (as'kam) Roger, 227,
228, 278

Ashbourne Act, 715

Ashburton boundary treaty, 675
Ashley, Lord, 656, 657, 670, see
Cooper

Aske, Robert, 214
Asiento, 459, 478
Asquith, Herbert Henry, Prime
Minister, 755, 756, 757, 759;
assumes the Secretaryship of
War, 760; declaration regard-

against Thomas Seymour, 233;
against Strafford, 322; against
Fenwick, 434; against Boling-
broke, 465

Balliol College, 106
Bank of England, 436, 437, 590
Bank Charter Act, 669
Bannockburn, 122

Audit of Accounts, 134, 163, Barber Surgeons, 146
370, 576

Barbon, Nicholas, 416
Barebones Parliament, 349
Baring, Evelyn, Lord Cromer,
782-784, 896

Barnet, battle, of, 177
Barons, conflicts with John, 93–
97; with Henry III, 100-103;
with Edward II, 121, 122
Barrier treaty, 459
Barrows, 9, 11
Batavian Republic, 589 |
Bate case, 290
Bath, health resort, 412
Batta, 785

Battle, trial by, 78
Bayeux Tapestry, 41
Beachy Head, battle of, 427
Beaton, Cardinal, 232, 241, 242
Beatty (be'ty), Admiral Sir

Auerstädt, battle of, 602
Augusta, Princess, 507, 508
Augustine, 23
Austen, Jane, 639
Australia, 682, 768-771; military
system of, 891; in the World
War, 856, 893-894
Austria, in the Seven Years'
War, 495, 496, 503, 504; in
the French Revolution, 583-
585; in the French and Napo-
leonic wars, 588, 589, 591,
592, 597, 598, 601, 605, 607;
in Italy and Quadruple Alli-
ances, 612, 613; aids in
suppressing revolutions, 626,
627; in relation to Crimean
War, 684, 686; and the War
for Italian unity, 688-689;
in the Danish War, 693, 694;
defeated by Prussia, 7c0; in
the League of the Three
Emperors, 800; in the Russo- Beaufort, Cardinal Henry, 170
Turkish War, 801-804; in Becket, St. Thomas, 72-74, 145,
the Triple Alliance, 804; seizes
Bosnia and Herzegovina, 820;
in the Balkan War settlement,
822-823; demands of, on
Serbia in 1914, 824-827; in
the campaign of 1914, 839;
in 1915, 839-840, 843; in
1916, 846; surrender of, 843
Austrian Succession, the War of,
480, 482-484, 489, 490
Austro-Prussian War, 700
Avice, see Isabel
Avignon, 150
Avranches, 75

B

(later Lord David), 858, 863
Beaufort (bō'fort) Edmund,
Duke of Somerset, 170, 171,
172

149, 215

Bedchamber question, 663, 664
Bede, the Venerable, 26, 48
Bedford, Dukes of, see John and
Russell

Belfast, 6, 758
Belgæ, 10

Belgium, 630, 631, 823; British
support of, against German
violation, 827-830, 834; in
the campaign of 1914, 835-
839; in the campaign of
1918, 850, 852; in the Armis-
tice, 854; see Ostend and
Zeebrugge

Belgrade, bombarded, 825-826

Bell, Andrew, 706

Bacon, Francis, 279, 296, 297, Belleau Wood, 851

ing Balkan states, 821; states Babington's plot, 259
British War aims, 834-835;
his policy, 865; admits Con-
servatives to Cabinet, 867;
resignation of, 867-868

416, 737

Bacon, Roger, 106, 107

Bell, Henry, 634

Bellerophon, the, 612

Benares, the Rájá of, 572

Baden-Powell (bay'den po'ell), Benedictine Order, 26
Colonel, 778

Benefit of Clergy, 75

Assize, meaning, 77; Courts, Bagdad, 899-900; railway, 819, Benevolences, 180, 267, 292, 306

Assandun, 37

268; the Bloody, 387

Assize of Arms, 78

Assuan dam, 784

Astrology, 277

820 and note, 898

Bakewell, Robert, 555

Balaclava Bay, 685

Balfe, Michael, 744

Atheists admitted to Parliament, Balfour, Arthur, Irish Secretary,

Bengal, 502, 503, 571, 788

Bentham, Jeremy, 636, 645, 646
Bentinck, Lord George, protec-
tionist leader, 672

Bentinck, William, Duke of
Portland, 570

Bentinck, Lord William, reforms
in India, 785

Balliol, Edward, King of Scot- Bentley, Richard, 556
land, 126

Benzene, 740

and Fisher, 209; against Balliol, John, King of Scotland, Beowulf, 48
Thomas Cromwell, 217; 113

Berchtold, Count, 826

Botha (bō'ta) General, 777, 779, Browning, Robert, 733
894-895, 907

Bloemfontein (blöm'fontin), 777, Bothwell, see Hepburn, James

Bonaparte, Joseph, King of Brass money, abominable pro-

in Egypt, 592, 597; First 361-363; peace of, 368
Consul, 598; designs in 1803, Brest, 432

600; crushes Third Coalition, Brest-Litovsk, treaty of, 850, Burgh, de, see Hubert
601; victories at Jena and 854

Auerstädt and agreement with Bretigny, peace of, 132, 133
Alexander I, 602; his Con- Bribery, in Parliament, 472,
tinental System, 602, 603; ris- 650, 651; in elections, 649

Burgundy, dukes of, see John,
Philip and Charles, see also
Margaret and Mary
Burh, see borough
Burke, Edmund, views on Amer-
ican taxation, 515; character
and policy, 519, 520; con-
ciliation plans, 529; work on
India Bill, 572; in trial of
Hastings, 579; attitude to
ward French Revolution, 581,
582, 585, 586

Burke, Thomas Henry, 714
Burne-Jones, Edward, 744
Burney, Fanny, 563

Burns, Robert, 636

Burton, Robert, 417

Bury St. Edmunds, 93
Bushel's case, 437

Bute, Earl of, see Stuart, John
Butler, James, twelfth Earl and
first Duke of Ormonde, 335.

336, 345

Butler, James, second Duke of
Ormande, 458
Butler, Samuel, 418
Butt, Isaac, 712

Byng (bing), Admiral George,
Viscount Torrington, 427
Byng, Admiral John. 495, 498
Byng, General, 853
Byron, Lord, 637, 638, 732

C

Cabal Ministry, 372-375
Cabinet system, beginning of,
359, 438, 439, 543-545; weak-
ness of, under Anne, 454;
checked by George III, 506;
becomes a reality, 604; changes
in, during World War, 866-868,
906-907

Cable, the Atlantic, 740

Cabot, John, 186, 191, 200, 272
Cade's rebellion, 171

Cambridge Platonists, 413, 414
Camden, Earl, see Pratt, Charles
Campbell, Archibald, Eighth
Earl, and Marquis of Argyle,
346, 386
Campbell, Archibald, ninth Earl
of Argyle, 386
Campbell, Archibald, Marquis
and first Duke of Argyle, 429
Campbell, John, second Duke of
Argyle, 465, 466

Caroline of Brunswick, Queen of
George IV, 619, 620
Carpenter, Captain, 862
Carr, Robert, successively Vis-
count Rochester and Earl of
Somerset, 294
Carson, Sir Edward, 757, 758,
884, 885.
Cartagena, 480, 481
Carthusians, the, 210
Cartwright, Edmund, 550

Campbell, Sir Colin (later Lord Casement, Sir Roger, 884, 886,
Clyde), 790

754, 755

887, 888

Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry, Castles, Anglo-Norman, 61; in
the thirteenth century, 107;
in the fourteenth century, 146,
147

Campeggio, Cardinal, 294
Camperdown, 591, 592
Campion, Edmund, 255
Campo Formio, peace of, 591,
592

Camulodunum, 13
Canada, British conquest of, 501,
503; cession of, to British,
509; effect of cession, 514,
515; Quebec Act for govern-
ment of, 528, in War of
1812, subsequent history of,
763-767; in World War,
891-893

Canal transportation, 551
Canning, George, Foreign Sec-
retary and Leader of the Com-
mons, 620; Ministry of, 622,
623; foreign policy of, 627-
629; joins in founding the
Quarterly Review, 640
Canning, Viscount, 788, 789, 791
Cannon, first use of, 144
Canon law, 77
Canterbury, founding of Arch-
bishopric of, 23, disputed
election, 91
Canterbury Tales, 149
Canton, 674

Cape Breton, 509; see also Louis-
burg

Cadiz, expeditions against, 262, Cape Colony, 772

304
Cædmon, 48

Cæsar, Julius, his Commentaries,

10, 18; his invasions of Britain,

12

Calais, made a staple, 139;
capture of, 128, 129; use of
cannon at, 144; retained in
1453, 172; lost by English,

240, 245
Calcutta, 402, 493, 502
Caleb Williams, 639
Caledonians, II

Calendar, reform of, 491
Calvinism, 231, 241, 242
Cambrai, 849

Cambrian mountains, 5

Castlereagh (castleray'), Vis-
count, later Marquis of Lon-
donderry, in Ireland, 505, 596;
Secretary for War, 604; at
Congress of Vienna, 610; death
and estimate of, 620; foreign
policy of, 626, 627
Catesby, Robert, 288, 289
Catharine of Aragon, Queen of
Henry VIII, 186, 198, 202-
204, 208, 210
Catharine of Braganza, Queen of
Charles II, 366, 379. 380
Catharine Howard, Queen of
Henry VIII, 219

Catharine Parr, Queen of Henry
VIII, 219

Catharine de' Medici, 253
Catharine II, Empress of Russia,

535
Catholic Emancipation, 624-626
Catholic League, the, of 1609,
295

Catholics, see Roman Catholic
Cattle Act, Irish, 363
"Cautionary towns," the, 257
Cavalier Parliament, temper and
work of, 363, 364; beginning
of bribery in, 376, 377; dis-
solution of, 380

Cape of Good Hope, 272, 599, Cavalier ports, 417
612
Cavaliers, 325, 353

Cape St. Vincent, battle of, Cavendish, Lord Frederic, 714
590, 591
Cavendish, Henry, 735

Capitalist class, rise of, in Eng- Cavour, Count, 688, 689

land. 533
Caporetto, 849
Caracalla, decree of, 14
Card playing, 567, 568
Cardinal's College (later Christ
Church), 196

Carlyle, Thomas, 731, 732
Carmarthen, Marquis of, see
Osborne, Sir Thomas
Carnarvon, 112, 121

Carnatic, the, 493, 503
Carnot, 588

Cambridge, University of, 84, Caroline of Anspach, Queen of

Cawnpore, 789

Caxton, William, 192
Ceawlin, 21

Cecil, Robert, successively Vis
count Cranborne, and Marquis
of Salisbury, his first Ministry,
715, 716; his second Ministry,
720; third and last Ministry.
723-725; retirement and death,
753; his foreign policy, 799;
his negotiations in the Russo-
Turkish War, 801-802; his
famous declaration, 818, 819
Cecil, William, Lord Burghley,