3 formed part of the Bibliothèque de la Sorbonne, and during the period of the French Revolution became a part of the now Bibliothèque Nationale. It is the best copy of the three, and contains also a manuscript pagination, which is proof of its having been at one time a part of a collection of pamphlets. 3. The Lenox copy measures 6% by 4 inches. It is at present unbound; but the last line of the title-page ("Auec Priuilege du Roy.") has been cut off by a former binder. Harrassowitz offered it in 1882 (no. 40) for 2,500 marks, together with twentyfive other Relations, each of the latter with its own catalogue price. The entire lot was sold en bloc to the late Charles H. Kalbfleisch. His son sold this particular nugget, through J. Osborne Wright, a bookseller in New York, to the late George H. Moore, at the time superintendent of the Lenox Library, for $500. Upon the death of Dr. Moore, it passed to his heirs, from whom it was bought (June 14, 1893) by the Lenox Library, for $500.

4.

Albert Gallatin, the American statesman, had

a copy. It was in the possession of his descendant, Count de Gallatin, as late as 1893, when he offered it to the Lenox Library. But it was not included among the collection of Relations which he sold at that time to Dodd, Mead & Co., and which is now the property of a well-known private collector of Brooklyn, N. Y. The volume, in a desirable state of preservation, is presumed to be still in the Count's possession.

5. Laval University, at Quebec, has not a printed original; but contains a carefully-executed pen-facsimile, the work of a nun of the Hôtel-Dieu. It is a fact worthy of record, since it exhibits the estima

tion in which these works are held by the religious.

Prior to 1851-52, American students, who gave to the New France Relations a special study, were not aware of the existence of the annual under consideration; nor was its title so much as known to them. About that time the Neilson copy was among the Relations which were housed in the Canadian Library of Parliament; and Dr. O'Callaghan, having been apprised of its existence, communicated the news to Mr. Lenox in a letter dated at Albany, N. Y., September 14, 1852. Mr. Lenox at once wrote to O'Callaghan (September 22), expressing a desire for a transcript. The latter's reply recommended George B. Faribault, of Quebec, as the proper person to whom an application should be addressed. Permission was granted, and a transcript, under Mr. Faribault's direction, was made by George Miville de Chène, of Quebec, for £1. We have examined the receipt for this transaction, which bears the date of December 14, 1852. After the Quebec original had been burned, as already stated, Mr. Lenox had a limited edition printed for private circulation. It was issued in both large and small paper (12m0 and 18mo) form. This reprint contains a few errors, due to faulty transcription. There was, of course, no way of proving the text, after the destruction of the only copy known to Americans. The apograph from which Mr. Lenox's reprint was made, as well as his large paper copy with canceled title-pages and other leaves (at the end), and his ordinary copies, are now in the Lenox Library. Mr. Lenox's munificence and scholarly interest in behalf of the Jesuit Relations must ever put Americanists under great obligations to him.

CI

For bibliographical particulars of the Journal des Jésuites, see Vol. XXVII.

CII

A

In reprinting the Relation of 1659-60 (Paris, 1661), we follow a copy of the original Cramoisy edition in Lenox Library. No author's or editor's name is attached to this annual; it cannot, therefore, be said who was individually responsible for its issuance. letter from René Ménard is inserted on pp. 152-154, which bears the date" Des trois Riuieres ce 27. d'Aoust à 2. heures apres minuit. 1660." The "Priuilege" was "Donné à Paris le 15. Ianuier 1661;" and the " Permiffion" was given "A Paris, le 8. Ianuier, 1661." The volume forms no. 115 of Harrisse's Notes.

The

Collation: Four preliminary leaves, consisting of: blank, I leaf; title, with verso blank, 1 leaf; "Priui lege," with "Permiffion" on the verso, I leaf; "Tables des Chapitres," pp. (2); the text covers pp. 1-202. Signatures: Four preliminary leaves, without signature marks, A - M in eights, N in four. signature marks for Aiiij and Eiiij are by mistake printed Aiij and Eiij, respectively. The pagination is quite erratic. Pages 95 and 96 are in duplicate; 142 is mispaged as 141; and there are no pp. 143, 144, 177, and 178. If the paging were consecutive, there would be 200 pages of text.

Copies have been sold as follows: O'Callaghan (1882), no. 1239, sold for $45, and had cost him $38.75 in gold; Barlow (1890), no. 1309, sold for $70; and at the Lenox duplicate sale at the auction rooms of Bangs & Co., New York City, April 29, 1895, a copy

(item 177) was sold to Dodd, Mead & Co., for $52.50. Copies are possessed by the following libraries: Lenox, New York State Library, Harvard, Brown (private), Ayer (private), Laval University (Quebec), Library of Parliament (Ottawa), British Museum, and Bibliothèque Nationale (Paris).

NOTES TO VOL. XLV

(Figures in parentheses, following number of note, refer to pages of English text.)

1 (p. 35).-François de Laval de Montmorency was born in the diocese of Chartres, April 30, 1622, of an old and noble French family. While still a child, he became a pupil at the Jesuit college of La Flèche; he was even then devoted to the religious life, for he received the tonsure before he was nine years old (according to Langevin), and, when but fifteen, was appointed to a canonical position in the cathedral at Evreux. Upon this occasion, he took the ecclesiastical appellation of Abbé de Montigny. His two elder brothers dying, François became heir of the titles and estates of his family; but he renounced all these (1646) in favor of a younger brother, that he might become a priest. He had begun his theolog. ical education at the age of nineteen, at the college of Clermont; he now continued his studies there, and was also a member of the Congregation of Externes connected with the college. In 1650, he be. came one of a little society of five, who maintained a sort of monastic life in Paris, devoting themselves to philanthropic activities: from this, later, sprang the Société des Missions Étrangères. In 1657 arose the question of a bishop for New France; the contest lay between the Sulpitians and the archbishop of Rouen on one side, and the Jesuits and the court of France on the other. Laval, as the candidate of the latter party, gained the appointment (vol. xliii., note 9); and in June, 1659, he arrived in Canada as titular bishop of Petræa, and vicar apostolic of New France. Not until 1674 was the bishopric of Quebec erected, Laval's title being changed accordingly. It was he who founded (March, 1663) the Seminary of Quebec, for the training of the Canadian clergy; and in 1668, he established the Petit Séminaire. In 1665, he united the former institution with that of the Missions Étrangères, in Paris: and finally (1680) donated all his property as an endowment for the Seminary's support. Laval resigned his bishopric in 1685, and Jean de St. Vallier was appointed his successor, although the latter did not assume his new position until 1688. Laval also returned to Canada in that year; his public life was now finished, except that he several times aided in the administration of the bishopric, during the absence